The 9th Army was a field army of the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army ( Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, afte ...

during the

Russian Civil War {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Russian Civil War , partof = the Russian Revolution and the aftermath of World War I , image = , caption = Clockwise from top left: {{flatlist, *Soldiers ...

which existed from October 3, 1918 until June 22, 1921.

History

The Ninth Army was created on October 3, 1918, from the Povorinsky and Balashovo-Kamyshin sectors of the Southern Front. It was part of: the Southern Front until October 1, 1919, South-Eastern Front until January 16, 1920, the Caucasian Front until May 29, 1921 and then the

North Caucasian Military District The North Caucasus Military District was a military district of the Russian Armed Forces, which became in 2010 the Southern Military District and lately also included the Black Sea Fleet and Caspian Flotilla. It comprised the Republic of Adygeya, ...

. On May 4, 1920, the 9th Army was renamed the 9th Kuban Army. In October-December 1918, the 9th Army fought the Don Army of General Krasnov in the districts of Povorino, Elan and Balashov. In January - March 1919 it participated in the Offensive of the Southern Front and occupied

Borisoglebsk Borisoglebsk (russian: Борисогле́бск) is a town in Voronezh Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Vorona River near its confluence with the Khopyor. Population: 65,000 (1969). History Borisoglebsk was founded in 16 ...

and Novokhopersk. From March, it suppressed the

Vyoshenskaya Uprising The Vyoshenskaya Uprising (or Upper Don rebellion) (March 11 - June 8, 1919) was an uprising of the Don Cossacks during the Russian Civil War led by Pavel Kudinov against the Bolsheviks, which had occupied the Upper Don district in January–Ma ...

in its rear and conducted defensive battles against Denikin's troops in the

Donbass The Donbas or Donbass (, ; uk, Донба́с ; russian: Донба́сс ) is a historical, cultural, and economic region in eastern Ukraine. Parts of the Donbas are controlled by Russian separatist groups as a result of the Russo-Ukrai ...

.
The 9th Army was part of the Special Group of Vasilii Shorin (July 23 - September 30, 1919) and participated in the August

Counteroffensive of Southern Front The August counter-offensive of the Southern Front (14 August – 12 September 1919) was an offensive during the Russian Civil War by the troops of the Southern Front (RSFSR), Southern Front of the Red Army against the White Guard troops of ...

, then held the defense on the

Khopyor River The Khopyor (, also transliterated as Khoper) is a river in European Russia, the biggest left tributary of the river Don.

against the advancing Don Army. In November-December 1919 she participated in the offensive of the Southeastern Front, crossed the Don and Northern Donets and took Millerovo and Lihuyu. In January 1920, the army led an offensive in the Rostov-Novocherkassk Operation. In January-April she fought in the Northern Caucasus Operation to complete the defeat of the Denikin's armies, the Dono-Manych operation (January 17-February 6, 1920), the Tikhoretsky Operation (February-March 1920), and the Kuban-Novorossiysk Operation (March 3-March 27, 1920) in which

Yekaterinodar Krasnodar (; rus, Краснода́р, p=krəsnɐˈdar; ady, Краснодар), formerly Yekaterinodar (until 1920), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The city stands on the Kuban River in southern ...

and Novorossiysk were taken. Then the 9th Army pursued the remains of Denikin's troops in the area of Tuapse and Sochi. In August-September 1920, it fought to liquidate the

Ulagay's Landing Ulagay's Landing is the generally accepted name for a military operation by Pyotr Wrangel's White Russian Army, under command of Sergei Ulagay, against the Red Army in the Kuban between August 14 and September 7, 1920 during the Russian Civil W ...

force in the Kuban and the

Taman Peninsula The Taman Peninsula (russian: Тама́нский полуо́стров, ''Tamanskiy poluostrov'') is a peninsula in the present-day Krasnodar Krai of Russia, which borders the Sea of Azov to the North, the Strait of Kerch to the West and the ...

, against the "Army of the Renaissance of Russia" under General Fostikov and other White Guard formations in the western part of the Northern Caucasus. In February - March 1921 the Army fought on the Black Sea coast against the armed forces of the

Georgian Democratic Republic The Democratic Republic of Georgia (DRG; ka, საქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკა ') was the first modern establishment of a republic of Georgia, which existed from May 1918 to F ...

Commanders

* Alexander Yegorov (September 28 - November 25, 1918) * Pavel Knyagnitsky (November 25, 1918 - June 6, 1919), * Nikolai Vsevolodov (June 6 - 16, 1919), defected to the Whites, * Aleksander Stepin (June 16, 1919 - February 9, 1920), * A. A. Dushkevich (February 9 - March 1, 1920), *

Ieronim Uborevich Ieronim Petrovich Uborevich ( lt, Jeronimas Uborevičius; russian: Иерони́м Петро́вич Уборе́вич; – 12 June 1937) was a Soviet military commander of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War, reaching the rank of kom ...

(March 1 - April 5, 1920), * Matvei Vasilenko (April 5 - July 19, 1920), * Mikhail Lewandowski (July 19 - October 5, 1920), * V.N. Chernyshev (October 5 - November 21, 1920) * Mikhail Lewandowski (November 21, 1920 - January 26, 1921) * V.N. Chernyshev (January 26 - April 22, 1921), * Mikhail Lewandowski (April 22 - June 13, 1921), * I. F. Sharskov (June 13 -June 22, 1921).

Chief of Staff

* Ilya Garkavyi (April 20 - May 8, 1919)

Members of the Revolutionary Military Council include

Grigori Sokolnikov Grigori Yakovlevich Sokolnikov (born Hirsch Brilliant or Girsh Yankelevich Brilliant; 1888–1939) was a Russian Old Bolshevik revolutionary, economist, and Soviet politician. Early career Grigori Sokolnikov was born Girsh Yankelevich Brillia ...

Alexander Beloborodov Alexander Georgiyevich Beloborodov (russian: link=no, Алекса́ндр Гео́ргиевич Белоборо́дов; 26 October 189110 February 1938) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet politician, party figure and statesman ...

{{Soviet Armies of the Russian Civil War Soviet field armies in the Russian Civil War Military units and formations established in 1918 Military units and formations disestablished in 1921