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Sonom
Sonom (died circa June 13–14, 1776) was a chieftain of the rGyalrong people in China. He was the lord-lama of Greater Jinchuan.Theobald, Ulrich. ''War Finance and Logistics in Late Imperial China: A Study of the Second Jinchuan Campaign (1771–1776)'' (Monies, Markets, and Finance in East Asia, 1600-1900). BRILL, July 11, 2013. , 9789004255678. p20 He was executed after his January 1776 defeat in the Jinchuan campaigns. Family Sonom was the fourth son of Langkya , who was the previous ruler of Greater Jinchuan. Sonom's mother was Atsang ,Theobald,The Second Jinchuan Campaign" p. 60 (PDF 70/458). "Senggesang was supported by two of his relatives in Greater Jinchuan, Sonom 索諾木 and Langyka, who both wrote official reports to the imperial court to defend their aggressions." and "Langkya in Greater Jinchuan died from a disease, allegedly likewise caused by an evil spell mantra cast by the king of Gebshidza. His heir was his fourth son Sonom, aged 19 ''sui'',132 and therefore a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jinchuan Campaigns
The Jinchuan campaigns (), also known as the Suppression of the Jinchuan Hill Peoples (Chinese: 平定兩金川), were two wars between Qing Empire and the rebel forces of Gyalrong chieftains ("Tusi") from the Jinchuan region. The first campaign against Chiefdom of Chuchen (Da Jinchuan or Greater Jinchuan in Chinese) happened in 1747 when the Tusi of Greater Jinchuan Slob Dpon attacked the Chiefdom of Chakla (Mingzheng). The Qianlong Emperor decided to mobilize forces and suppress Slob Dpon, who surrendered to the central government in 1749. The second campaign against Chiefdom of Tsanlha (Xiao Jinchuan or Lesser Jinchuan) took place in 1771, when the Jinchuan Tusi Sonom killed Gebushiza Tusi of Ngawa County in Sichuan Province. After Sonom killed Gebushiza Tusi, he helped Tusi of Lesser Jinchuan, Senge Sang, to occupy the lands belonging to the other Tusi in the region. The provincial government ordered Sonom to return lands and accept the trial at the Ministry of Justice immed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jinchuan Wars
The Jinchuan campaigns (), also known as the Suppression of the Jinchuan Hill Peoples (Chinese: 平定兩金川), were two wars between Qing Empire and the rebel forces of Gyalrong chieftains ("Tusi") from the Jinchuan region. The first campaign against Chiefdom of Chuchen (Da Jinchuan or Greater Jinchuan in Chinese) happened in 1747 when the Tusi of Greater Jinchuan Slob Dpon attacked the Chiefdom of Chakla (Mingzheng). The Qianlong Emperor decided to mobilize forces and suppress Slob Dpon, who surrendered to the central government in 1749. The second campaign against Chiefdom of Tsanlha (Xiao Jinchuan or Lesser Jinchuan) took place in 1771, when the Jinchuan Tusi Sonom killed Gebushiza Tusi of Ngawa County in Sichuan Province. After Sonom killed Gebushiza Tusi, he helped Tusi of Lesser Jinchuan, Senge Sang, to occupy the lands belonging to the other Tusi in the region. The provincial government ordered Sonom to return lands and accept the trial at the Ministry of Justice immed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Spirit Catches You And You Fall Down
''The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down: A Hmong Child, Her American Doctors, and the Collision of Two Cultures'' is a 1997 book by Anne Fadiman that chronicles the struggles of a Hmong refugee family from Houaysouy, Sainyabuli Province, Laos, Fadiman. "Foua and Nao Kao." ''The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down''. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 1997103 " .. asked her to describe a typical day in Houaysouy, the village in the northwestern province of Sayaboury where the Lee family had lived." the Lees, and their interactions with the health care system in Merced, California. In 2005 Robert Entenmann, of St. Olaf College wrote that the book is "certainly the most widely read book on the Hmong experience in America."Entenmann, Robert.The Myth of Sonom, the Hmong King" () ''Hmong Studies Journal'', Volume 6, 2005. p. 1. Retrieved on July 11, 2014. On the most basic level, the book tells the story of the family's second youngest and favored daughter, Lia Lee, who was diagnosed with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiefdom Of Chuchen
Chiefdom of Chuchen (), also known as Rabden or the Chiefdom of Greater Jinchuan (), was an autonomous Gyalrong Tusi chiefdom that ruled Greater Jinchuan (present day Jinchuan County, Sichuan) during the Qing dynasty. The rulers of Chuchen used the royal title Namkha Gyalpo (). Chieftains of Chuchen had family relationship with chieftains of Tsanlha (Lesser Jinchuan). The first Chuchen chieftain was Slob Dpon, he was appointed by the Qing dynasty in 1723. Slob Dpon married a daughter to Tsewang, the chieftain of Tsanlha. Tsewang was cowardly. Slob Dpon deposed Tsewang and annexed Tsanlha in 1746; then, he invaded neighbouring chiefdoms. In 1747, the Qing dynasty launched the First Jinchuan campaign. Slob Dpon had to abdicated to his son Lang Kashi. The Second Jinchuan campaign broke out in 1771. Two years later, chief Sonom Sonom (died circa June 13–14, 1776) was a chieftain of the rGyalrong people in China. He was the lord-lama of Greater Jinchuan.Theobald, Ulrich. ''Wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Marie Savina
François Marie Savina (20 March 1876 – 23 July 1941Michaud, Jean. ''Historical Dictionary of the Peoples of the Southeast Asian Massif'' (Historical Dictionaries of Peoples and Cultures). Scarecrow Press, April 19, 2006. , 9780810865037. p209) was a Frenchman who worked as a Catholic priest and as an anthropologist.Cha, Dia (Learning through folklore series). ''Teaching with Folk Stories of the Hmong: An Activity Book''. Libraries Unlimited, 2000. , 9781563086687. p1 For an approximately forty-year period he worked in the Upper-Tonkin Vicariate, Hainan, and Laos. He studied the Hmong people of northern Vietnam and Laos as he was asked to spread Christianity to them. Nicholas Tapp, author of ''The Impossibility of Self: An Essay on the Hmong Diaspora'', described Savina as "One of our earliest informants who is at all frank about the nature of his day-today encounters with the Hmong".Tapp, p67 Charles Keith, author of ''Catholic Vietnam: A Church from Empire to Nation'', wrote tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RGyalrong People
Gyalrong people (Tibetan: རྒྱལ་རོང, Chinese:嘉绒), also called Jiarong, rGyalrong, are speakers of the Qiangic Gyalrong language who live in the southern part of Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan, China. They are also found in Danba County of Garze Prefecture. The word Gyalrong is an exo-ethnonym and loanword from the Tibetan word ''rGyal-mo tsha-wa rong''.Prins, Marielle. 2011. A web of relations: A grammar of rGyalrong Ji omùzú, p. 18. The Gyalrong refer to themselves as Keru. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Gyalrong were ruled by local Tusi (土司). In 1746, Slob Dpon, the Tusi of Greater Jinchuan, was trying to unite tribes in Sichuan, forcing the Qing dynasty to launch campaigns to suppress them. After 1950, the People's Republic of China classified them as a sub-group of the Tibetan people. Famous Gyalrong *Sanggyai Yexe, communist official. *Sonom Gyalrong kingdoms *Kingdom of Chakla (Dartsedo) *Kingdom of Trokyap (Chuos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyalrong People
Gyalrong people (Tibetan: རྒྱལ་རོང, Chinese:嘉绒), also called Jiarong, rGyalrong, are speakers of the Qiangic Gyalrong language who live in the southern part of Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan, China. They are also found in Danba County of Garze Prefecture. The word Gyalrong is an exo-ethnonym and loanword from the Tibetan word ''rGyal-mo tsha-wa rong''.Prins, Marielle. 2011. A web of relations: A grammar of rGyalrong Ji omùzú, p. 18. The Gyalrong refer to themselves as Keru. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Gyalrong were ruled by local Tusi (土司). In 1746, Slob Dpon, the Tusi of Greater Jinchuan, was trying to unite tribes in Sichuan, forcing the Qing dynasty to launch campaigns to suppress them. After 1950, the People's Republic of China classified them as a sub-group of the Tibetan people. Famous Gyalrong *Sanggyai Yexe, communist official. *Sonom Gyalrong kingdoms *Kingdom of Chakla (Dartsedo) *Kingdom of Trokyap (Chu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ten Great Campaigns
The Ten Great Campaigns () were a series of military campaigns launched by the Qing dynasty of China in the mid–late 18th century during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1735–1796). They included three to enlarge the area of Qing control in Inner Asia: two against the Dzungars (1755–1757) and the "pacification" of Xinjiang (1758–1759). The other seven campaigns were more in the nature of police actions on frontiers already established: two wars to suppress the Gyalrong of Jinchuan, Sichuan, another to suppress the Taiwanese Aboriginals (1787–88), and four expeditions abroad against the Burmese (1765–1769), the Vietnamese (1788–1789), and the Gurkhas on the border between Tibet and Nepal (1790–1792), with the last counting as two. Campaigns Three campaigns against the Dzungars and the pacification of Xinjiang (1755–1759) First campaign Of the ten campaigns, the final destruction of the Dzungars (or Zunghars) was the most significant. The 1755 p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hmong Studies Journal
The ''Hmong Studies Journal'' is an irregularly published, peer-reviewed academic journal covering studies on the Hmong people. The journal was established in 1996 and the editor in chief and publisher is Mark Pfeifer. " ''''. Retrieved on November 28, 2010. The journal is indexed by and ProQuest
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Histoire Des Miao
''Histoire des Miao'' ("History of the Miao") is a 1924 ethnographic book of the Hmong people by François Marie Savina, published by the Société des Missions-Etrangères de Paris.Savina, François-Marie 1924, ''Histoire des Miao.'' Hong Kong: Imprimerie de Ia Société des Missions-Etrangères, XXII-304 p. Republished in 1930; Lodwick, Kathleen L. ''Educating the Women of Hainan: the career of Margaret Moninger in China, 1915-1942''. University Press of Kentucky (year unstated). 0813132967, 9780813132969. p233 As of 2006, of Savina's writings, it is the most well-known and the most often cited.Michaud, Jean. ''Historical Dictionary of the Peoples of the Southeast Asian Massif'' (Historical Dictionaries of Peoples and Cultures). Scarecrow Press, April 19, 2006. , 9780810865037. p209 The book includes Savina's theories and views of the Hmong. Savina argued that the Hmong had non-Asian origins because their legends had similarities to European stories. Jean Michaud, author of ''His ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Tübingen
The University of Tübingen, officially the Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen (german: Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; la, Universitas Eberhardina Carolina), is a public research university located in the city of Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The University of Tübingen is one of eleven German Excellence Universities. The University of Tübingen is especially known as a centre for the study of plant biology, medicine, law, archeology, ancient cultures, philosophy, theology, and religious studies as well as more recently as center of excellence for artificial intelligence. The university's noted alumni include presidents, EU Commissioners, and judges of the Federal Constitutional Court. The university is associated with eleven Nobel laureates, especially in the fields of medicine and chemistry. History The University of Tübingen was founded in 1477 by Count Eberhard V (Eberhard im Bart, 1445–1496), later the first Duke of Württemberg, a civic and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silkworm Books
The domestic silk moth (''Bombyx mori''), is an insect from the moth family Bombycidae. It is the closest relative of ''Bombyx mandarina'', the wild silk moth. The silkworm is the larva or caterpillar of a silk moth. It is an economically important insect, being a primary producer of silk. A silkworm's preferred food are white mulberry leaves, though they may eat other mulberry species and even the osage orange. Domestic silk moths are entirely dependent on humans for reproduction, as a result of millennia of selective breeding. Wild silk moths (other species of ''Bombyx'') are not as commercially viable in the production of silk. Sericulture, the practice of breeding silkworms for the production of raw silk, has been under way for at least 5,000 years in China, whence it spread to India, Korea, Nepal, Japan, and the West. The domestic silk moth was domesticated from the wild silk moth ''Bombyx mandarina'', which has a range from northern India to northern China, Korea, Japan, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
