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Supply Voltage Supervisor
Supply Voltage Supervisor (SVS, or supply voltage supervisory circuit) circuits are used to monitor the supply voltage to embedded and electronic systems for under voltage conditions. If an under voltage condition is detected then the supervisory circuit will reset the controller and keep it in that state as long as the under voltage condition persists. This type of reset is called brown out reset (BOR). In many modern day microcontrollers, Brown Out Reset protection is used to prevent erratic behavior or damage due to unstable supply voltages. Application Supply voltage supervisors are used to protect circuitry such as MPUs, DRAM, and other devices that are easily damaged by high voltages or will operate incorrectly at low voltages. They can be specialized ICs, but are often found integrated into a microcontroller on the same chip. Features and functions that can be included with voltage supervisors are: * Watchdog timer * Battery switch-over (UPS) * Window comparator circu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auerswald COMander Basic - Mainboard - Texas Instruments 7705AC-3022
Auerswald is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Hans Adolf Erdmann von Auerswald (1792–1848), Prussian general and politician * Rudolf von Auerswald (1795–1866), German (Prussian) official * Heinz Auerswald (1908–1970), German lawyer and member of the SS in Nazi Germany * Ingrid Auerswald Ingrid Auerswald ( Brestrich, born 2 September 1957 in Jena, East Germany) is a retired German athlete who competed mainly in the 100 metres. Biography Brestrich-Lange competed for East Germany in the 1980 Summer Olympics held in Mos ... (born 1957), German athlete {{surname, Auerswald German-language surnames de:Auerswald ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supervisory Circuit
''Supervisory circuits'' are electronic circuits that monitor one or more parameters of systems such as power supplies and microprocessors which must be maintained within certain limits, and take appropriate action if a parameter goes out of bounds, creating an unacceptable or dangerous situation. Supervisory circuits are known by a variety of names, including battery monitors, power supply monitors, supply supervisory circuits, and reset circuits. Thermal protection A thermal protection circuit consists of a temperature-monitoring circuit and a control circuit. The control circuit may either shut down the circuitry it is protecting, reduce the power available in order to avoid overheating, or notify the system (software or user). These circuits may be quite complex, programmable and software-run, or simple with predefined limits. Overvoltage and undervoltage protection Voltage protection circuits protect circuitry from either overvoltage or undervoltage; either of these situ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brownout (electricity)
A brownout is a drop in voltage in an electrical power supply system. Unintentional brownouts can be caused by excessive electricity demand, severe weather events, or a malfunction or error affecting electrical grid control or monitoring systems. Intentional brownouts are used for load reduction in an emergency, or to prevent a total grid power outage due to high demand. The term ''brownout'' comes from the dimming of incandescent lighting when voltage reduces. In some countries, the term ''brownout'' refers not to a drop in voltage but to an intentional or unintentional power outage (or blackout). Effects Different types of electrical apparatus will react in different ways to a voltage reduction. Some devices will be severely affected, while others may not be affected at all. Resistive loads The heat output of any resistive device, such as an electric space heater, is equal to the power consumption, which is directly proportional to the square of the applied voltage if ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microcontroller
A microcontroller (MCU for ''microcontroller unit'', often also MC, UC, or μC) is a small computer on a single VLSI integrated circuit (IC) chip. A microcontroller contains one or more CPUs (processor cores) along with memory and programmable input/output peripherals. Program memory in the form of ferroelectric RAM, NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a small amount of RAM. Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in personal computers or other general purpose applications consisting of various discrete chips. In modern terminology, a microcontroller is similar to, but less sophisticated than, a system on a chip (SoC). An SoC may connect the external microcontroller chips as the motherboard components, but an SoC usually integrates the advanced peripherals like graphics processing unit (GPU) and Wi-Fi interface controller as its internal microcontroller unit circuits. Microcontrollers are use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DRAM
Dynamic random-access memory (dynamic RAM or DRAM) is a type of random-access semiconductor memory that stores each bit of data in a memory cell, usually consisting of a tiny capacitor and a transistor, both typically based on metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) technology. While most DRAM memory cell designs use a capacitor and transistor, some only use two transistors. In the designs where a capacitor is used, the capacitor can either be charged or discharged; these two states are taken to represent the two values of a bit, conventionally called 0 and 1. The electric charge on the capacitors gradually leaks away; without intervention the data on the capacitor would soon be lost. To prevent this, DRAM requires an external ''memory refresh'' circuit which periodically rewrites the data in the capacitors, restoring them to their original charge. This refresh process is the defining characteristic of dynamic random-access memory, in contrast to static random-access memory (SRA ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Watchdog Timer
A watchdog timer (sometimes called a ''computer operating properly'' or ''COP'' timer, or simply a ''watchdog'') is an electronic or software timer that is used to detect and recover from computer malfunctions. Watchdog timers are widely used in computers to facilitate automatic correction of temporary hardware faults, and to prevent errant or malevolent software from disrupting system operation. During normal operation, the computer regularly restarts the watchdog timer to prevent it from elapsing, or "timing out". If, due to a hardware fault or program error, the computer fails to restart the watchdog, the timer will elapse and generate a timeout signal. The timeout signal is used to initiate corrective actions. The corrective actions typically include placing the computer and associated hardware in a safe state and invoking a computer reboot. Microcontrollers often include an integrated, on-chip watchdog. In other computers the watchdog may reside in a nearby chip that connec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uninterruptible Power Supply
An uninterruptible power supply or uninterruptible power source (UPS) is an electrical apparatus that provides emergency power to a load when the input power source or mains power fails. A UPS differs from an auxiliary or emergency power system or standby generator in that it will provide near-instantaneous protection from input power interruptions, by supplying energy stored in batteries, supercapacitors, or flywheels. The on-battery run-time of most uninterruptible power sources is relatively short (only a few minutes) but sufficient to start a standby power source or properly shut down the protected equipment. It is a type of continual power system. A UPS is typically used to protect hardware such as computers, data centers, telecommunication equipment or other electrical equipment where an unexpected power disruption could cause injuries, fatalities, serious business disruption or data loss. UPS units range in size from ones designed to protect a single computer without a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Window Detector
A window detector circuit, also called window comparator circuit or dual edge limit detector circuits is used to determine whether an unknown input is between two precise reference threshold voltages. It employs two comparators to detect over-voltage or under-voltage. Each single comparator detects the common input voltage against one of two reference voltages, normally upper and lower limits. Outputs behind a logic gate like AND detect the input as in range of the so-called "window" between upper and lower reference. Window detectors are used in industrial alarms, level sensor and controls, digital computers and production-line testing. Function If Uin is greater than Urefbot and Uin is lower than Ureftop then both comparators' outputs will swing to the logical high and turn on the AND gate output. See also * Comparator * Operational amplifier * 555 timer IC The 555 timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) used in a variety of timer, delay, pulse generation, and oscillator ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
