Short-toed Lark

	Short-toed Lark Short-toed lark refers to a number of species of lark: * Asian short-toed lark (''Alaudala cheleensis''), found from south-central to eastern Asia * Greater short-toed lark (''Calandrella brachydactyla''), found in Europe, northern Africa and Asia * Hume's short-toed lark (''Calandrella acutirostris''), found in south-central Asia * Mediterranean short-toed lark (''Alaudala rufescens''), found in Europe, northern Africa and Asia * Turkestan short-toed lark (''Alaudala rufescens''), found in Europe, northern Africa and Asia * Mongolian short-toed lark (or, Syke's short-toed lark; ''Calandrella dukhunensis''), found in India and western China * Rufous short-toed lark, alternate name for Red-capped lark The red-capped lark (''Calandrella cinerea'') is a small passerine bird. This lark breeds in the highlands of eastern Africa southwards from Ethiopia and Somaliland. In the south, its range stretches across the continent to Angola and south to t ... (''Calandrella cinerea''), f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Lark Larks are passerine birds of the family Alaudidae. Larks have a cosmopolitan distribution with the largest number of species occurring in Africa. Only a single species, the horned lark, occurs in North America, and only Horsfield's bush lark occurs in Australia. Habitats vary widely, but many species live in dry regions. When the word "lark" is used without specification, it often refers to the Eurasian skylark ''(Alauda arvensis)''. Taxonomy and systematics The family Alaudidae was introduced in 1825 by the Irish zoologist Nicholas Aylward Vigors as a subfamily Alaudina of the finch family Fringillidae. Larks are a well-defined family, partly because of the shape of their . They have multiple scutes on the hind side of their tarsi, rather than the single plate found in most songbirds. They also lack a pessulus, the bony central structure in the syrinx of songbirds. They were long placed at or near the beginning of the songbirds or oscines (now often called Passeri), just afte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Asian Short-toed Lark The Asian short-toed lark (''Alaudala cheleensis'') is a lark in the family Alaudidae. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1871. It is found from south-central to eastern Asia. Taxonomy and systematics Formerly or presently, some authorities have considered the Asian short-toed lark to belong to the genus ''Calandrella'' or to be a subspecies of the lesser short-toed lark. Alternate names for the Asian short-toed lark include the Asiatic short-toed lark, eastern short-toed lark (a name also used by the steppe greater short-toed lark), grey short-toed lark, Mongolian short-toed lark (not to be confused with the species of the same name, Calandrella dukhunensis), salined lark and salt-marsh lark. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2020 compared the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA from the sand, Asian short-toed, and Mediterranean short-toed larks. The study analysed samples from 130 individuals that represented 16 of the 18 recognised subspecies. The re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Greater Short-toed Lark The greater short-toed lark (''Calandrella brachydactyla'') is a small passerine bird. The current scientific name is from Ancient Greek. The genus name, ''Calandrella'', is a diminutive of ''kalandros'', the calandra lark, and ''brachydactila'' is from ''brakhus'', "short", and ''daktulos'', "toe". It breeds in southern Europe, north-west Africa, and across the Palearctic from Turkey and southern Russia to Mongolia. During migration they form large, tight flocks that move in unison; at other times they form loose flocks. Taxonomy and systematics The greater short-toed lark was described by the German naturalist Johann Leisler in 1814 and given the binomial name ''Alauda brachydactila''. This lark is now placed in the genus ''Calandrella'' that was established by another German naturalist, Johann Jakob Kaup, in 1829. The specific name ''brachydactyla'' is from the Ancient Greek βραχυδακτυλος ''brakhudaktulos'' "short-toed" from ''brakhus'' "short" and ''daktul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Hume's Short-toed Lark Hume's short-toed lark (''Calandrella acutirostris'') is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae. It is found in south-central Asia from Iran and Kazakhstan to China. Taxonomy and systematics The name commemorates the British naturalist Allan Octavian Hume who described the species. The alternate name short-toed lark may also be used for three other species in the genus ''Calandrella''. The alternate name lesser short-toed lark should not be confused with the species of the same name, ''Alaudala rufescens''. Other alternate names for Hume's short-toed lark include Hume's lark and Karakoram short-toed lark. Subspecies Two subspecies are recognized: * ''C. a. acutirostris'' - Allan Octavian Hume, Hume, 1873: Found from north-eastern Iran and eastern Kazakhstan to western China * Tibet short-toed lark (''C. a. tibetana'') - William Edwin Brooks, Brooks, WE, 1880: Originally described as a separate species. Found from north-eastern Pakistan to Tibetan Plateau Description Hume' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Mediterranean Short-toed Lark The Mediterranean short-toed lark (''Alaudala rufescens'') is a small passerine bird found in and around the Mediterranean Basin. It is a common bird with a very wide range from Canary Islands north to the Iberian Peninsula and east throughout North Africa to parts of the Middle East. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern". Its range was also previously thought to include parts of Central Asia, and with the Mediterranean and Central Asian clades combined the species was referred to as the lesser short-toed lark. However, a 2020 study split these two populations into distinct species, with ''A. rufescens'' being the Mediterranean clade and '' A. heinei'' being the Central Asian clade. Confusingly, Hume's short-toed lark is also sometimes called the lesser short-toed lark. Taxonomy and systematics The Mediterranean short-toed lark was originally described as belonging to the genus ''Alauda''. The genus name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Turkestan Short-toed Lark The Turkestan short-toed lark (''Alaudala heinei'') is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae. It is found in Ukraine and central Turkey through parts of Central Asia and southern Siberia west to south-central Mongolia and south to southern Afghanistan. This species and the Mediterranean short-toed lark (''A. rufescens'') were formerly considered conspecific and called the lesser short-toed lark The lesser short-toed lark has been split into two species: * Mediterranean short-toed lark, ''Alaudala rufescens'' * Turkestan short-toed lark The Turkestan short-toed lark (''Alaudala heinei'') is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae. It ..., but a 2020 study recovered them as distinct species. Subspecies Four subspecies are recognized: * ''A. h. pseudobaetica'' - ( Stegmann, 1932): Found in eastern Turkey, Transcaucasia and northern Iran * ''A. h. heinei'' - ( Homeyer, 1873): Found from Ukraine to eastern Kazakhstan * ''A. h. aharonii'' - (Hartert, 1910): Found ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Mongolian Short-toed Lark The Mongolian short-toed lark or Sykes's short-toed lark (''Calandrella dukhunensis'') is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae. It breeds in China and Mongolia and winters in southern Asia. Taxonomy and systematics The Mongolian short-toed lark was originally placed in the genus '' Alauda''. It was then considered as a subspecies of the morphologically similar greater short-toed lark, but recent analyses of both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA showed that it was more closely related to Hume's short-toed lark. It was split in 2016 by the IOC, although not all other authorities have recognized this re-classification to date. Additionally, some authorities considered the Mongolian short-toed lark to be a subspecies of the red-capped lark. The name 'Mongolian short-toed lark' is also used as an alternate name for the Asian short-toed lark. The alternate name short-toed lark may also be used for three other species in the genus ''Calandrella''. Description The Mongolian short-toe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Red-capped Lark The red-capped lark (''Calandrella cinerea'') is a small passerine bird. This lark breeds in the highlands of eastern Africa southwards from Ethiopia and Somaliland. In the south, its range stretches across the continent to Angola and south to the Cape of Good Hope, Cape in South Africa. Taxonomy and systematics The red-capped lark was originally placed in the genus ''Alauda''. Alternate names for the red-capped lark include rufous short-toed lark and short-toed lark, although the former may also describe the Somali short-toed lark and the latter is also used as an alternate name for three other species in the genus ''Calandrella''. Formerly, some authorities considered both the Mongolian short-toed lark (as ''C. c. dukhunensis'') and Erlanger's lark (as ''C. c. erlangeri'' or ''C. c. ruficeps'') to be subspecies of the red-capped lark . Additionally, some authorities considered the red-capped lark itself to be either conspecific with or as a subspecies of the greater short-toed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]