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Sardari System
The Sardari system () refers to the panchayat system used in the city of Dhaka (present-day Bangladesh) from the second half of the nineteenth century. The system developed during under the Nawabs of Dhaka. In this state-recognised practice, a five-member committee was formed in each mahalla of the city, consisting of local influential Muslims who would take care of the minor issues of the mahalla. The chief of the mahalla committee was referred to as the Sardar. The Sardar was appointed for life, and after his death, his son was usually the next Sardar. The Nawab of Dhaka used to give approval and formal recognition to the family panchayat committee. History Although the exact date of the introduction of the Sardari system is not known, many believe that it started during the Mughal rule and then developed during the British Raj. The British government recognised the Sardari system after the introduction of the Nawab of Dhaka, in order to maintain the social order of the Dhaka me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panchayati Raj
The Panchayat raj is a political system, originating from the Indian subcontinent, found mainly in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. It is the oldest system of local government in the Indian subcontinent, and historical mentions date to the 250 CE period. The word ''raj'' means "rule" and ''panchayat'' means "assembly" (''ayat'') of five (''panch''). Traditionally, Panchayats consisted of wise and respected elders chosen and accepted by the local community. These assemblies settled disputes between both individuals and villages. However, there were varying forms of such assemblies. The leader of the Panchayat was often called the president mukhiya, sarpanch, or pradhan, an elected or generally acknowledged position. The modern Panchayati Raj of India and its gram panchayats are neither to be confused with the traditional system nor with the extra-constitutional khap panchayats (or caste panchayats) found in parts of northern India. Mahatma Gandhi advocated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khwaja Salimullah
Nawab Sir Khwaja Salimullah Bahadur (7 June 1871 – 16 January 1915) was the fourth Nawab of Dhaka and one of the leading Muslim politicians during the British rule in India. In 1906, the Muslim League was officially founded at the educational conference held in Dhaka. The convention was held at Ahsan Manzil, the official residence of the Dhaka Nawab Family. Sir Salimullah was a key patron of education for the Eastern Bengal. He was one of the founders of the University of Dhaka and the prestigious Ahsanullah School of Engineering (now the Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology). Sir Salimullah was a staunch supporter of the Partition of Bengal and was a member of East Bengal and Assam Legislative Council from 1906 to 1907. He was also a member of Bengal Legislative Assembly from 1913 till his death in Calcutta in 1915 at the age of 43. He was the founder President of Bengal Muslim League in 1907. Politics Salimullah began his career in government service in 189 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahifarash
The Mahifarash ( bn, মাহিফরাস, mahifôrash, Dhakaiya: মাইফরাস ''maifôrash'') are a Bengali Muslim community of fishmongers primarily from Old Dhaka. They are distinct from the Mahifarash of Tangail, who are descendants of Mappila Muslims, and the Mahifarash fishermen of Mymensingh. Etymology The word Mahifarash comes from the Persian words ''māhi'' (ماهی) meaning ''fish'' and ''furosh'' (فروش) meaning ''sale''. They are known as ''maifôrash'' among Dhakaiyas. History and customs Since the start of Mughal rule in Jahangir Nagar (Dhaka), the Mahifarash community of Dalti Bazar have exclusively monopolised the fish industry, and they continue to have authority in this sector in present times. Their customs were traditionally headed by a ''sardar'' who would also settle disputes. During the Mughal period, the Mahifarash were known to organise feasts and banquets in their Azimpur grounds at the start of cultivation harvest season. They cooked 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaler Kantho
''Kaler Kantho'' ( bn, কালের কণ্ঠ, translit=Daily Voice of Time) is one of the most popular Bengali newspapers in Bangladesh. It is an enterprise of East-West Media Group, a sister concern of Bangladesh's leading business conglomerate Bashundhara Group. The same group owns ''Bangladesh Pratidin'', ''Daily Sun'', News24, Radio Capital and '' Banglanews24''. Abed Khan was the founder editor of ''Kaler Kantho''. The daily was first published on 10 January 2010. After a short span of time Khan resigned as editor (June 2011). After Abed Khan's resignation Imdadul Haq Milan, a popular novelist from Bangladesh became the editor. Shahed Mohammad Ali, former senior news editor of Prothom Alo became the acting editor on 3rd October 2021 after Imdadul Haq Milan had become the director and brand ambassador of East West Media Group. There are many feature and daily pages in ''Kaler Kantho'', including - Tech Bisshow (IT feature page), Tech Pratidin, Campus, Poralekha (Edu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akhtar Sardar
Akhtar ( fa, links=no, ) means "star" in Persian. It is a unisex name. It is also a common surname. A variant spelling is Akhter. Notable people with the given name or surname include: Given name Akhtar * Akhtar Aly Kureshy Pakistani lawyer and professor * Akhtar ul Iman (1915–1996), Indian Urdu poet and screenwriter * Akhtar Mengal, Pakistani politician * Akhtar Hameed Khan, Pakistani development practitioner and social scientist * Akhtar Khan, British television and radio presenter for the BBC * Akhtar Chaudhry, Pakistani-Norwegian politician * Akhtar Hussain Malik, general of the Pakistan Army Akhter * Akhter Husain (1902–1983), Pakistani politician Aktar * Aktar Islam, British-Bangladeshi restaurateur Surname Akhtar * Ayad Akhtar, American playwright, novelist, and screenwriter * Farhan Akhtar, Indian film director * Gulraiz Akhtar, Pakistani field hockey player * Jan Nisar Akhtar, Indian poet * Javed Akhtar, film writer and poet from India * Najma Akhtar, British s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pearu Sardar
Pearu Sardar (1893–1961) was an area leader of Dhaka, Pakistan. At the beginning of the 20th century, the area leader of Dhaka was known as ''Sardar''; he was known for his involvement in the Language Movement of 1952. The first Shaheed Minar to commemorate the Language Martyrs of February 21, 1952 was built immediately after the events of that day, with his sponsorship. Role in 1952 According to Dr. Sayeed Haider, a main planner and the designer of the first Shaheed Minar, the decision to build it was first made by the students of Dhaka Medical College. The planning started at midnight on February 22, 1952, and work started the next day. It was sponsored by Sardar, one of the old Dhaka panchayet sardars. Although a curfew was in place, students started building the Minar on the afternoon of February 23 and worked through the night to finish it by dawn. A handwritten paper was attached to the Minar with "Shaheed Smritistombho" written on it. It was demolished within a few days b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Bengal State Acquisition And Tenancy Act Of 1950
The East Bengal State Acquisition and Tenancy Act of 1950 (also known as the East Pakistan Estate Acquisition Act 1950) was a law passed by the newly formed democratic Government of East Bengal in the Dominion of Pakistan (present day Bangladesh). The bill was drafted on 31 March 1948 during the early years of Pakistan and passed on 16 May 1951. Before passage of the legislature, landed revenue laws of Bengal consisted of the Permanent Settlement Regulations of 1793 and the Bengal Tenancy Act of 1885. The 1793 legislature created a landed aristocracy (see: Zamindars of Bengal) which was supposed to be loyal to the British Empire. The Act of 1885 defined the rights and liabilities of the peasants ('' ryats'') in relation to their superior lords (''Zamindars''). After the fall of the British rule in 1948, the law abolished the Zamindari system in the region, after which the lands of the state were under the federal government. It was seen as a democratic move to a ''people's state' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zamindars Of Bengal
The Zamindars of Bengal were zamindars (hereditary landlords) of the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent (now divided between Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal). They governed an ancient system of land ownership. The Bengali zamindars managed a plantation economy in the Bengal Presidency which produced cotton, jute, indigo, rice, wheat, tea, spices and other commodities. Like the British landed gentry, they were bestowed with titles; their plantation economy has been studied by many scholars and can be compared with historic plantation complexes in the Southern United States. The land was cultivated by tenant farmers who paid rent to the zamindars. A big portion of the rent was in turn paid to the imperial government as taxes. The zamindars were the principal revenue collectors for the imperial administration under Mughal Empire, Mughal and British India, British rule. The system was abolished by 1951. The Zamindars of Bengal were generally less powerful and ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khwaja Muhammad Azam
Khawaja (Persian: خواجه ''khvâjəh'') is an honorific title used across the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia and Central Asia, particularly towards Sufi teachers. It is also used by Kashmiri Muslims and the Mizrahi Jews—particularly Persian Jews and Baghdadi Jews. The word comes from the Iranian word ''khwāja'' (Classical Persian: ''khwāja''; Dari ''khājah''; Tajik ''khoja''). In Persian, the title roughly translates to 'Lord' or 'Master'. The Ottoman Turkish pronunciation of the Persian خواجه gave rise to ''hodja'' and its equivalents such as ''hoca'' in modern Turkish, ''hoxha'' in Albanian, ''xoca'' (''khoja'') in Azerbaijani, ''hodža'' in Bosnian, ''χότζας'' (''chótzas'') in Greek, ''hogea'' in Romanian, and ''хоџа'' in Serbian. Other spellings include ''khaaja'' (Bengali) and ''koja'' ( Javanese). The name is also used in Egypt and Sudan to indicate a person with a foreign nationality or foreign heritage. Etymology Ultimately deriv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khwaja Abdul Ghani
Nawab Bahadur Sir Khwaja Abdul Ghani (30 July 1813 – 24 August 1896) was the second Nawab of Dhaka and the first to assume the title of Nawab as hereditary, recognized by the British Raj. He introduced the panchayat system, gaslights, water works, newspaper, and the zoological garden to Dhaka. He established Ahsan Manzil, the residence and seat of power for Dhaka Nawab Family, Victoria Park, the gardens at Dilkusha and Shahbag, where he initiated many annual events like Boli Khela and agricultural and industrial fair to celebrate the Christian New Year. He was also responsible for the Buckland Bund and the first female ward in the first hospital in Dhaka, and was a founding commissioner of Dhaka municipality. Background Khwaja Abdul Ghani was the second son of Khwaja Alimullah, who consolidated the Khwaja family estate to become the first Nawab of the family. He inherited the estate from his father, which included the French ''kuthi'' at Kumartuli bought by Alimulla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhaka
Dhaka ( or ; bn, ঢাকা, Ḍhākā, ), formerly known as Dacca, is the capital and largest city of Bangladesh, as well as the world's largest Bengali-speaking city. It is the eighth largest and sixth most densely populated city in the world with a population of 8.9 million residents as of 2011, and a population of over 21.7 million residents in the Greater Dhaka Area. According to a Demographia survey, Dhaka has the most densely populated built-up urban area in the world, and is popularly described as such in the news media. Dhaka is one of the major cities of South Asia and a major global Muslim-majority city. Dhaka ranks 39th in the world and 3rd in South Asia in terms of urban GDP. As part of the Bengal delta, the city is bounded by the Buriganga River, Turag River, Dhaleshwari River and Shitalakshya River. The area of Dhaka has been inhabited since the first millennium. An early modern city developed from the 17th century as a provincial capital and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
