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Sahlbergella Singularis
''Sahlbergella'' is a genus of African bugs in the family Miridae and tribe Dicyphini (subtribe Odoniellina). Species are mostly distributed in Africa, where ''S. singularis'' is a major insect pest of cacao: causing damage similar to ''Distantiella'' in tropical Africa and '' Helopeltis'' spp. in SE Asia.Entwistle PF (1972) ''Pests of Cocoa'', Longmans, London, 779 pp Species The Global Biodiversity Information Facility lists: # ''Sahlbergella ghesquierei'' Schouteden, 1935 # ''Sahlbergella lais'' Linnavuori, 1973 # ''Sahlbergella maynei ''Sahlbergella'' is a genus of African bugs in the family Miridae and tribe Dicyphini (subtribe Odoniellina). Species are mostly distributed in Africa, where ''S. singularis'' is a major insect pest of cacao: causing damage similar to ''Distan ...'' Schouteden, 1935 # '' Sahlbergella singularis'' Haglund, 1895 - type speciesNamyatova AA, Cassis G (2016) Systematics of the tribe Monaloniini ''Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society'', 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heteroptera
The Heteroptera are a group of about 40,000 species of insects in the order Hemiptera. They are sometimes called "true bugs", though that name more commonly refers to the Hemiptera as a whole. "Typical bugs" might be used as a more unequivocal alternative, since the heteropterans are most consistently and universally termed "bugs" among the Hemiptera. "Heteroptera" is Greek for "different wings": most species have forewings with both membranous and hardened portions (called hemelytra); members of the primitive sub-group Enicocephalomorpha have completely membranous wings. The name "Heteroptera" is used in two very different ways in modern classifications. In Linnean nomenclature, it commonly appears as a suborder within the order Hemiptera, where it can be paraphyletic or monophyletic depending on its delimitation. In phylogenetic nomenclature, it is used as an unranked clade within the Prosorrhyncha clade, which in turn is in the Hemiptera clade. This results from the realiza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miridae
The Miridae are a large and diverse insect family at one time known by the taxonomic synonym Capsidae. Species in the family may be referred to as capsid bugs or "mirid bugs". Common names include plant bugs, leaf bugs, and grass bugs. It is the largest family of true bugs belonging to the suborder Heteroptera; it includes over 10,000 known species, and new ones are being described constantly. Most widely known mirids are species that are notorious agricultural pests that pierce plant tissues, feed on the sap, and sometimes transmit viral plant diseases. Some species however, are predatory. Description Miridae are small, terrestrial insects, usually oval-shaped or elongate and measuring less than in length. Many of them have a hunched look, because of the shape of the prothorax, which carries the head bent down. Some are brightly coloured and attractively patterned, others drab or dark, most being inconspicuous. Some genera are ant mimics at certain stages of life. The Mirida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tribe (biology)
In biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank above genus, but below family and subfamily. It is sometimes subdivided into subtribes. By convention, all taxonomic ranks from genus upwards are capitalized, including both tribe and subtribe. In zoology, the standard ending for the name of a zoological tribe is "-ini". Examples include the tribes Caprini (goat-antelopes), Hominini (hominins), Bombini (bumblebees), and Thunnini (tunas). The tribe Hominini is divided into subtribes by some scientists; subtribe Hominina then comprises "humans". The standard ending for the name of a zoological subtribe is "-ina". In botany, the standard ending for the name of a botanical tribe is "-eae". Examples include the tribes Acalypheae and Hyacintheae. The tribe Hyacintheae is divided into subtribes, including the subtribe Massoniinae. The standard ending for the name of a botanical subtribe is "-inae". In bacteriology, the form of tribe names is as in botany, e.g., Pseudomonadeae, based on the ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dicyphini
''Dicyphini'' is a tribe of Heteroptera, bugs in the family Miridae. Subtribes and Genera The ''On-line Systematic Catalogue of Plant Bugs'' includes: Subtribe Dicyphina * ''Campyloneura'' Fieber, 1861 * ''Campyloneuropsis'' Poppius, 1914 * ''Chius'' * ''Cychrocapsus'' * ''Cyrtopeltis'' Fieber, 1861 * ''Dicyphus'' Fieber, 1858 * ''Engytatus'' Reuter, 1875 * ''Haematocapsus'' * ''Isoproba'' * ''Macrolophus'' Fieber, 1858 * ''Microoculis'' * ''Muirmiris'' * ''Nesidiocoris'' Kirkaldy, 1902 * ''Pameridea'' Reuter, 1907 * ''Setocoris'' * ''Singhalesia'' China & Carvalho, 1952 * ''Tupiocoris'' China & Carvalho, 1952 * ''Usingerella'' China & Carvalho, 1952 Subtribe Monaloniina * ''Arculanus'' * ''Arthriticus'' * ''Dimia'' * ''Eucerocoris'' * ''Eupachypeltis'' * ''Felisacoris'' * ''Felisacus'' * ''Helopeltis'' Signoret, 1858 * ''Mansoniella'' * †''Miomonalonion'' * ''Monalonion'' Herrich-Schäffer, 1850 * ''Onconotellus'' * ''Pachypeltis (insect)'' Signoret, 1858 * ''Pachypeltopsis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theobroma Cacao
''Theobroma cacao'', also called the cacao tree and the cocoa tree, is a small ( tall) evergreen tree in the family Malvaceae. Its seeds, cocoa beans, are used to make chocolate liquor, cocoa solids, cocoa butter and chocolate. The largest producer of cocoa beans in 2018 was Ivory Coast, 2.2 million tons. Description Its leaves are alternate, entire, unlobed, long and broad. Flowers The flowers are produced in clusters directly on the trunk and older branches; this is known as cauliflory. The flowers are small, diameter, with pink calyx. The floral formula, used to represent the structure of a flower using numbers, is ✶ K5 C5 A(5°+52) (5). While many of the world's flowers are pollinated by bees ( Hymenoptera) or butterflies/moths ( Lepidoptera), cacao flowers are pollinated by tiny flies, ''Forcipomyia'' midges in the subfamily Forcipomyiinae. Using the natural pollinator ''Forcipomyia'' midges for ''Theobroma cacao'' was shown to have more fruit production th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Distantiella
''Distantiella'' is a genus of African Heteroptera, bugs, of the family Miridae or "capsids", named after William Lucas Distant. This genus is placed in the subtribe Odoniellina: which has been included in Tribe (biology), tribes Dicyphini or Monaloniini. Species The Global Biodiversity Information Facility lists: # ''Distantiella collarti'' (Schouteden, 1935) # ''Distantiella theobroma'' (Distant, 1909) - type species (as ''Sahlbergella theobroma'' Distant) Description, distribution and importance Species of Distantiella are very similar to each other externally and the genus is most similar to ''Sahlbergella'': the latter genus differs in hind Tibia (arthropod leg), tibia have "regular setation" as opposed to dense setae, setatition in this genus.Namyatova AA, Cassis G (2016) Systematics of the tribe Monaloniini ''Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society'', 176, 36–136. Both species are distributed in Tropical Africa and their host plants are known to include various speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helopeltis
The genus ''Helopeltis'', also known as mosquito bugs, is a group of Heteropterans in the family Miridae (capsid bugs) and tribe Dicyphini. They include important pests of various crops, including cacao, cashew, cotton and tea. Now in a different subgenus, a number of similar ''Afropeltis'' species are pests in Africa. Mosquito bugs have a characteristic spine on the scutellum, which is a diagnostic feature. Classification in the field is based on morphological characteristics, with considerable variations in colouration between insects of the same species (although for example, ''H. theivora'' is characteristically green and ''H. antonii'' red-brown). Damage and distribution With typical Hemipteran sucking mouthparts, they pierce plant tissues and cause damage ranging from leaf tattering and fruit blemishes, to complete death of shoots, branches or whole plants. There has been evident speciation along the islands of the Malay archipelago and there may be cryptic species in thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Global Biodiversity Information Facility
The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) is an international organisation that focuses on making scientific data on biodiversity available via the Internet using web services. The data are provided by many institutions from around the world; GBIF's information architecture makes these data accessible and searchable through a single portal. Data available through the GBIF portal are primarily distribution data on plants, animals, fungi, and microbes for the world, and scientific names data. The mission of the GBIF is to facilitate free and open access to biodiversity data worldwide to underpin sustainable development. Priorities, with an emphasis on promoting participation and working through partners, include mobilising biodiversity data, developing protocols and standards to ensure scientific integrity and interoperability, building an informatics architecture to allow the interlinking of diverse data types from disparate sources, promoting capacity building and cat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sahlbergella Ghesquierei
''Sahlbergella'' is a genus of African bugs in the family Miridae and tribe Dicyphini (subtribe Odoniellina). Species are mostly distributed in Africa, where ''S. singularis'' is a major insect pest of cacao: causing damage similar to ''Distantiella'' in tropical Africa and '' Helopeltis'' spp. in SE Asia.Entwistle PF (1972) ''Pests of Cocoa'', Longmans, London, 779 pp Species The Global Biodiversity Information Facility The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) is an international organisation that focuses on making scientific data on biodiversity available via the Internet using web services. The data are provided by many institutions from around the ... lists: # '' Sahlbergella ghesquierei'' Schouteden, 1935 # '' Sahlbergella lais'' Linnavuori, 1973 # '' Sahlbergella maynei'' Schouteden, 1935 # '' Sahlbergella singularis'' Haglund, 1895 - type speciesNamyatova AA, Cassis G (2016) Systematics of the tribe Monaloniini ''Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sahlbergella Lais
''Sahlbergella'' is a genus of African bugs in the family Miridae and tribe Dicyphini (subtribe Odoniellina). Species are mostly distributed in Africa, where ''S. singularis'' is a major insect pest of cacao: causing damage similar to ''Distantiella'' in tropical Africa and '' Helopeltis'' spp. in SE Asia.Entwistle PF (1972) ''Pests of Cocoa'', Longmans, London, 779 pp Species The Global Biodiversity Information Facility lists: # ''Sahlbergella ghesquierei ''Sahlbergella'' is a genus of African bugs in the family Miridae and tribe Dicyphini (subtribe Odoniellina). Species are mostly distributed in Africa, where ''S. singularis'' is a major insect pest of cacao: causing damage similar to ''Distan ...'' Schouteden, 1935 # '' Sahlbergella lais'' Linnavuori, 1973 # '' Sahlbergella maynei'' Schouteden, 1935 # '' Sahlbergella singularis'' Haglund, 1895 - type speciesNamyatova AA, Cassis G (2016) Systematics of the tribe Monaloniini ''Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sahlbergella Maynei
''Sahlbergella'' is a genus of African bugs in the family Miridae and tribe Dicyphini (subtribe Odoniellina). Species are mostly distributed in Africa, where ''S. singularis'' is a major insect pest of cacao: causing damage similar to ''Distantiella'' in tropical Africa and '' Helopeltis'' spp. in SE Asia.Entwistle PF (1972) ''Pests of Cocoa'', Longmans, London, 779 pp Species The Global Biodiversity Information Facility lists: # ''Sahlbergella ghesquierei'' Schouteden, 1935 # ''Sahlbergella lais ''Sahlbergella'' is a genus of African bugs in the family Miridae and tribe Dicyphini (subtribe Odoniellina). Species are mostly distributed in Africa, where ''S. singularis'' is a major insect pest of cacao: causing damage similar to ''Distan ...'' Linnavuori, 1973 # '' Sahlbergella maynei'' Schouteden, 1935 # '' Sahlbergella singularis'' Haglund, 1895 - type speciesNamyatova AA, Cassis G (2016) Systematics of the tribe Monaloniini ''Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sahlbergella Singularis
''Sahlbergella'' is a genus of African bugs in the family Miridae and tribe Dicyphini (subtribe Odoniellina). Species are mostly distributed in Africa, where ''S. singularis'' is a major insect pest of cacao: causing damage similar to ''Distantiella'' in tropical Africa and '' Helopeltis'' spp. in SE Asia.Entwistle PF (1972) ''Pests of Cocoa'', Longmans, London, 779 pp Species The Global Biodiversity Information Facility lists: # ''Sahlbergella ghesquierei'' Schouteden, 1935 # ''Sahlbergella lais'' Linnavuori, 1973 # ''Sahlbergella maynei ''Sahlbergella'' is a genus of African bugs in the family Miridae and tribe Dicyphini (subtribe Odoniellina). Species are mostly distributed in Africa, where ''S. singularis'' is a major insect pest of cacao: causing damage similar to ''Distan ...'' Schouteden, 1935 # '' Sahlbergella singularis'' Haglund, 1895 - type speciesNamyatova AA, Cassis G (2016) Systematics of the tribe Monaloniini ''Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society'', 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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