Size Effect On Structural Strength
According to the classical theories of elastic or plastic structures made from a material with non-random strength (''f''t), the nominal strength (''σ''N) of a structure is independent of the structure size (''D'') when geometrically similar structures are considered.The nominal strength of a structure (''σ''N) has units of stress and is related to the maximum load (''P''max) that the structure can support. For structures that can be approximated as two-dimensional, ''σ''N = ''P''max/''bD'' where ''b'' is the thickness of the two-dimensional structure. For three-dimensional structures, ''σ''N = ''P''max/''D''2. Any structure dimension can be chosen for ''D'' but it must be homologous for every size. Any deviation from this property is called the size effect. For example, conventional strength of materials predicts that a large beam and a tiny beam will fail at the same stress if they are made of the same material. In the real world, because of size effects, a larger beam wi ...
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