Skole Beskids National Nature Park
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Skole Beskids National Nature Park
Skole Beskids National Nature Park ( uk, Сколівські Бескиди) covers the Skole Beskids Range of the Carpathian Mountains on the western edge of Ukraine. It was created in 1999 to protect the beech and beech-fir forests of Carpathians, and to provide for environmental, ecological, aesthetic, educational and recreational uses. The park is in Stryi Raion, Stryi and Drohobych Raions in Lviv Oblast. Topography The terrain is mountainous, with the park divided into the valleys of both the Stryi River and the Opir River. Altitude above sea-level is 600 to 1,260 meters. The highest point in the boundaries is Mount Parashka. The mountain range runs northwest to southeast, with peaks formed by river cuts between them. The geology of the range is deep-sea sedimentary rocks of the Cretaceous and Paleogene ages - known as ''flysch'' - composed of sandstones, siltstones, argillites, limestones, and marls. Climate and ecoregion The climate of Skole Beskids is ''Humid contin ...
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Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast ( uk, Льві́вська о́бласть, translit=Lvivska oblast, ), also referred to as Lvivshchyna ( uk, Льві́вщина, ), ). The name of each oblast is a wikt:Appendix:Glossary#relational, relational adjective—in English translating to a noun adjunct which otherwise serves the same function—formed by adding a feminine suffix to the name of the respective center city: ''Lʹvív'' is the center of the ''Lʹvívsʹka óblastʹ'' (Lviv Oblast). Most oblasts are also sometimes referred to in a feminine noun form, following the convention of traditional regional place names, ending with the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case with the Lviv Oblast, ''Lvivshchyna''. is an administrative divisions of Ukraine, oblast (province) in western Ukraine. The capital city, administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is History The oblast was created as part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic on December 4, 1939 following the So ...
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Köppen Climate Classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notably in 1918 and 1936. Later, the climatologist Rudolf Geiger (1894–1981) introduced some changes to the classification system, which is thus sometimes called the Köppen–Geiger climate classification system. The Köppen climate classification divides climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on seasonal precipitation and temperature patterns. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (temperate), ''D'' (continental), and ''E'' (polar). Each group and subgroup is represented by a letter. All climates are assigned a main group (the first letter). All climates except for those in the ''E'' group are assigned a seasonal precipitation subgroup (the second letter). For example, ''Af'' indi ...
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Humid Continental Climate
A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and freezing cold (sometimes severely cold in the northern areas) winters. Precipitation is usually distributed throughout the year but often do have dry seasons. The definition of this climate regarding temperature is as follows: the mean temperature of the coldest month must be below or depending on the isotherm, and there must be at least four months whose mean temperatures are at or above . In addition, the location in question must not be semi-arid or arid. The cooler ''Dfb'', ''Dwb'', and ''Dsb'' subtypes are also known as hemiboreal climates. Humid continental climates are generally found between latitudes 30° N and 60° N, within the central and northeastern portions of North America, Europe, and Asia. They are rare and isolat ...
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Flysch
Flysch () is a sequence of sedimentary rock layers that progress from deep-water and turbidity flow deposits to shallow-water shales and sandstones. It is deposited when a deep basin forms rapidly on the continental side of a mountain building episode. Examples are found near the North American Cordillera, the Alps, the Pyrenees and the Carpathians. Sedimentological properties Flysch consists of repeated sedimentary cycles with upwards fining of the sediments. There are sometimes coarse conglomerates or breccias at the bottom of each cycle, which gradually evolve upwards into sandstone and shale/mudstone. Flysch typically consists of a sequence of shales rhythmically interbedded with thin, hard, graywacke-like sandstones. Typically the shales do not contain many fossils, while the coarser sandstones often have fractions of micas and glauconite. Tectonics In a continental collision, a subducting tectonic plate pushes on the plate above it, making the rock fold, often to th ...
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Paleogene
The Paleogene ( ; British English, also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene; informally Lower Tertiary or Early Tertiary) is a geologic period, geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period million years ago (annum, Mya) to the beginning of the Neogene Period Mya. It is the beginning of the Cenozoic Era of the present Phanerozoic Eon. The earlier term Tertiary Period was used to define the span of time now covered by the Paleogene Period and subsequent Neogene Period; despite no longer being recognised as a formal stratigraphy, stratigraphic term, 'Tertiary' is still widely found in earth science literature and remains in informal use. Paleogene is often abbreviated "Pg" (but the United States Geological Survey uses the abbreviation PE for the Paleogene on the Survey's geologic maps). During the Paleogene, evolution of mammals, mammals diversified from relatively small, simple forms into a large group of diverse animals in the wake of ...
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Cretaceous
The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of the entire Phanerozoic. The name is derived from the Latin ''creta'', "chalk", which is abundant in the latter half of the period. It is usually abbreviated K, for its German translation ''Kreide''. The Cretaceous was a period with a relatively warm climate, resulting in high eustatic sea levels that created numerous shallow inland seas. These oceans and seas were populated with now- extinct marine reptiles, ammonites, and rudists, while dinosaurs continued to dominate on land. The world was ice free, and forests extended to the poles. During this time, new groups of mammals and birds appeared. During the Early Cretaceous, flowering plants appeared and began to rapidly diversify, becoming the dominant group of plants across the Earth b ...
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Mount Parashka
Parasha ( uk, Пара́ша, Параша) – mountain in the Ukrainian Carpathians, the highest peak of the Parasha Range in the Skole Beskids (Eastern Beskids). Highest peak reaches above sea level. It is located at a distance north-west from the district center Skole and from the regional center of Lviv. Etymology According to legend, the mountain is named after Parashka - the daughter (according to other versions - a woman) of Prince Svyatoslav Vladimirovich, son of Vladimir the Great, who was killed on this mountain by the troops of Sviatopolk I of Kyiv in 1015. This event was preceded by the battle between Sviatoslav and Sviatopolk near the town of Skole. Fun facts * Parashka is the highest peak, which lies entirely in the Lviv region. * In good weather from the top of Parashka you can see the nearby village of Korchyn, as well as the cities of Stryy, Mykolayiv (cement plant), and even Lviv Lviv ( uk, Львів) is the largest city in western Ukraine, and t ...
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Ministry Of Ecology And Natural Resources (Ukraine)
Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources of Ukraine ( uk, Міністерство захисту довкілля та природних ресурсів) is the main authority in the system of central government of Ukraine responsible for ecological monitoring and development of the country. As a government ministry it exists since 1991 being formed during dissolution of the Soviet Union. History This government institution was established back in 1967 as the State Committee of Nature Protection. In 1978, it was merged into the All-Union State Committee under the same name centered in Moscow. Following declaration of independence, the state committee was reorganized into the Ministry of Environmental Protection of Ukraine. In 1995-2000, the ministry also supervised the nuclear safety as Ministry of Environmental Protection and Nuclear Safety of Ukraine. In 2000, it switched to its current name until 2003 and recovered it again in 2010. In 2003-2010 it was the ...
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Stryi River
The Stryi River ( uk, Стрий) starts in the Carpathian mountains in western Ukraine. It snakes through the mountains running for 231 km (144 miles). After 193 km it passes Stryi. The river continues for another 32 km before joining the Dniester near Khodoriv. Route The river starts in a catchment area above and in the foothills of the Eastern Beskids range of the Carpathian mountains close to the village of Mokhnate, flowing down the East facing flank of the range. From here it begins to grow, being joined by many tributaries on its way North, before flowing into a series of twists and turns through gorges. It exits the hills reaching a flat area around Turka, where there was an attempt at hydro electric generation and flood control. The river meanders through the hills to Pidhorodci where it meets another main tributary the Opir at Nyzhnye Synievydne. From here it begins to straighten, 3.5 km south east of the town, at the start of the Stryi valley ...
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Drohobych Raion
Drohobych Raion ( uk, Дрогобицький район, translit: ''Drohobytskyi raion'') is a raion (district) of Lviv Oblast (region) of western Ukraine. Its administrative center is Drohobych. Population: . On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Lviv Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Drohobych Raion was significantly expanded. Boryslav and Drohobych municipalities, as well as the city of Truskavets, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance, were merged into Drohobych Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was Subdivisions Current After the reform in July 2020, the raion consisted of 5 hromadas: * Boryslav urban hromada with the administration in the city of Boryslav, transferred from Boryslav Municipality; * Drohobych urban hromada with the administration in the city of Drohobych, transferred from Drohobych Municipality; * Medenychi settlement hromada with the administ ...
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