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Senthang Language
Senthang (Sethang Chin) is a Kuki-Chin-Mizo language of Burma. The Senthang dialects share 79% to 95% lexical similarity. Geographical distribution Senthang is spoken in the following locations ('' Ethnologue''). * Hakha township, Chin State *Thantlang township, Chin State (2 villages) * Gangaw township, Magway Region (15 villages) *Kalemyo township, Sagaing Region Sagaing Region ( my, စစ်ကိုင်းတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, ; formerly Sagaing Division) is an administrative region of Myanmar, located in the north-western part of the country between latitude 21° 30' north and lon ... (2 villages) VanBik (2009:55)VanBik, Kenneth. 2009. ''Proto-Kuki-Chin: A Reconstructed Ancestor of the Kuki-Chin Languages''. STEDT Monograph 8. . lists the following Senthang villages: Buan Lung, Bung Tuah, Bung Zung, Chawn Cum, Cin Tlang, Dong Va, Dum Va, Hau Sen, Kei Zuan, Khua Pi, Lang Pho, Lei Um, Li Chia, Lung Hau, Lung Rang, Lung Tar, Phai Pha, Phai Zawng, Sak T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burma
Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explains, the English spellings of both Myanmar and Burma assume a non-rhotic variety of English, in which the letter r before a consonant or finally serves merely to indicate a long vowel: mjænmɑː, ˈbɜːmə So the pronunciation of the last syllable of Myanmar as ɑːror of Burma as ɜːrməby some speakers in the UK and most speakers in North America is in fact a spelling pronunciation based on a misunderstanding of non-rhotic spelling conventions. The final ''r'' in ''Myanmar'' was not intended for pronunciation and is there to ensure that the final a is pronounced with the broad ''ah'' () in "father". If the Burmese name my, မြန်မာ, label=none were spelled "Myanma" in English, this would be pronounced at the end by all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibeto-Burman Languages
The Tibeto-Burman languages are the non-Sinitic members of the Sino-Tibetan language family, over 400 of which are spoken throughout the Southeast Asian Massif ("Zomia") as well as parts of East Asia and South Asia. Around 60 million people speak Tibeto-Burman languages. The name derives from the most widely spoken of these languages, Burmese and the Tibetic languages, which also have extensive literary traditions, dating from the 12th and 7th centuries respectively. Most of the other languages are spoken by much smaller communities, and many of them have not been described in detail. Though the division of Sino-Tibetan into Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman branches (e.g. Benedict, Matisoff) is widely used, some historical linguists criticize this classification, as the non-Sinitic Sino-Tibetan languages lack any shared innovations in phonology or morphology to show that they comprise a clade of the phylogenetic tree. History During the 18th century, several scholars noticed parallels ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuki-Chin Languages
The Kuki-Chin languages (also called Kuki-Chin-Mizo, Kukish or South-Central Tibeto-Burman languages) are a branch of 50 or so Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in northeastern India, western Myanmar and southeastern Bangladesh. Most speakers of these languages are known as Mizo in Mizoram and Manipur. Also, as Kukī in Assamese and Bengali and as Chin in Burmese; some also identify as Zomi. Mizo is the most widely spoken of the Kuki-Chin languages. Kuki-Chin is sometimes placed under Kuki-Chin–Naga, a geographical rather than linguistic grouping. Most Kuki-Chin languages are spoken in and around Chin State, Myanmar, with some languages spoken in Sagaing Division, Magway Region and Rakhine State as well. In Northeast India, many Northern Kuki-Chin languages are also spoken in Mizoram State and Manipur State of India, especially in Churachandpur District, Pherzawl District, Kangpokpi District, Senapati District. Northwestern Kuki-Chin languages are spoken mostly in Chandel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maraic Languages
The Maraic languages are a branch of Kuki-Chin languages. Languages The Maraic languages are (VanBik 2009:23): * Mara (Tlôsaih) *Lyvaw (Lochei and Chira) *Sizo (Chapi, Ngaphe and Sabyu) * Lutuv (Lytu/Kahno) * Zophei (Vawngtu,Leitak) * Senthang * Zotung (Calthawng, Innmai, Lungngo) *Hlaipao (Vahapi yhno Heima and Lialai) Sound changes VanBik (2009) lists the following sound change A sound change, in historical linguistics, is a change in the pronunciation of a language. A sound change can involve the replacement of one speech sound (or, more generally, one phonetic feature value) by a different one (called phonetic chang ...s from Proto-Kuki-Chin to Proto-Maraic. *Proto-Kuki-Chin *-p, *-t, *-k > Proto-Maraic *-''ʔ'' *Proto-Kuki-Chin *-ʔ > Proto-Maraic ''zero'' *Proto-Kuki-Chin *-r, *-l > Proto-Maraic ''zero'' *Proto-Kuki-Chin *kr- > Proto-Maraic *''ts''- References *Peterson, David. 2017. "On Kuki-Chin subgrouping." In Picus Sizhi Ding and Jamin Pelkey, eds. ''Sociohistor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lexical Similarity
In linguistics, lexical similarity is a measure of the degree to which the word sets of two given languages are similar. A lexical similarity of 1 (or 100%) would mean a total overlap between vocabularies, whereas 0 means there are no common words. There are different ways to define the lexical similarity and the results vary accordingly. For example, '' Ethnologues method of calculation consists in comparing a regionally standardized wordlist (comparable to the Swadesh list) and counting those forms that show similarity in both form and meaning. Using such a method, English was evaluated to have a lexical similarity of 60% with German and 27% with French. Lexical similarity can be used to evaluate the degree of genetic relationship between two languages. Percentages higher than 85% usually indicate that the two languages being compared are likely to be related dialects. The lexical similarity is only one indication of the mutual intelligibility of the two languages, since the l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethnologue
''Ethnologue: Languages of the World'' (stylized as ''Ethnoloɠue'') is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world. It is the world's most comprehensive catalogue of languages. It was first issued in 1951, and is now published by SIL International, an American Christian non-profit organization. Overview and content ''Ethnologue'' has been published by SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics), a Christian linguistic service organization with an international office in Dallas, Texas. The organization studies numerous minority languages to facilitate language development, and to work with speakers of such language communities in translating portions of the Bible into their languages. Despite the Christian orientation of its publisher, ''Ethnologue'' isn't ideologically or theologically biased. ''Ethnologue'' includes alternative names and autonyms, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hakha
Hakha (, ; formerly rendered Haka) is the capital of Chin State in Myanmar. Hakha is located in the northeast of Chin State, with a total area of about . The city of Hakha is more than above sea level, founded on a small highland plateau. Although it is relatively small in land area, it is the largest city of Chin State, as well as its capital city, with the plateau significantly larger than that of other towns in Chin State. It is estimated that Hakha has enough land and full capacity to extend to as ten times its current township area. As Chin State is quite hilly, Hakha is built on the slope of a large mountain, in a U shape. There is only one main road running along the middle of the city, in a curved U, and the whole city is built along this road. Another road runs from the middle of the city, for a short while, forming the foot of U. Hakha is in the center of Chin State and it is connected with Thantlang, Falam, Gangaw, and Matupi by truck roads. History Hakha was found ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chin State
Chin State (, ) is a state in western Myanmar. The Chin State is bordered by Sagaing Division and Magway Division to the east, Rakhine State to the south, Bangladesh to the south-west, and the Indian states of Mizoram to the west and Manipur to the north. The population of Chin state is about 478,801 in 2014 census. The capital of the state is Hakha. The state is a mountainous region with few transportation links. Chin State is sparsely populated and remains one of the least developed areas of the country. Chin State has the highest poverty rate of 73% as per the released figures from the first official survey. The official radio broadcasting dialect of Chin is Falam. There are 53 different subtribes and languages in Chin State. There are nine townships in Chin State: Hakha, Thantlang, Falam, Tedim, Tonzang, Matupi, Mindat, Kanpetlet and Paletwa townships. In 1896, Mindat and Kanpetlet were placed under Pakokku Hill Tracts District of British Burma later emerged into Chin h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thantlang
Thantlang (, ; also Thlantlang or Htantlang in Burmese transliteration) is a town and the administrative center of Thantlang Township in Chin State, western Myanmar (formerly Burma). Names Thantlang was formerly known as Thlan Tlang ("Cemetery Hill") for the many cemeteries on the city's west side. In 1983, the People's Council officially changed the name of the town to "Thantlang" ("Famous Hill"). History In February 2021, the Burmese armed forces staged the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état. Thantlang became the site of major local resistance, between Chinland Defense Force, a local militia group formed in response to the coup, and the armed forces. In response, the Burmese military launched a major offensive. On 18 September, the military destroyed 18 buildings by shelling, leading to the exodus of thousands of residents. On 29 October, the Burmese military destroyed an additional 160 homes in the town, with collateral damage totaling USD $10-15 million. Over 10,000 Thantlang r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gangaw
Gangaw ( my, ဂန့်ဂေါမြို့, ) is a town of Gangaw Township in Gangaw District in the Magway Division in Myanmar. Gangaw is also known as the City of Yaw, a certain region in Myanmar including Gangaw (), Tilin (), Saw () and villages around them. Gangaw District and Gangaw township was a part of Pakokku District until 2003.In 2003,Gangaw District was established. Myit Thar river () flows from South to North dividing the town into Gangaw and Western Gangaw () village. Kale-Gangaw Road was a main roadway linking Gangaw and Kalaymyo. It was long, the 59 miles and six furlongs was tarred road and three miles section, three furlongs was gravel road section and 19 miles and seven furlongs was earthen section. Mandalay-Gangaw Road is a main Road linking the center of Myanmar. Climate Gangaw has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen ''Aw'') with three seasons. The “cool” season from December to February is dry and clear with cool mornings and very warm to hot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magway Region
Magway Region ( my, မကွေးတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, ; formerly Magway Division) is an administrative divisions of Myanmar, administrative division in central Myanmar. It is the second largest of Myanmar's seven divisions, with an area of . Pa Del Dam (ပဒဲဆည်) is one of the dams in Aunglan Township, Magway Division. The capital and second largest city of the Magway Division is Magway, Myanmar, Magway. The largest city is Pakokku. The major cities of Magway Division are Magway, Myanmar, Magway, Pakokku, Aunglan, Yenangyaung, Taungdwingyi, Chauk, Minbu, Thayet and Gangaw. Geography Magway Region sits approximately between north latitude 18° 50' to 22° 47' and east longitude 93° 47' to 95° 55'. It is bordered by Sagaing Region to the north, Mandalay Region to the east, Bago Region to the south, and Rakhine State and Chin State to the west. History Fossils of the early primates over 40 million years old were excavated in the Pondaung and Ponnya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalemyo
Kalay ( my, ကလေး), also known as Kale, is a town in the Sagaing Region of Myanmar. It is located upstream from Mandalay and Monywa on the Myittha River, a tributary of the Chindwin River. The town is the district headquarters of the Kalay District Kale District (also called Kalemyo District) is the westernmost district in Sagaing Division of Myanmar (Burma). Townships Its administrative center is the city of Kalay (Kalaymyo). The district consists of three townships; * Kale Township * .... It has gained importance with trans border movement enabled between Myanmar and India following the Tamu, Myanmar, Tamu–Kalay section of India–Myanmar–Thailand Trilateral Highway built by the Border Roads Organization of India under the India–Myanmar barrier#Look-East Connectivity, Look-East Connectivity policy. Consequently, Kalay is now one of the fastest developing towns in Myanmar. Kalay has several notable prisons, to which people from all across the region are trans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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