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Sinomammut
''Sinomammut'' (meaning "Chinese mastodon") is a proboscidean found in the Miocene of China. Only one species, ''S. tobieni'', is known, named in 2016. Discovery and naming It was known from GIOTC 0984-9-178, a single, fragmentary, mandible found in the 1990s, however, most of the specimen has been lost, leaving only the right ramus and an in-situ photograph of the mandible. The surviving ramus was collected in 1999 in the Neogene-aged Xihe Linxian Basin in Miocene-aged deposits by Zhao Desi. The left branch of the jaw was lost during the salvage and is only documented by a photo of the fossil ''in situ''. In 2007, Xie GuangPu, also involved in the initial description, published the find under the scientific name ''Sinomastodon intermedium''.GP, Xie. (2007). Identification on elephantoid teeth and fossil elephantoids in Gansu (in Chinese). In: EJ (Ed), ''The Collection of Disquisitions for West China's Museum Forum Contents. Lanzhou: Sanqin Press'' p. 152-181. In 2014, GIOTC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinomammut Teeth
''Sinomammut'' (meaning "Chinese mastodon") is a proboscidean found in the Miocene of China. Only one species, ''S. tobieni'', is known, named in 2016. Discovery and naming It was known from GIOTC 0984-9-178, a single, fragmentary, mandible found in the 1990s, however, most of the specimen has been lost, leaving only the right ramus and an in-situ photograph of the mandible. The surviving ramus was collected in 1999 in the Neogene-aged Xihe Linxian Basin in Miocene-aged deposits by Zhao Desi. The left branch of the jaw was lost during the salvage and is only documented by a photo of the fossil ''in situ''. In 2007, Xie GuangPu, also involved in the initial description, published the find under the scientific name ''Sinomastodon intermedium''.GP, Xie. (2007). Identification on elephantoid teeth and fossil elephantoids in Gansu (in Chinese). In: EJ (Ed), ''The Collection of Disquisitions for West China's Museum Forum Contents. Lanzhou: Sanqin Press'' p. 152-181. In 2014, GIOTC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinomastodon
''Sinomastodon'' ("Chinese mastodont") is an extinct gomphothere genus (of order Proboscidea), from the Late Miocene to the Early Pleistocene deposits of Asia ( China, Japan, Thailand, Myanmar, Kashmir, and Indonesia). It is not to be confused with the genus ''Sinomammut'' from a different proboscidean family, whose members are commonly called "mastodons". The animal was very similar to modern elephants with sizes ranging from 3.6 to 5.3 m. Several species are known from China, the best-known being ''S. hanjiangensis'' from the Late Miocene and Early Pliocene of the Shanxi province. It is known from an incomplete skeleton of an adult (measuring 5.3 m) including maxilla, mandibles, teeth, tusks and other materials has been discovered. The Japanese species ''S. sendaicus'' described in 1924 from dentary materials from Pliocene deposits has been ascribed to the genus, as well as the species ''S. bumiajuensis'' (formerly ''Tetralophodon'') from the late Pliocene of Java. One in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proboscidea
The Proboscidea (; , ) are a taxonomic order of afrotherian mammals containing one living family (Elephantidae) and several extinct families. First described by J. Illiger in 1811, it encompasses the elephants and their close relatives. From the mid-Miocene onwards, most proboscideans were very large. The largest land mammal of all time may have been a proboscidean; ''Palaeoloxodon namadicus'' was up to at the shoulder and may have weighed up to , almost double the weight of some sauropods like ''Diplodocus carnegii''. The largest extant proboscidean is the African bush elephant, with a record of size of at the shoulder and . In addition to their enormous size, later proboscideans are distinguished by tusks and long, muscular trunks, which were less developed or absent in early proboscideans. Three species of elephant are currently recognised: the African bush elephant, the African forest elephant, and the Asian elephant. Elephantidae is the only surviving family of the or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mammutidae
Mammutidae is an extinct family of proboscideans that appeared during the Oligocene epoch and survived until the start of the Holocene. The family was first described in 1922, classifying fossil specimens of the type genus ''Mammut'' (mastodons), and has since been placed in various arrangements of the order. The name "mastodon" derives from Greek, "nipple" and "tooth", as with the genus, referring to a characteristic that distinguishes them from allied families. The genus ''Zygolophodon'' has also been assigned to this family. Mammutids ranged very widely, with fossils found in North America, Africa, and throughout Eurasia. Discoveries Since the 18th century several fossils have been found in different regions of Venezuela; the first one of these fossils was reviewed by Alexander von Humboldt. In August 2008, miners in Romania unearthed the skeleton of a 2.5-million-year-old mastodon, believed to be one of the best preserved in Europe. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene is preceded by the Oligocene and is followed by the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regionally defined boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, the Arabian Peninsula collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean, and allowing a faunal interchange to occur between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans into Eurasia. During the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladogram
A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to descendants, nor does it show how much they have changed, so many differing evolutionary trees can be consistent with the same cladogram. A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade, a group of organisms with a last common ancestor. There are many shapes of cladograms but they all have lines that branch off from other lines. The lines can be traced back to where they branch off. These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor (not an actual entity) which can be inferred to exhibit the traits shared among the terminal taxa above it. This hypothetical ancestor might then provide clues about the order of evolution of various features, adaptation, and other evolutionary narratives about ance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fossils Of China
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood and DNA remnants. The totality of fossils is known as the ''fossil record''. Paleontology is the study of fossils: their age, method of formation, and evolutionary significance. Specimens are usually considered to be fossils if they are over 10,000 years old. The oldest fossils are around 3.48 billion years old to 4.1 billion years old. Early edition, published online before print. The observation in the 19th century that certain fossils were associated with certain rock strata led to the recognition of a geological timescale and the relative ages of different fossils. The development of radiometric dating techniques in the early 20th century allowed scientists to quantitatively measure the absolute ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mastodons
A mastodon ( 'breast' + 'tooth') is any proboscidean belonging to the extinct genus ''Mammut'' (family Mammutidae). Mastodons inhabited North and Central America during the late Miocene or late Pliocene up to their extinction at the end of the Pleistocene 10,000 to 11,000 years ago. They lived in herds and were predominantly forest-dwelling animals. They generally had a browsing diet, distinct from that of the contemporary Columbian mammoth, which tended towards grazing. ''M. americanum'', the American mastodon, and ''M. pacificus'', the Pacific mastodon, are the youngest and best-known species of the genus. Mastodons disappeared from North America as part of a mass extinction of most of the Pleistocene megafauna, widely believed to have been caused by a combination of climate changes at the end of the Pleistocene and overexploitation by Paleo-Indians. History A Dutch tenant farmer found the first recorded remnant of ''Mammut'', a tooth some in weight, in the village of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fossil Taxa Described In 2016
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood and DNA remnants. The totality of fossils is known as the ''fossil record''. Paleontology is the study of fossils: their age, method of formation, and evolutionary significance. Specimens are usually considered to be fossils if they are over 10,000 years old. The oldest fossils are around 3.48 billion years old to 4.1 billion years old. Early edition, published online before print. The observation in the 19th century that certain fossils were associated with certain rock strata led to the recognition of a geological timescale and the relative ages of different fossils. The development of radiometric dating techniques in the early 20th century allowed scientists to quantitatively measure the abso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Losodokodon
''Losodokodon'' is an extinct genus of large herbivorous mammals belonging to the family Mammutidae. It was first described in 2009 by David Tab Rasmussen and Mercedes Gutiérrez from fossils found in the Erageleit Formation of northwestern Kenya. ''Losodokodon'' lived during the Late Oligocene The Chattian is, in the geologic timescale, the younger of two ages or upper of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between . The Chattian is preceded by the Rupelian and is followed by the Aquitanian (the lowest stage ..., between 27 and 24 million years ago. References Mastodons Prehistoric placental genera Oligocene mammals of Africa Fossils of Kenya Fossil taxa described in 2009 {{paleo-proboscidean-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zygolophodon
''Zygolophodon'' is an extinct genus of African, Asian, and European mammutid that lived from the Miocene to the Late Pliocene. Taxonomy ''Zygolophodon'' belongs in the family Mammutidae, whose best known member is the American mastodon. ''Zygolophodon tapiroides'' and ''Z. turicensis'' are known from the Early-Middle Miocene of Europe, while ''Z. aegyptensis'' is known from the Early Miocene of Egypt, while ''Z. lufengensis'', ''Z. chinjiensis'', and ''Z. nemonguensis'' have been found in Miocene deposits in East Asia. '' Miomastodon'' was previously synonymized with ''Zygolophodon'', but is apparently a distinct genus similar to ''Gomphotherium ''Gomphotherium'' (; "welded beast") is an extinct genus of proboscids from the Neogene and early Pleistocene of Eurasia, Africa, North America and Asia. As of 2021, two species, ''G. annectens'' and possibly ''G. subtapiroideum'', are also k ...'' in having bunodont cheek teeth. References Mastodons Miocene proboscidea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eozygodon
''Eozygodon'' is an extinct genus of proboscidean in the family Mammutidae. It is known from the Early Miocene The Early Miocene (also known as Lower Miocene) is a sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch made up of two stages: the Aquitanian and Burdigalian stages. The sub-epoch lasted from 23.03 ± 0.05 Ma to 15.97 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago). It was prece ... of Africa. References Mastodons Prehistoric placental genera Fossil taxa described in 1983 Miocene mammals of Africa {{paleo-proboscidean-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
