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Semanggi Shootings
The Semanggi shootings in Jakarta, Indonesia, were two incidents when state troops opened fire on unarmed civilians and protesters during special sessions of parliament. The first incident, known as Semanggi I, took place on 13 November 1998 and 17 people were killed. The second incident, Semanggi II, took place on 24 September 1999 and 12 people were killed and more than 200 wounded. Background After long-serving President Suharto was forced to resign in May 1998 amid mass protests and deadly riots, student protesters continued to demand political reforms, particularly an end to the political role of the military and police. The first Semanggi killings took place when the Indonesian military and police were still a single entity, known as the Indonesian Armed Forces (ABRI), which had long been granted non-elected seats in the national parliament. The two entities in April 1999 split into the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) and the Indonesian National Police, and the nu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Post-Suharto Era In Indonesia
The Post-Suharto era is the contemporary history in Indonesia, which began with the resignation of authoritarian president Suharto on 21 May 1998. Since his resignation, the country has been in a period of transition known as the Reform era ( id, Era Reformasi). This period has been characterised by a more open and liberal political-social environment. Issues over this period have included a push for a stronger democracy and civilian rule, elements of the military trying to retain their influence, a growing Islamism in politics and society, and demands for greater regional autonomy. The process of has resulted in a higher degree of freedom of speech, in contrast to the pervasive censorship under the New Order. This has led to a more open political debate in the news media and increased expression in the arts. Events that have shaped Indonesia in this period include a bombing campaign by Islamic terrorists (including the 2002 Bali bombings), with 2004 Indian Ocean earthqu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Awakening Party
The National Awakening Party ( id, Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa), frequently abbreviated to PKB, is an Islam-basedAl-Hamdi, Ridho. (2017). ''Moving towards a Normalised Path: Political Islam in Contemporary Indonesia''. JURNAL STUDI PEMERINTAHAN (JOURNAL OF GOVERNMENT & POLITICS). Vol. 8 No. 1, February 2017. p.52, pp.56, p.62.Al-Hamdi, Ridho. (2013). ''Partai politik Islam: Teori dan praktik di Indonesia''. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu. political party in Indonesia. The party was founded in 1999 by the traditionalist strand of Muslim society in Indonesia, which overlaps with the membership of Nahdlatul Ulama. The party is described as a nationalist Muslim party, which promotes inclusive and nationalist principles and upholds Pancasila doctrine. In 2014, the party obtained 9.04 percent of the popular vote, which is an increase from 4.95 percent in 2009 but lower than 10.57 percent in 2004. The party is currently led by Muhaimin Iskandar. Origins The PKB was established on 11 May 199 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1998 In Indonesia
The following lists events that happened during 1998 in Indonesia. In Indonesia, this year was noted for the May 1998 riots due to dissatisfaction with Suharto's 31-year New Order regime, culminating in Suharto's resignation on 21 May 1998. Incumbents * President: Suharto (until 21 May), B. J. Habibie (after 21 May) * Vice-President: Try Sutrisno (until 11 March), B. J. Habibie (11 March to 21 May), ''Vacant'' (after 21 May) Events February * 11 February: J. Soedradjad Djiwandono is dismissed from his office of the governor of the Bank of Indonesia. May * 4 May: The start of the May riots in Indonesia. * 12 May: Trisakti shootings – Indonesian National Army soldiers fire and kill four protestors. This causes the start of the riots in Jakarta. * 15 May: – A fire in the Klender Mall due to looting leaves at least 200 people dead. * 21 May: Fall of Suharto – Suharto resigns as president. August * 22 August: The 1990–1998 Indonesian military operations in A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990s In Jakarta
Year 199 ( CXCIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was sometimes known as year 952 ''Ab urbe condita''. The denomination 199 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Mesopotamia is partitioned into two Roman provinces divided by the Euphrates, Mesopotamia and Osroene. * Emperor Septimius Severus lays siege to the city-state Hatra in Central-Mesopotamia, but fails to capture the city despite breaching the walls. * Two new legions, I Parthica and III Parthica, are formed as a permanent garrison. China * Battle of Yijing: Chinese warlord Yuan Shao defeats Gongsun Zan. Korea * Geodeung succeeds Suro of Geumgwan Gaya, as king of the Korean kingdom of Gaya (traditional date). By topic Religion * Pope Zephyrinus succeeds Pope Victor I, as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanitiar Burhanuddin
Sanitiar Burhanuddin (17 July 1954) is the present Attorney General of Indonesia, serving since October 2019 in the cabinet of President Joko Widodo. He was previously deputy attorney general for civil and state administrative cases. Upon his appointment, he denied having links to any political parties, despite his older brother, Tubagus Hasanuddin, being an executive of the ruling Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) and a former military secretary to former president and incumbent PDI-P leader Megawati Sukarnoputri. In response to calls for the government to settle unresolved cases of human rights abuses, including the Semanggi shootings, Burhanuddin in January 2020 said the National Commission on Human Rights had not submitted complete evidence to the Attorney General's Office. He also said the incidents could not be classified as gross violations of human rights. Amnesty International Indonesia’s Executive Director Usman Hamid said Burhanuddin's "claims that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Prasetyo
H. Muhammad Prasetyo (born 9 May 1947 in Tuban, Indonesia) is a former Attorney General of Indonesia, serving from October 2014 to 20 October 2019. Prior to taking up the role Prasetyo was an executive of the NasDem party. Death penalty role Prasetyo has been an outspoken supporter of the use of the death penalty in Indonesia. He was the presiding Attorney General overseeing the executions of two members of the Bali Nine The Bali Nine were nine Australians convicted for attempting to smuggle of heroin out of Indonesia in April 2005. The heroin was valued at around 4 million and was bound for Australia. Ringleaders Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran were .... References Living people 1947 births Attorneys General of Indonesia Javanese people {{Indonesia-law-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joko Widodo
Joko Widodo (; born 21 June 1961), popularly known as Jokowi, is an Indonesian politician and businessman who is the 7th and current president of Indonesia. Elected in July 2014, he was the first Indonesian president not to come from an elite political or military background. He was previously the mayor of Surakarta from 2005 to 2012 and the governor of Jakarta from 2012 to 2014. Before his political career, he was an industrialist and businessman. He achieved national prominence in 2009 for his work as the mayor of Surakarta. A member of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P), he was named as the party's candidate for the 2012 Jakarta gubernatorial election, alongside Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (often known as ''Ahok'') as his running mate. Defeating incumbent Fauzi Bowo, he took office in October 2012 and reinvigorated Jakartan politics, introducing publicised ''blusukan'' visits (unannounced spot checks) and improving the city's bureaucracy, reducing corruption i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (born 9 September 1949), commonly referred to by his initials SBY, is an Indonesian politician and retired army general who served as the sixth president of Indonesia from 2004 to 2014. A member of the Democratic Party of Indonesia, he served as the 4th leader of the Democratic Party from 2014 until 2020, 8th and 10th coordinating minister of politics and security affairs of Indonesia from 2000 until 2001, and again from 2001 until 2004. He also served as the president of the Assembly and chair of the Council of the Global Green Growth Institute. He was also the former chairman of ASEAN due to Indonesia's hosting of the 18th and 19th ASEAN Summits. Yudhoyono won the 2004 presidential election—the first direct presidential election in Indonesia, defeating incumbent president Megawati Sukarnoputri. He was sworn into office on 20 October 2004, together with Jusuf Kalla as vice-president. He ran for re-election in 2009 with Boediono as his running m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Komnas HAM
The National Commission on Human Rights ( id, Komisi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia, usually abbreviated as Komnas HAM) is the national human rights institution (NHRI) of Indonesia. As with other NHRIs, its principal functions are the protection and promotion of human rights. History The commission was established by the Suharto regime through a Presidential Decree No. 50 of 1993, shortly after United Nations Commission on Human Rights resolution 1993/97 expressed grave concern over allegations of serious human rights violations by the government of Indonesia. Komnas HAM's jurisdiction included human rights issues in East Timor until the territory voted to secede from Indonesia. It also investigated unresolved cases such as the murder of Marsinah. After the 1998 downfall of Suharto, the 1993 decree was superseded by Law No. 39 of 1999 which set out the functions of Komnas HAM, and provided for its funding, membership and powers. Following calls for Komnas HAM to inquire into the 198 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kostrad
The Army Strategic Reserves Command ( id, Komando Cadangan Strategis Angkatan Darat; abbreviated ) is a combined-arms formation of the Indonesian Army. Kostrad is a Corps level command which has up to 35,000 troops. It also supervises operational readiness among all commands and conducts defence and security operations at the strategic level in accordance with policies under the command of the commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. In contrast to its name ("Reserves"), Kostrad is the main warfare combat unit of the Indonesian Army. While Kopassus is the elite-special forces of the Indonesian Army, Kostrad as "" or "Principal Operational Command" still maintains as the first-line combat formation of the Indonesian National Armed Forces along with the Kopassus. This corps has three divisions which are: * 1st Kostrad Infantry Division, headquartered at Cilodong, Depok, West Java * 2nd Kostrad Infantry Division, headquartered at Singosari, Malang, East Java * 3rd Kostrad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mobile Brigade Corps
The Mobile Brigade Corps ( id, Korps Brigade Mobil) abbreviated Brimob is the special operations, paramilitary, and tactical unit of the Indonesian National Police (Polri). It is one of the oldest existing units within Polri. Some of its main duties are counter-terrorism, riot control, high-risk law enforcement where the use of firearms are present, search and rescue, hostage rescue, and bomb disposal operations. The Mobile Brigade Corps is a large component of the Indonesian National Police trained for counter-separatist and counter-insurgency duties, often in conjunction with military operations. The Mobile Brigade Corps consists of 2 (two) branches, namely Gegana and Pelopor. Gegana is tasked with carrying out more specific special police operations tasks such as: Bomb Disposal, CBR Handling (Chemistry, Biology, and Radioactivity), Anti-Terror (Counter Terrorism), and Intelligence. Meanwhile, the Pelopor are tasked with carrying out broader and paramilitary special police o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reform Star Party
The Reform Star Party ( id, Partai Bintang Reformasi) was an Islamist political party in Indonesia. The party was merged into Great Indonesia Movement Party in February 2011. Background The party began as a movement within the United Development Party (PPP) to depose Vice-president Hamzah Haz from the chairmanship, which he held for the 1998–2003 term, as it was felt he would not have time to run the party and hold the vice-presidency. The movement's leader was Zainuddin MZ, an Islamic preacher and chairman of the party's central leadership. He and other dissatisfied party members planned to establish a new party to be called the ''PPP Reformasi'' (PPP Reform). After a meeting between the discontents and Hamzah Haz, Hamzah agreed to accommodate the demands of Zainuddin's group for a restructuring and regeneration of the PPP leadership. Zainuddin said he did not want to be responsible for the breakup of the PPP. A "Team of 7" was established to undertake the changes, but Zainud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
