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Susanne Baer
Susanne Baer, FBA (born 16 February 1964) is a German legal scholar and one of the 16 judges of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany. Baer has been the William W. Cook Global Law Professor at the University of Michigan Law School since winter 2010 and is also a professor of public law and gender studies with the Law Faculty at Humboldt University of Berlin and its dean of academic affairs. Early life and education Baer was born in Saarbrücken, Saarland on 16 February 1964. From 1983 to 1988, Baer studied German law and political science at the Free University of Berlin. She received her LL.M. from the University of Michigan Law School in 1993. Career With a scholarship by the Hans Böckler Foundation between 1993 and 1995, Baer wrote her doctoral thesis "Dignity or equality: The appropriate fundamental-rights concept of anti-discrimination law – a comparison of the approach to sexual harassment in the workplace in the Federal Republic of Germany and the U.S." a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Justices Of The Federal Constitutional Court
The Federal Constitutional Court (, usually abbreviated ) is the federal constitutional court of Germany. It is the highest independent constitutional organ of the Judiciary of Germany, German judiciary, ranking equally with the other supreme federal courts, and is – at the same time – the highest federal court in Germany. Today, 16 justices serve on the two senates of the court. This article lists the current justices of the court, and its former presidents, vice-presidents as well as all former justices. Current justices of the Federal Constitutional Court The Court is divided into two senates, each with different subject-matter jurisdiction. The court's two senates were originally staffed with twelve justices each. With effect from 1963, the number of justices per senate was reduced to eight. The eight justices per senate include the president and the vice-president of the Federal Constitutional Court, who each preside over one of the court's two senates. First sen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Böckler
Hans Böckler (26 February 1875 – 16 February 1951) was a German politician and trade union leader. He was the most influential re-founder of the unions in post-war Germany and became the first president of the German Trade Union Confederation.Rosenburger, Ruth (2014)"The History of HRM in Germany"in ''The Development of Human Resource Management Across Nations: Unity and Diversity'', p. 170. Edward Elgar Publishing. Biography Böckler was born in Trautskirchen near Neustadt an der Aisch and grew up in a family with limited means. When his father died in 1888, he quit school and worked as an apprentice goldbeater to support his family. In 1894 he joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and the German Metal Workers' Union.Borsdorf, Ulrich (1982). ''Hans Böckler. Arbeit und Leben eines Gewerkschafters von 1875 bis 1945]''. Köln Bund-Verlag, 1982. Online versionretrieved from the library of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung 22 May 2018 . From 1914 to 1915 Böckler f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andreas Voßkuhle
Andreas Voßkuhle (born 21 December 1963) is a German legal scholar who served as the president of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany from 2010 until 2020. Early life and education Voßkuhle was born and grew up in the small Western German city of Detmold, where his father was a lawyer specializing in administrative law.Dietmar Hipp (11 September 2012)Germany's Constitutional Court President: The Man Who Holds Europe's Destiny in His Hands'' Der Spiegel''. Baptized into Lippische Landeskirche, one of Germany's few Reformed member churches. He started studying law at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and the University of Bayreuth between 1983 and 1989. In 1989 he passed the first Staatsexamen. Before he completed the second Staatsexamen in 1993 he wrote his doctoral thesis (German title ') under supervision of Peter Lerche. Career Career in academia Between 1992 and 1994, Voßkuhle was a research fellow at the chair for public law in Augsburg. Later, in 1995 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hijab
In modern usage, hijab ( ar, حجاب, translit=ḥijāb, ) generally refers to headcoverings worn by Muslim women. Many Muslims believe it is obligatory for every female Muslim who has reached the age of puberty to wear a head covering. While such headcoverings can come in many forms, hijab often specifically refers to a cloth wrapped around the head, neck and chest, covering the hair and neck but leaving the face visible. The term was originally used to denote a partition, a curtain, or was sometimes used for the Islamic rules of modesty. This is the usage in the verses of the Qur'an, in which the term ''hijab'' sometimes refers to a curtain separating visitors to Muhammad's main house from his wives' residential lodgings. This has led some to claim that the mandate of the Qur'an applied only to the wives of Muhammad, and not to the entirety of women. Another interpretation can also refer to the seclusion of women from men in the public sphere, whereas a metaphysical dimens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid digital media, digital subscribers. It also is a producer of popular podcasts such as ''The Daily (podcast), The Daily''. Founded in 1851 by Henry Jarvis Raymond and George Jones (publisher), George Jones, it was initially published by Raymond, Jones & Company. The ''Times'' has won List of Pulitzer Prizes awarded to The New York Times, 132 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any newspaper, and has long been regarded as a national "newspaper of record". For print it is ranked List of newspapers by circulation, 18th in the world by circulation and List of newspapers in the United States, 3rd in the U.S. The paper is owned by the New York Times Company, which is Public company, publicly traded. It has been governed by the Sulzberger family since 189 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannes Masing
Johannes Masing (born 9 January 1959 in Wiesbaden) is a German jurisprudent, public law and former judge of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany. Career Between 1979 and 1986, Masing studied law and philosophy at the University of Freiburg as well as Piano at the Freiburg Conservatory of Music (Music teacher diploma) and the State University of Music and Performing Arts Stuttgart (Artistic final exam). In 2002, Masing was a visiting scholar at the University of Michigan Law School, Ann Arbor/USA. Since 2007, he has been a full professor at the Faculty of Law of the University of Freiburg. A nominee of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, on 15 February 2008 he was elected to succeed Wolfgang Hoffmann-Riem as sitting Justice of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany in the court's first senate. He was inaugurated on 2 April 2008 and is chiefly responsible for constitutional complaints concerning data protection, privacy and the right to demonstrate. In a unanimous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reinhard Gaier
Reinhard is a German, Austrian, Danish, and to a lesser extent Norwegian surname (from Germanic ''ragin'', counsel, and ''hart'', strong), and a spelling variant of Reinhardt. Persons with the given name *Reinhard of Blankenburg (after 1107 – 1123), German bishop *Reinhard Böhler (1945–1995), German sidecarcross racer *Reinhard Bonnke (1940–2019), German evangelist *Rainhard Fendrich (born 1955), Austrian singer *Reinhard Gehlen (1902–1979), German spymaster *Reinhard Heydrich (1904–1942), German Nazi leader *Reinhard Mey (born 1942), German singer *Reinhard Mohn (1921–2009), German media tycoon *Reinhard Odendaal (born 1980), South African award-winning winemaker *Reinhard Scheer (1863–1928), German admiral *Reinhard Selten (1930–2016), German economist *Reinhard Strohm (born 1942), German musicologist *Reinhard Stupperich (born 1951), German classical archaeologist *Reinhard Wendemuth (born 1948), German rower Persons with the surname *Blaire Reinhard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recognition Of Same-sex Unions In Germany
Same-sex marriage in Germany has been legal since 1 October 2017. A bill for the legalisation of same-sex marriage passed the Bundestag on 30 June 2017 and the Bundesrat on 7 July. It was signed into law on 20 July by President Frank-Walter Steinmeier and published in the '' Federal Law Gazette'' on 28 July 2017. Previously, the governing CDU/CSU had refused to legislate on the issue of same-sex marriage. In June 2017, Chancellor Angela Merkel unexpectedly said she hoped the matter would be put to a conscience vote in the Bundestag in the near future. Party leaders organised for a vote to be held in the last week of June during the final legislative session before summer recess. The Bundestag passed the legislation on 30 June by 393 votes to 226, and it went into force on 1 October. Germany was the first country in Central Europe to legalise same-sex marriage, the 15th in Europe overall, and the 23rd worldwide. Previously, from 2001 until 2017, Germany had recognized registered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Parliament
The Bundestag (, "Federal Diet") is the German federal parliament. It is the only federal representative body that is directly elected by the German people. It is comparable to the United States House of Representatives or the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The Bundestag was established by Title III of the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany (, ) in 1949 as one of the legislative bodies of Germany and thus it is the historical successor to the earlier Reichstag. The members of the Bundestag are representatives of the German people as a whole, are not bound by any orders or instructions and are only accountable to their electorate. The minimum legal number of members of the Bundestag (german: link=no, Mitglieder des Bundestages) is 598; however, due to the system of overhang and leveling seats the current 20th Bundestag has a total of 736 members, making it the largest Bundestag to date and the largest freely elected national parliamentary chamber in the worl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comparative Constitutional Law
Comparative constitutional law is a branch of constitutional law that focuses on the study and analysis of the constitutions of different countries to identify similarities, differences, and trends in the organization and functioning of constitutional systems. This comparative approach enables legal professionals, academics, and practitioners to gain a better understanding of the various ways in which fundamental rights are structured and protected, as well as the diverse methods by which state powers are organized. Definition and Scope Comparative constitutional law involves the systematic comparison of constitutional norms, governmental institutions, and political practices across different nations. This field examines similarities and differences in governmental structures, fundamental rights, judicial systems, and relationships among various branches of the State. The scope of comparative constitutional law is broad, encompassing the study of written and unwritten constitutio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Erfurt
The University of Erfurt (german: Universität Erfurt) is a public university located in Erfurt, the capital city of the German state of Thuringia. It was founded in 1379, and closed in 1816. It was re-established in 1994, three years after German reunification. Therefore it claims to be both the oldest and youngest university in Germany. The institution identifies itself as a reform university, due to its most famous alumnus Martin Luther, the instigator of the Reformation, who studied there from 1501 to 1505. Today, the main foci centre on multidisciplinarity, internationality, and mentoring. The university is home to the Max Weber Center for Advanced Cultural and Social Studies, the Gotha Research Center for Cultural and Social Scientific Studies, and the Willy Brandt School of Public Policy. The Gotha Research Library, which has one of Germany's largest collections of early modern manuscripts, is part of the university. The University Library is also the keeper of the ''Bibl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Bielefeld
Bielefeld University (german: Universität Bielefeld) is a university in Bielefeld, Germany. Founded in 1969, it is one of the country's newer universities, and considers itself a "reform" university, following a different style of organization and teaching than the established universities. In particular, the university aims to "re-establish the unity between research and teaching", and so all its faculty teach courses in their area of research. The university also stresses a focus on interdisciplinary research, helped by the architecture, which encloses all faculties in one great structure. It is among the first of the German universities to switch some faculties (e.g. biology) to Bachelor/Master-degrees as part of the Bologna process. Bielefeld University has started an extensive multi-phase modernisation project, which is to be completed by 2025. A total investment of more than 1 billion euros has been planned for this undertaking. Campus The university is located in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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