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Shoshin
''Shoshin'' ( ja, text=初心) is a concept from Zen Buddhism meaning beginner's mind. It refers to having an attitude of openness, eagerness, and lack of preconceptions when studying, even at an advanced level, just as a beginner would. The term is especially used in the study of Zen Buddhism and Japanese martial arts, and was popularized outside of Japan by Shunryū Suzuki's 1970 book ''Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind''. The practice of ''shoshin'' acts as a counter to the hubris and closed-mindedness often associated with thinking of oneself as an expert. This includes the Einstellung effect, where a person becomes so accustomed to a certain way of doing things that they do not consider or acknowledge new ideas or approaches. The word ''shoshin'' is a combination of ''sho'' ( ja, text=初, links=no), meaning "beginner" or "initial", and ''shin'' ( ja, text=心, links=no), meaning "mind". History The concept was taught in the thirteenth century by Dōgen Zenji, the founder of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bushidō
is a moral code concerning samurai attitudes, behavior and lifestyle. There are multiple bushido types which evolved significantly through history. Contemporary forms of bushido are still used in the social and economic organization of Japan. ''Bushido'' is also used as an overarching term for all the codes, practices, philosophies and principles of samurai culture. It is loosely analogous to the European concept of chivalry, but there are major differences. Origin Bushido formalized earlier samurai moral values and ethical code, most commonly stressing a combination of sincerity, frugality, loyalty, martial arts mastery and honour until death. Born from Neo-Confucianism during times of peace in the Edo period (1603–1868) and following Confucian texts, while also being influenced by Shinto and Zen Buddhism, it allowed the violent existence of the samurai to be tempered by wisdom, patience and serenity. Bushido developed between the 16th and 20th centuries, debated by pun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daidōji Yūzan
was a samurai and military strategist of Edo period Japan. He was born in Fushimi in Yamashiro Province (present-day Fushimi-ku, Kyoto). Among the works he wrote in his late years was the widely circulated , an introduction to warrior ethics that was influential among middle- and lower-class samurai. It has been translated into English by Arthur Lindsay Sadler as ''The Code of the Samurai'' (1941; 1988), William Scott Wilson as ''Budoshoshinshu: The Warrior's Primer'' and by Thomas Cleary.''The Code of the Samurai: A Modern Translation of the Bushido Shoshinshu of Taira Shigesuke'', translated by Thomas Cleary. . Yūzan was the son of Daidōji Shigehisa (大道寺繁久), the grandson of Daidōji Naoshige ( 大道寺直繁) and the great-grandson of Daidōji Masashige ( 大道寺政繁), an important advisor to the Later Hōjō clan. Shigehisa had been a samurai in the service of Matsudaira Tadateru, ''daimyō'' of the Echigo Takada fief, but became a ''rōnin'' in 1619 when T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shunryū Suzuki
Shunryu Suzuki (鈴木 俊隆 ''Suzuki Shunryū'', dharma name ''Shōgaku Shunryū'' 祥岳俊隆, often called Suzuki Roshi; May 18, 1904 – December 4, 1971) was a Sōtō Zen monk and teacher who helped popularize Zen Buddhism in the United States, and is renowned for founding the first Zen Buddhist monastery outside Asia (Tassajara Zen Mountain Center). Suzuki founded San Francisco Zen Center which, along with its affiliate temples, comprises one of the most influential Zen organizations in the United States. A book of his teachings, ''Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind'', is one of the most popular books on Zen and Buddhism in the West. Biography Childhood Shunryu Suzuki was born May 18, 1904, in Kanagawa Prefecture southwest of Tokyo, Japan. His father, Butsumon Sogaku Suzuki, was the abbot of the village Soto Zen temple. His mother, Yone, was the daughter of a priest and had been divorced from her first husband for being too independent. Shunryu grew up with an older half-broth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind
''Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind'' is a book of teachings by Shunryu Suzuki, a compilation of talks given to his satellite Zen center in Los Altos, California. Published in 1970 by Weatherhill, the book is not academic, but contains frank and direct transcriptions of Suzuki's talks recorded by his student Marian Derby. Trudy Dixon and Richard Baker (Baker was Suzuki's successor) edited the talks by choosing those most relevant, arranging them into chapters. According to some, it has become a spiritual classic,helping readers to steer clear from the trap of intellectualism. Bodhin Kjolhede, Abbot of the Rochester Zen Center, writes that, together with Philip Kapleau's ''The Three Pillars of Zen'' (1965), it is one of the two most influential books on Zen in the west. See also *Buddhism in the United States *San Francisco Zen Center *Shoshin *Timeline of Zen Buddhism in the United States Below is a timeline of important events regarding Zen Buddhism in the United States. Dates wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Einstellung Effect
Einstellung () is the development of a mechanized state of mind. Often called a problem solving set, Einstellung refers to a person's predisposition to solve a given problem in a specific manner even though better or more appropriate methods of solving the problem exist. The Einstellung effect is the negative effect of previous experience when solving new problems. The Einstellung effect has been tested experimentally in many different contexts. The most famous example (which led to the coining of the term by Abraham S. Luchins and Edith Hirsch, Edith Hirsch Luchins) is the Luchins water jar experiment, in which subjects were asked to solve a series of water pouring puzzle, water jar problems. After solving many problems which had the same solution, subjects applied the same solution to later problems even though a simpler solution existed (Luchins, 1942).. Other experiments on the Einstellung effect can be found in ''The Effect of Einstellung on Compositional Processes'' and ''Ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zanshin
''Zanshin'' ( ja, 残心) is a state of awareness, of relaxed alertness, in Japanese martial arts. A literal translation of ''zanshin'' is "remaining mind"."One arrow, one life: Zen, archery, enlightenment" by Kenneth Kushner , 2000, page 73 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fudōshin
''Fudōshin'' ( ja, 不動心) is a state of equanimity or imperturbability (literally and metaphorically, "immovable mind",Davey, H.E. (2006). Japanese Yoga: The Way of Dynamic Meditation' Berkeley, USA. . "immovable heart" or "unmoving heart"). It is a philosophical or mental dimension to Japanese martial arts which contributes to the effectiveness of the advanced practitioner. is found in as a guardian deity, (and of |
Mushin (mental State)
''Mushin'' in Japanese and ''Wuxin'' in Chinese (無心 "no mind") is a mental state. Zen and Daoist meditators attempt to reach this state, as well as artists and trained martial artists. They also practice this mental state during everyday activities.. Etymology The term contains the character for negation, "not" or "without" ( 無), along with the character for heart-mind ( 心). The term is shortened from , a Zen expression meaning ''the mind without mind'' and is also referred to as the state of "no-mindness". That is, a mind not fixed or occupied by thought or emotion and thus open to everything. It is translated by D.T. Suzuki as "being free from mind-attachment". Description ''Mushin'' is achieved when a person's mind is free from thoughts of anger, fear, or ego during combat or everyday life. There is an absence of discursive thought and judgment, so the person is totally free to act and react towards an opponent without hesitation and without disturbance from such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Martial Arts
Japanese martial arts refers to the variety of martial arts native to the country of Japan. At least three Japanese terms (''budō'', ''bujutsu'', and ''bugei'') are used interchangeably with the English phrase Japanese martial arts. The usage of the term ''budō'' (武道) to mean martial arts is a modern one: historically the term meant a way of life encompassing physical, spiritual and moral dimensions with a focus on self-improvement, fulfillment or personal growth. The terms ''bujutsu'' (武術) and ''bugei'' (武芸) have different meanings from ''budō'', at least historically speaking. ''Bujutsu'' refers specifically to the practical application of martial tactics and techniques in actual combat. ''Bugei'' refers to the adaptation or refinement of those tactics and techniques to facilitate systematic instruction and dissemination within a formal learning environment. History The historical origin of Japanese martial arts can be found in the warrior traditio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steve Jobs
Steven Paul Jobs (February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, industrial designer, media proprietor, and investor. He was the co-founder, chairman, and CEO of Apple; the chairman and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT. He is widely recognized as a pioneer of the personal computer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s, along with his early business partner and fellow Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak. Jobs was born in San Francisco to a Syrian father and German-American mother. He was adopted shortly after his birth. Jobs attended Reed College in 1972 before withdrawing that same year. In 1974, he traveled through India seeking enlightenment before later studying Zen Buddhism. He and Wozniak co-founded Apple in 1976 to sell Wozniak's Apple I personal computer. Together the duo gained fame and wealth a year later with produ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apple Inc
Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, United States. Apple is the largest technology company by revenue (totaling in 2021) and, as of June 2022, is the world's biggest company by market capitalization, the fourth-largest personal computer vendor by unit sales and second-largest mobile phone manufacturer. It is one of the Big Five American information technology companies, alongside Alphabet, Amazon, Meta, and Microsoft. Apple was founded as Apple Computer Company on April 1, 1976, by Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs and Ronald Wayne to develop and sell Wozniak's Apple I personal computer. It was incorporated by Jobs and Wozniak as Apple Computer, Inc. in 1977 and the company's next computer, the Apple II, became a best seller and one of the first mass-produced microcomputers. Apple went public in 1980 to instant financial success. The company developed computers featuring innovative graphical user inter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fast Company
''Fast Company'' is a monthly American business magazine published in print and online that focuses on technology, business, and design. It publishes six print issues per year. History ''Fast Company'' was launched in November 1995 by Alan Webber and Bill Taylor (businessman), Bill Taylor, two former ''Harvard Business Review'' editors, and publisher Mortimer Zuckerman. The publication's early competitors included ''Red Herring (magazine), Red Herring'', ''Business 2.0'' and ''The Industry Standard''. In 1997, ''Fast Company'' created an online social network, the "Company of Friends" which spawned a number of groups that began meeting. At one point the Company of Friends had over 40,000 members in 120 cities, although by 2003 that number had declined to 8,000. In 2000, Zuckerman sold ''Fast Company'' to Gruner + Jahr, majority owned by media giant Bertelsmann, for $550 million. Just as the sale was completed, the dot-com bubble burst, leading to significant losses and a decli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
