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Six Poetic Geniuses
The are six Japanese poets of the mid-ninth century who were named by Ki no Tsurayuki in the ''kana'' and ''mana'' prefaces to the poetry anthology ''Kokin wakashū'' (c. 905–14) as notable poets of the generation before its compilers. History of the term In their original appearance in the prefaces of the ''Kokin wakashū'', the six ''rokkasen'' are not actually referred to with this term. There are numerous phrases that show the conceptualization of these six as a cohesive group, but the term "Rokkasen" first appeared in an early Kamakura-period commentary on ''Kokin wakashū'', titled ''Sanryūshō'' 三流抄. Members The members of the ''rokkasen'', and their total poems in ''Kokin wakashū,'' are as follows: *Ōtomo no Kuronushi, 3 poems *Ono no Komachi, 18 poems *Ariwara no Narihira, 30 poems *Kisen Hōshi, 1 poem * Sōjō Henjō, 17 poems *Fun'ya no Yasuhide, 1 poem Tsurayuki's Criticism In his prefaces to the anthology ''Kokin wakashū'', Ki no Tsurayuki first pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helen Craig McCullough
Helen Craig McCullough (February 17, 1918 – April 6, 1998) was an American academic, translator and Japanologist. She is best known for her 1988 translation of ''The Tale of the Heike''. Early life McCullough was born in California. She graduated from the University of California, Berkeley in 1939 with a degree in political science. Early in World War II, she studied Japanese at the U.S. Navy’s Language School in Boulder, Colorado. In 1950, she returned to Berkeley where she earned an MA and PhD. She married fellow Berkeley graduate student William H. McCullough.; (full viewCalisphere site/ref> Career McCullough was a scholar of classical Japanese poetry and prose. She was a lecturer at Stanford, where her husband William was on the faculty (1964-1969). In 1969, she and William both joined the Department of Oriental Languages at Berkeley, her alma mater, where she began as lecturer and later received tenure as Professor of Oriental Languages in 1975. Selected works McCull ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Literature
Japanese literature throughout most of its history has been influenced by cultural contact with neighboring Asian literatures, most notably China and its literature. Early texts were often written in pure Classical Chinese or , a Chinese-Japanese creole language. Indian literature also had an influence through the spread of Buddhism in Japan. During the Heian period, Japan's original culture () developed and literature also established its own style, with the significant usage and development of to write Japanese literature. Following the Perry Expedition which led to the end of the policy and the forced reopening of foreign trade, Western literature has also made influences to the development of modern Japanese writers, while Japanese literature has in turn become more recognized internationally, leading to two Japanese Nobel laureates in literature, namely Yasunari Kawabata and Kenzaburō Ōe. History Nara-period literature (before 794) Before the introduction of kanji f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lists Of Poets
This is an alphabetical list of internationally notable poets. A Ab–Ak *Aarudhra (1925–1968), Indian Telugu poet, born Bhagavatula Sadasiva Sankara Sastry * Jonathan Aaron (born 1941), US poet * Chris Abani (born 1966), Nigerian poet * Henry Abbey (1842–1911), US poet *Eleanor Hallowell Abbott (1872–1958), US poet and fiction writer * Siôn Abel (fl. 18th c.), Welsh balladeer *Lascelles Abercrombie (1881–1938), English poet and literary critic * Arthur Talmage Abernethy (1872–1956), US journalist, minister, scholar; first North Carolina Poet Laureate * Sam Abrams (born 1935), US poet, editor and critic * Seth Abramson (born 1976), US poet * Kosta Abrašević (1879–1898), Serbian poet *Dannie Abse (1923–2014), Welsh poet in English *Kathy Acker (1947–1997), US experimental novelist, punk poet and playwright *Diane Ackerman (born 1948), US author, poet and naturalist * Duane Ackerson (1942–2020), US writer of speculative poetry and fiction *Milton Acorn (1923 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waka (poetry)
is a type of poetry in classical Japanese literature. Although ''waka'' in modern Japanese is written as , in the past it was also written as (see Wa, an old name for Japan), and a variant name is . Etymology The word ''waka'' has two different but related meanings: the original meaning was "poetry in Japanese" and encompassed several genres such as ''chōka'' and ''sedōka'' (discussed below); the later, more common definition refers to poetry in a 5-7-5-7-7 metre. Up to and during the compilation of the ''Man'yōshū'' in the eighth century, the word ''waka'' was a general term for poetry composed in Japanese, and included several genres such as , , and . However, by the time of the '' Kokinshūs compilation at the beginning of the tenth century, all of these forms except for the ''tanka'' and ''chōka'' had effectively gone extinct, and ''chōka'' had significantly diminished in prominence. As a result, the word ''waka'' became effectively synonymous with ''tanka'', and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ogura Hyakunin Isshu
is a classical Japanese anthology of one hundred Japanese ''waka'' by one hundred poets. ''Hyakunin isshu'' can be translated to "one hundred people, one poem ach; it can also refer to the card game of ''uta-garuta'', which uses a deck composed of cards based on the ''Hyakunin Isshu''. The most famous and standard version was compiled by Fujiwara no Teika (1162–1241) while he lived in the Ogura district of Kyoto. It is therefore also known as . Compilation One of Teika's diaries, the ''Meigetsuki'' (明月記), says that his son Tameie asked him to arrange one hundred poems for Tameie's father-in-law, Utsunomiya Yoritsuna, who was furnishing a residence near Mount Ogura; hence the full name of ''Ogura Hyakunin Isshu''. In order to decorate screens of the residence, Fujiwara no Teika produced the calligraphy poem sheets. Hishikawa Moronobu (1618–1694) provided woodblock portraits for each of the poets included in the anthology. Katsukawa Shunshō (1726–1793) designed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Montoku
(August 826 – 7 October 858) was the 55th emperor of Japan, Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 文徳天皇 (55)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Montoku's reign lasted from 850 to 858. Traditional narrative Before Montoku's ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (''imina'') was . He was also known as ''Tamura-no-mikado''Varley, p. 165. or ''Tamura-tei''. He was the eldest son of Emperor Ninmyō. His mother was Empress Dowager Fujiwara no Junshi (also called the Gojō empress 五条后), daughter of the minister of the left, Fujiwara no Fuyutsugu. Montoku had six Imperial consorts and 29 Imperial children.Brown, p. 285. Events of Montoku's life * 6 May 850 (''Kashō 3, 21st day of the 3rd month''): In the 17th year of Ninmyō''-tennō''s reign (仁明天皇十七年), the emperor died; and his eldest son received the succession (''senso''). * 850 (''Kashō 3, 4th month''): Emperor Montoku formally acceded to the throne (''soku ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Ninmyō
was the 54th emperor of Japan, Emperor Ninmyō, Fukakusa Imperial Mausoleum, Imperial Household Agency according to the traditional order of succession. Ninmyō's reign lasted from 833 to 850, during the Heian period. Traditional narrative Ninmyō was the second son of Emperor Saga and the Empress Tachibana no Kachiko. His personal name (''imina'') was . After his death, he was given the title . Ninmyō had nine Empresses, Imperial consorts, and concubines (''kōi''); and the emperor had 24 Imperial sons and daughters. Brown and Ishida, p. 283. Emperor Ninmyō is traditionally venerated at his tomb; the Imperial Household Agency designates , in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, as the location of Ninmyō's mausoleum. Events of Ninmyō's life Ninmyō ascended to the throne following the abdication of his uncle, Emperor Junna. * 6 January 823 (): Received the title of Crown Prince at the age of 14. * 22 March 833 (): In the 10th year of Emperor Junna's reign, the emperor abdicated; an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Kōkō
was the 58th emperor of Japan, Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 光孝天皇 (58)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Kōkō reigned from 884 to 887. Traditional narrative Before the emperor's ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his name (''imina'') was or ''Komatsu-tei''. He would later be identified sometimes as "the Emperor of Komatsu". This resulted in the later Emperor Go-Komatsu adopting this name (''go-'' meaning "later", so "Later Emperor Komatsu" or "Emperor Komatsu II"). Tokiyasu ''Shinnō'' was the third son of Emperor Ninmyō. His mother was Fujiwara no Sawako. Kōkō had four Imperial consorts and 41 Imperial sons and daughters.Brown, p. 289. Events of Kōkō's life The first '' kampaku'' Fujiwara no Mototsune was influential in the process by which Kōkō became an emperor. At the time Emperor Yōzei was deposed, Prince Tokiaytsu was already Governor of Hitachi and Chief Minister of Ceremonies (''Jibu-kyō'', 治部卿) Ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Man'yōshū
The is the oldest extant collection of Japanese (poetry in Classical Japanese), compiled sometime after AD 759 during the Nara period. The anthology is one of the most revered of Japan's poetic compilations. The compiler, or the last in a series of compilers, is today widely believed to be Ōtomo no Yakamochi, although numerous other theories have been proposed. The chronologically last datable poem in the collection is from AD 759 ( 4516). It contains many poems from a much earlier period, with the bulk of the collection representing the period between AD 600 and 759. The precise significance of the title is not known with certainty. The contains 20 volumes and more than 4,500 poems, and is divided into three genres: , songs at banquets and trips; , songs about love between men and women; and songs to mourn the death of people. These songs were written by people of various statuses, such as the Emperor, aristocrats, junior officials, soldiers ( songs), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thirty-Six Immortals Of Poetry
The are a group of Japanese poets of the Asuka, Nara, and Heian periods selected by Fujiwara no Kintō as exemplars of Japanese poetic ability. The oldest surviving collection of the 36 poets' works is ''Nishi Honganji Sanju-rokunin Kashu'' ("Nishi Honganji 36 poets collection") of 1113. Similar groups of Japanese poets include the Kamakura period ''Nyōbō Sanjūrokkasen'' (女房三十六歌仙), composed by court ladies exclusively, and the , or Thirty-Six Heian-era Immortals of Poetry, selected by (1107–1165). This list superseded an older group called the Six Immortals of Poetry. Sets of portraits (essentially imaginary) of the group were popular in Japanese painting and later woodblock prints, and often hung in temples. Kintō's Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry # Kakinomoto no Hitomaro # Ki no Tsurayuki # Ōshikōchi Mitsune # Lady Ise # Ōtomo no Yakamochi # Yamabe no Akahito # Ariwara no Narihira # Henjō # Sosei # Ki no Tomonori # Sarumaru no Taifu # ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Kintō
, also known as Shijō-dainagon, was a Japanese poet, admired by his contemporaries "... Fujiwara no Kinto (966–1008), the most admired poet of the day." pg 283 of Donald Keene's ''Seeds in the Heart''. and a court bureaucrat of the Heian period. His father was the regent Fujiwara no Yoritada and his son Fujiwara no Sadayori.pg 602 of ''Seeds in the Heart''. An exemplary calligrapher and poet, he is mentioned in works by Murasaki Shikibu, Sei Shōnagon and in a number of other major chronicles and texts. Biography Kintō wrote a great many poems, as well as many poetry anthologies including the ''Shūi Wakashū'' and the '' Wakan rōeishū''. He also established the grouping of "Thirty-Six Poetic Geniuses" or "Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry", the "Anthology of Poems by the Thirty-Six Poets" (''Sanjūrokkasen''), frequently seen in Ukiyo-e art; he first assembled in 1009–1011 which Fujiwara no Teika would later recommend to study by aspiring poets. The anthology: :"...cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
