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Supercluster
A supercluster is a large group of smaller galaxy clusters or galaxy groups; they are among the largest known structures in the universe. The Milky Way is part of the Local Group galaxy group (which contains more than 54 galaxies), which in turn is part of the Virgo Supercluster, which is part of the Laniakea Supercluster, which is part of the Pisces–Cetus Supercluster Complex. The large size and low density of superclusters means that they, unlike clusters, expand with the Hubble expansion. The number of superclusters in the observable universe is estimated to be 10 million. Existence The existence of superclusters indicates that the galaxies in the Universe are not uniformly distributed; most of them are drawn together in groups and clusters, with groups containing up to some dozens of galaxies and clusters up to several thousand galaxies. Those groups and clusters and additional isolated galaxies in turn form even larger structures called superclusters. Their existence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Superclusters Atlasoftheuniverse
A supercluster is a large group of smaller galaxy clusters or galaxy groups; they are among the largest known structures in the universe. The Milky Way is part of the Local Group galaxy group (which contains more than 54 galaxies), which in turn is part of the Virgo Supercluster, which is part of the Laniakea Supercluster, which is part of the Pisces–Cetus Supercluster Complex. The large size and low density of superclusters means that they, unlike clusters, expand with the Hubble expansion. The number of superclusters in the observable universe is estimated to be 10 million. Existence The existence of superclusters indicates that the galaxies in the Universe are not uniformly distributed; most of them are drawn together in groups and clusters, with groups containing up to some dozens of galaxies and clusters up to several thousand galaxies. Those groups and clusters and additional isolated galaxies in turn form even larger structures called superclusters. Their existence wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laniakea Supercluster
The Laniakea Supercluster (; Hawaiian language, Hawaiian for "open skies" or "immense heaven") or the Local Supercluster (LSC or LS) is the galaxy supercluster that is home to the Milky Way and approximately 100,000 other nearby galaxies. It was defined in September 2014, when a group of astronomers including R. Brent Tully of the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, University of Hawaiʻi, Hélène Courtois of the University of Lyon, Yehuda Hoffman of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and Daniel Pomarède of CEA Université Paris-Saclay published a new way of defining superclusters according to the Radial velocity, relative velocities of galaxies. The new definition of the local supercluster subsumes the prior defined Virgo Supercluster, Virgo and Hydra-Centaurus Supercluster as appendages, the former being the prior defined local supercluster. Follow-up studies suggest that the Laniakea Supercluster is not gravitationally bound. It will disperse rather than continue to maintai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavo–Indus Supercluster
The Pavo–Indus Supercluster is a neighboring supercluster located about away in the constellations of Pavo, Indus, and Telescopium. The supercluster contains three main clusters, Abell 3656, Abell 3698, and Abell 3742. Other groups and clusters in the supercluster include the NGC 6769 Group and Abell S805 (IC 4765 Group, Pavo II, DRCG 1842-63) and the massive Norma Cluster. In 2014, it was announced that the Pavo–Indus Supercluster is a lobe in a greater supercluster, Laniakea, that is centered on the Great Attractor. The Virgo Supercluster would also be part of this greater supercluster, thus becoming the local supercluster. Structure The Pavo–Indus Supercluster exhibits a wall or filamentary structure that extends to a total length of . The supercluster along with the Telescopium−Grus Cloud form parts of a wall bounding the Local Void and the Sculptor Void. Nearby superclusters Centaurus Supercluster In 1983, in a paper by Winkler et al it was suggested ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virgo Supercluster
The Local Supercluster (LSC or LS), or Virgo Supercluster is a formerly defined supercluster containing the Virgo Cluster and Local Group, which itself contains the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies, as well as others. At least 100 galaxy groups and clusters are located within its diameter of 33 megaparsecs (110 million light-years). The Virgo Supercluster is one of about 10 million superclusters in the observable universe, with the main body of the supercluster, the Virgo Strand, connecting the Hydra-Centaurus and the Perseus–Pisces Superclusters. The Virgo Supercluster is part of the Pisces–Cetus Supercluster Complex, a galaxy filament. A 2014 study indicates that the Local Supercluster is only a part of an even greater supercluster, Laniakea, a larger group centered on the Great Attractor, thus subsuming the former Virgo Supercluster under Laniakea. Background Beginning with the first large sample of nebulae published by William and John Herschel in 1863, it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Supercluster
The Southern Supercluster is a nearby supercluster located around in the constellations of Cetus, Fornax, Eridanus (constellation), Eridanus, Horologium (constellation), Horologium, and Dorado. It was first identified in 1953 by Gérard de Vaucouleurs. The Southern Supercluster contains three main clusters, the Dorado Group, Dorado, Fornax Cluster, Fornax, and Eridanus Cluster, Eridanus clusters, along with many other groups of galaxies. In 2014, it was announced that the Southern Supercluster Strand is a lobe in a greater supercluster, Laniakea Supercluster, Laniakea, that is centered on the Great Attractor. This would mean that the Southern Supercluster Strand's components, the Southern Supercluster and the Telescopium−Grus Cloud would be part of this new supercluster. The Virgo Supercluster would also be part of this greater supercluster, thus becoming the local supercluster. Physical characteristics The Southern Supercluster is a long, chain of at least 15 to 33 Galaxy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster
The Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster (SCl 128), or the Hydra and Centaurus Superclusters, was a previously defined supercluster in two parts, which prior to the identification of Laniakea Supercluster in 2014 is the closest neighbour of the former Virgo Supercluster. Its center is located about away, with it extending to a maximum distance of around . Physical characteristics The supercluster includes four large galaxy clusters in the Centaurus part, also known as the "4 clusters'' filament, or '' 4 clusters strand'': * Abell 3526 (Centaurus Cluster) * Abell 3565 * Abell 3574 * Abell 3581 The filament which also includes the major cluster Abell S753 and exends up to around to reach the rich galaxy cluster Abell 3581. Antlia Wall The Antlia Wall, also known as the Antlia Strand, Hydra Wall, Hydra-Antlia wall, Hydra-Antlia extension, and the Hydra-Antlia filament, is a filament that emeges from the Centaurus Cluster, passes under the Zone of Avoidance (ZOA) as the "Puppis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galaxy Filament
In cosmology, galaxy filaments are the largest known structures in the universe, consisting of walls of galactic superclusters. These massive, thread-like formations can commonly reach 50 to 80 megaparsecs ()—with the largest found to date being the Hercules-Corona Borealis Great Wall at around in length—and form the boundaries between voids. Due to the accelerating expansion of the universe, the individual clusters of gravitationally bound galaxies that make up galaxy filaments are moving away from each other at an accelerated rate; in the far future they will dissolve. Galaxy filaments form the cosmic web and define the overall structure of the observable universe. Discovery Discovery of structures larger than superclusters began in the late 1980s. In 1987, astronomer R. Brent Tully of the University of Hawaii's Institute of Astronomy identified what he called the Pisces–Cetus Supercluster Complex. The CfA2 Great Wall was discovered in 1989, followed by the Sloa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Void (astronomy)
Cosmic voids (also known as dark space) are vast spaces between Galaxy filament, filaments (the largest-scale structures in the universe), which contain void galaxy, very few or no Galaxy, galaxies. In spite of their size, most galaxies are not located in voids. This is because most galaxies are gravitationally bound together, creating huge cosmic structures known as galaxy filaments. The cosmological evolution of the void regions differs drastically from the evolution of the universe as a whole: there is a long stage when Shape_of_the_universe#Curvature_of_the_universe, the curvature term dominates, which prevents the formation of galaxy clusters and massive galaxies. Hence, although even the emptiest regions of voids contain more than ~15% of the average matter density of the universe, the voids look almost empty to an observer. Voids typically have a diameter of 10 to 100 Parsec#Megaparsecs and gigaparsecs, megaparsecs (30 to 300 million light-years); particularly large void ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Observable Universe
The observable universe is a Ball (mathematics), spherical region of the universe consisting of all matter that can be observation, observed from Earth; the electromagnetic radiation from these astronomical object, objects has had time to reach the Solar System and Earth since the beginning of the metric expansion of space, cosmological expansion. Assuming the universe is isotropy, isotropic, the distance to the edge of the observable universe is equidistant, the same in every direction. That is, the observable universe is a sphere, spherical region centered on the observer. Every location in the universe has its own observable universe, which may or may not overlap with the one centered on Earth. The word ''observable'' in this sense does not refer to the capability of modern technology to detect light or other information from an object, or whether there is anything to be detected. It refers to the physical limit created by the speed of light itself. No signal can travel faster ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Universe
The universe is all of space and time and their contents. It comprises all of existence, any fundamental interaction, physical process and physical constant, and therefore all forms of matter and energy, and the structures they form, from sub-atomic particles to entire Galaxy filament, galactic filaments. Since the early 20th century, the field of cosmology establishes that space and time emerged together at the Big Bang ago and that the Expansion of the universe, universe has been expanding since then. The observable universe, portion of the universe that can be seen by humans is approximately 93 billion light-years in diameter at present, but the total size of the universe is not known. Some of the earliest Timeline of cosmological theories, cosmological models of the universe were developed by ancient Greek philosophy, ancient Greek and Indian philosophy, Indian philosophers and were geocentric model, geocentric, placing Earth at the center. Over the centuries, more prec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galaxy Cluster
A galaxy cluster, or a cluster of galaxies, is a structure that consists of anywhere from hundreds to thousands of galaxies that are bound together by gravity, with typical masses ranging from 1014 to 1015 solar masses. Clusters consist of galaxies, heated gas, and dark matter. They are the second-largest known gravitationally bound structures in the universe after superclusters. They were believed to be the largest known structures in the universe until the 1980s, when superclusters were discovered. Small aggregates of galaxies are referred to as galaxy groups rather than clusters of galaxies. Together, galaxy groups and clusters form superclusters. Basic properties Galaxy clusters typically have the following properties: * They contain 100 to 1,000 galaxies, hot X-ray emitting gas and large amounts of dark matter. Details are described in the "Composition" section. * They have total masses of 1014 to 1015 solar masses. * They typically have diameters from 1 to 5 Mpc ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milky Way
The Milky Way or Milky Way Galaxy is the galaxy that includes the Solar System, with the name describing the #Appearance, galaxy's appearance from Earth: a hazy band of light seen in the night sky formed from stars in other arms of the galaxy, which are so far away that they cannot be individually distinguished by the naked eye. The Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy with a Galaxy#Isophotal diameter, D25 isophotal diameter estimated at , but only about 1,000 light-years thick at the spiral arms (more at the bulge). Recent simulations suggest that a dark matter area, also containing some visible stars, may extend up to a diameter of almost 2 million light-years (613 kpc). The Milky Way has several List of Milky Way's satellite galaxies, satellite galaxies and is part of the Local Group of galaxies, forming part of the Virgo Supercluster which is itself a component of the Laniakea Supercluster. It is estimated to contain 100–400 billion stars and at least that number of pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
