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Shaykh Muhammad Sarwar
Shaykh Muhammad Sarwar (Arabic: محمد سرور), is a Pakistani-born American Islamic scholar specializing in Islamic theology and philosophy. He is also known as the first representative of the late Ayatollah Abul-Qasim al-Khoei to the Shia Muslims of North America. His works include the first contemporary English translation of the Quran (1982), currently its sixth edition (2011), and books about Islam. In recent years, his primary focus has been the translation of Islamic ahadith from Kitab al-Kafi (eight volumes) and Bihar al-Anwar. Education 1963 Mashad Seminary, Iran. Lagha and Basic Aqaid. 1964-1967 Jamia Imamia Nazim, Karachi, Pakistan. He studied the topics of Mantiq, Tafsir al-Quran, `Ulum al-Quran, Tarikh, Aqid, Kalam, Lugha and Falsafa. The principal at the time was Muhammad Mustafa Jauhar. He also studied Arabic languages at Karachi University. 1968-1969 Qom Seminary, Iran. Study of Usul. 1969-1975 Hawza `ilmiyya Najaf (Seminary of Najaf), Iraq. He resumed stu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brackets
A bracket is either of two tall fore- or back-facing punctuation marks commonly used to isolate a segment of text or data from its surroundings. Typically deployed in symmetric pairs, an individual bracket may be identified as a 'left' or 'right' bracket or, alternatively, an "opening bracket" or "closing bracket", respectively, depending on the Writing system#Directionality, directionality of the context. Specific forms of the mark include parentheses (also called "rounded brackets"), square brackets, curly brackets (also called 'braces'), and angle brackets (also called 'chevrons'), as well as various less common pairs of symbols. As well as signifying the overall class of punctuation, the word "bracket" is commonly used to refer to a specific form of bracket, which varies from region to region. In most English-speaking countries, an unqualified word "bracket" refers to the parenthesis (round bracket); in the United States, the square bracket. Glossary of mathematical sym ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scholar Of Islam
In Islam, the ''ulama'' (; ar, علماء ', singular ', "scholar", literally "the learned ones", also spelled ''ulema''; feminine: ''alimah'' ingularand ''aalimath'' lural are the guardians, transmitters, and interpreters of religious knowledge in Islam, including Islamic doctrine and law. By longstanding tradition, ulama are educated in religious institutions ''(madrasas)''. The Quran and sunnah (authentic hadith) are the scriptural sources of traditional Islamic law. Traditional way of education Students do not associate themselves with a specific educational institution, but rather seek to join renowned teachers. By tradition, a scholar who has completed his studies is approved by his teacher. At the teacher's individual discretion, the student is given the permission for teaching and for the issuing of legal opinions ''(fatwa)''. The official approval is known as the '' ijazat at-tadris wa 'l-ifta'' ("license to teach and issue legal opinions"). Through time, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011. Having emerged in the 1st century, it is named after the Arabs, Arab people; the term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece. Since the 7th century, Arabic has been characterized by diglossia, with an opposition between a standard Prestige (sociolinguistics), prestige language—i.e., Literary Arabic: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Classical Arabic—and diverse vernacular varieties, which serve as First language, mother tongues. Colloquial dialects vary significantly from MSA, impeding mutual intelligibility. MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abul-Qasim Al-Khoei
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Abu al-Qasim al-Musawi al-Khoei ( ; ar, أبو القاسم الموسوي الخوئي; fa, ; November 19, 1899 – August 8, 1992) was an Iranian- Iraqi Shia marja'. Al-Khoei is considered one of the most influential twelver scholars. After the death of Muhsin al-Hakim, he became the spiritual leader of much of the Shia world until his death in 1992. He was succeeded briefly by Abd al-A'la al-Sabziwari, until his death in 1993. Then his former student, Ali al-Sistani, took leadership of the seminary, whereby many of his followers became followers of al-Sistani. Biography Al Khoei was born in the Iranian city of Khoy, West Azerbaijan province in 1899, Khoei grew up in Iran. Around the age of 13, along with his older brother, Abdullah, he moved to Iraq and took up residence in the holy city of Najaf where he began studying Shia theology with the scholars of that city. He eventually attained the rank of Ayatollah and was subsequently made a marja. Kho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahadith
Ḥadīth ( or ; ar, حديث, , , , , , , literally "talk" or "discourse") or Athar ( ar, أثر, , literally "remnant"/"effect") refers to what the majority of Muslims believe to be a record of the words, actions, and the silent approval of the Islamic prophet Muhammad as transmitted through chains of narrators. In other words, the ḥadīth are transmitted reports attributed to what Muhammad said and did. Hadith have been called by some as "the backbone" of Islamic civilization, J.A.C. Brown, ''Misquoting Muhammad'', 2014: p.6 and for many the authority of hadith as a source for religious law and moral guidance ranks second only to that of the Quran (which Muslims hold to be the word of God revealed to Muhammad). Most Muslims believe that scriptural authority for hadith comes from the Quran, which enjoins Muslims to emulate Muhammad and obey his judgements (in verses such as , ). While the number of verses pertaining to law in the Quran is relatively few, hadith are co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kitab Al-Kafi
''Al-Kafi'' ( ar, ٱلْكَافِي, ', literally "''The Sufficient''") is a Twelver Shia hadith collection compiled by Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni. It is divided into three sections: ''Uṣūl al-Kāfī'', dealing with epistemology, theology, history, ethics, supplication, and the Qurʾān, ''Furūʿ al-Kāfī'', which is concerned with practical and legal issues, and ''Rawdat'' (or'' Rauda'') ''al-Kāfī'', which includes miscellaneous traditions, many of which are lengthy letters and speeches transmitted from the Imāms. In total, ''al-Kāfī'' comprises 16,199 narrations.http://www.al-islam.org/al-tawhid/kafi/1.htm Hadith al-Kafi Contents ''Usul (Fundamentals) al-Kafi'' The first eight books of al-Kāfī are commonly referred to as Uṣūl al-kāfī. The first type-set edition of the al-Kāfī, which was published in eight volumes, placed Uṣūl al-kāfī in the first two volumes. Generally speaking, Uṣūl al-kāfī contains traditions that deal with epistemology, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bihar Al-Anwar
''Bihar al-Anwar'' ( ar, بِحَار ٱلْأَنْوَار, lit. ''Seas of Lights'') is a comprehensive collection of traditions (''ahadith'') compiled by Shia scholar Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi (d. 1110/1698), known as ''Allama Majlisi''. It is a hadith collection as the secondary source used beside The Four Books, the four books. Bihar al-Anwar which a compendium of Hadiths, historical subjects and commentaries on many Qur'anic verses, completed between 1106 AH (1694 AD) and 1110 AH (1698 AD). Title The full name of the book, ''Biḥār al-ʾAnwār al-Jāmiʿah li-Durar ʾAkhbār al-ʾAʾimmah al-Aṭhār'' ( ar, بِحَار ٱلْأَنْوَار ٱلْجَامِعَة لِدُرَر أَخْبَار ٱلَأَئِمَّة ٱلْأَطْهَار) (lit. ''Seas of Lights: The Collection for Pearls of Traditions of the Pure Imams'') illustrates that Majlisi did not collect anything he had access to in the book. Author Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi was born in 1617 in Isfahan. He was a stu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Mustafa Jauhar
Muhammad Mustafa Jauhar ( ur, ) (10 May 1895 – 24 October 1985) was a Pakistani scholar, religious leader, public speaker, poet and philosopher. Biography Jauhar was born in Bihar, India. He was the eldest son of Hakeem Muhammad Muslim, who used to run his clinic in Bhagalpur during 1910, where Jauhar studied in an English School. Later he gained admission to Sultanul Madaris, and completed his education from Sultanul Madaris Lucknow in 1923. Madrassa Abbasia (Patna, British India) Madrassa Abbasia was inaugurated in 1923 by Muhammad Baqir. Jauhar was appointed as its first Naib Mudarris-e-Alla in August 1925. He became Mudarris-e-Alla of the madrassa in January 1926. He called Abul Hassan to Patna and appointed him as the Naib Mudarris-e- Alla in the Madrassa. English Jauhar had a good command of the English language. Once, when he was afflicted with an itching skin disease, he felt that he could not remain ritually pure, so he restrained himself from studying the Qur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karachi University
The University of Karachi ( sd, ; informally Karachi University, KU, or UoK) is a public research university located in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Established in June 1951 by an act of Parliament and as a successor to the University of Sindh (which is now located in Jamshoro), the university is a "Sindh Government University" and designed by Mohsin Baig as its chief architect. With a total student body of 41,000 full-time students and a campus size spanning over 1200 acres, Karachi University is one of the largest universities in Pakistan with a distinguished reputation for multi-disciplinary research in science and technology, medical, and social sciences. The university has over 53 Departments and 19 research institutes operating under nine faculties. There are over 893 academics and more than 2500 supporting staff working for the university. In 2008, the university was named for the first time by ''THE-QS World University Rankings'' among the top 600 universities in the worl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qom Seminary
The Qom Seminary () is the largest Islamic seminary (''hawza'') in Iran, established in 1922 by Grand Ayatollah Abdul-Karim Haeri Yazdi in Qom. It trains Usuli scholars. History Although big Shi'a academies existed in Qom dating back as early as 10th century CE, the hawza of the city became prominent at the time of the Safavids when Shi'a Islam became the official religion of Iran. The famous teachers of that era included Mulla Sadra and Shaykh Bahai. The modern Qom hawza was revitalized by Abdul Karim Haeri Yazdi and Grand Ayatollah Borujerdi and is barely a century old. There are nearly three hundred thousand clerics in Iran’s seminaries. Grand Ayatollah Hossein Vahid Khorasani currently heads the Qom Seminary. Law school Because Sharia is legally binding in Iran, the Qom seminary also functions as a law school in Iran. Ebrahim Raisi, the former Chief Justice of the Islamic republic of Iran, is one of the more prominent alumni of the Qom seminary. All judges in the Is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu-al-Qasim Al-Khoei
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Abu al-Qasim al-Musawi al-Khoei ( ; ar, أبو القاسم الموسوي الخوئي; fa, ; November 19, 1899 – August 8, 1992) was an Iranian- Iraqi Shia marja'. Al-Khoei is considered one of the most influential twelver scholars. After the death of Muhsin al-Hakim, he became the spiritual leader of much of the Shia world until his death in 1992. He was succeeded briefly by Abd al-A'la al-Sabziwari, until his death in 1993. Then his former student, Ali al-Sistani, took leadership of the seminary, whereby many of his followers became followers of al-Sistani. Biography Al Khoei was born in the Iranian city of Khoy, West Azerbaijan province in 1899, Khoei grew up in Iran. Around the age of 13, along with his older brother, Abdullah, he moved to Iraq and took up residence in the holy city of Najaf where he began studying Shia theology with the scholars of that city. He eventually attained the rank of Ayatollah and was subsequently made a marja. Kho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kataeb
The Kataeb Party ( ar, حزب الكتائب اللبنانية '), also known in English as the Phalanges, is a Christian political party in Lebanon. The party played a major role in the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990). In decline in the late 1980s and 1990s, the party slowly re-emerged in the early 2000s and is currently part of the March 14 Alliance. The party currently holds 4 out of the 128 seats in the Lebanese Parliament. Names The Lebanese Phalanges Party is also known as ' in French and either ''Kataeb'' ( ') or ''Phalangist Party'' ( ') in Arabic. ''Kataeb'' is the plural of ''Katiba'' which is a translation into Arabic of the Greek word phalanx ("battalion") which is also the origin of the Spanish term ''Falange''. In 2021, the party changed its official name to "The Kataeb Party – Lebanese Social Democratic Party" ( ar, حزب الكتائب اللبنانيّة – الحزب الديمقراطي الاجتماعي اللبناني, ''Hiẓb al-Katā'ib al-Lu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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