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Suma Municipality
Suma Municipality (In the Yucatec Maya Language: "water at the suum plant") is one of the 106 municipalities in the Mexican state of Yucatán containing of land and located roughly northeast of the city of Mérida. History It is unknown which chieftainship the area was under prior to the arrival of the Spanish. After the conquest the area became part of the encomienda system. The first encomendero was Papacal icJuárez (1549) who died and the property was inherited by his heir, who was a minor in 1565. In 1607 the estate passed to Juan de Céspedes y Figueroa, was acquired by Francisco Polanco Tamayo Pacheco in 1626, and by 1666 had gone to Isabell de Padilla and Benita de Sotomayor. In 1700 the encomendero was Baltazar Alfonso Enriquez Amaya, who oversaw 242 Indians and in 1721 the encomendera was Juana Delgado y la Piedra, who was responsible for 321 indigenous inhabitants. Yucatán declared its independence from the Spanish Crown in 1821 and in 1825, the area was assigned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of Mexico
The national flag of Mexico ( es, Bandera de México) is a vertical tricolor of green, white, and red with the national coat of arms charged in the center of the white stripe. While the meaning of the colors has changed over time, these three colors were adopted by Mexico following independence from Spain during the country's War of Independence, and subsequent First Mexican Empire. Red, white, and green are the colors of the national army in Mexico. The central emblem is the Mexican coat of arms, based on the Aztec symbol for Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City), the center of the Aztec Empire. It recalls the legend of an eagle sitting on a cactus while devouring a serpent that signaled to the Aztecs where to found their city, Tenochtitlan. History Before the adoption of the first national flag, various flags were used during the War of Independence from Spain. Though it was never adopted as an official flag, many historians consider the first Mexican flag to be the Standard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yucatán
Yucatán (, also , , ; yua, Yúukatan ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Yucatán,; yua, link=no, Xóot' Noj Lu'umil Yúukatan. is one of the 31 states which comprise the political divisions of Mexico, federal entities of Mexico. It comprises 106 separate Municipalities of Yucatán , municipalities, and its capital city is Mérida, Yucatán, Mérida. It is located on the northern part of the Yucatán Peninsula. It is bordered by the states of Campeche to the southwest and Quintana Roo to the southeast, with the Gulf of Mexico off its northern coast. Before the arrival of Conquistador, Spaniards in the Yucatán Peninsula, the name of this region was ''Mayab''. In the Yucatec Maya language, ''mayab'' means "flat", and is the source of the word "Maya" itself. The peninsula was a very important region for the Maya civilization, which reached the peak of its development here, where the Mayans founded the cities of Chichen Itza, Izamal, Motul, Yucatán , Motul, Mayapan, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suma De Hidalgo
Suma may refer to: Places * Suma, Azerbaijan, a village * Suma, East Azerbaijan, a village in Iran * Sowmaeh, Ardabil, also known as Şūmā, a village in Iran * Suma-ku, Kobe, one of nine wards of Kobe City in Japan ** Suma Station, a railway station in the ward * Suma Municipality, Yucatán, Mexico * Suma (ward), an administrative ward in Rungwe District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania * Suma River, Mbeya Region, Tanzania People Ethnic groups * Suma people, an indigenous people of Mexico and the United States * The Suma, a subgroup of the African Gbaya people Given name * Suma Kanakala (born 1975), Indian television presenter * Suma Shirur (born 1974), Indian sport shooter Nickname * Suma Chakrabarti (born 1959), British civil servant * Peter Sumich (born 1968), Australian rules footballer Surname * Andrea Suma (13??–14??), Albanian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church * Jak Mark Suma (), Albanian diplomat * Kanita Suma (born 2001), Albanian singer * Kei Suma (193 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Creole Peoples
Creole peoples are ethnic groups formed during the European colonial era, from the mass displacement of peoples brought into sustained contact with others from different linguistic and cultural backgrounds, who converged onto a colonial territory to which they had not previously belonged. Often involuntarily uprooted from their original home, the settlers were obliged to develop and creatively merge the desirable elements from their diverse backgrounds, to produce new varieties of social, linguistic and cultural norms that superseded the prior forms. This process, known as creolization, is characterized by rapid social flux regularized into Creole ethnogenesis. Creole peoples vary widely in ethnic background and mixture and many have since developed distinct ethnic identities. The development of creole languages is sometimes mistakenly attributed to the emergence of Creole ethnic identities; however, the two developments occur independently. Etymology and overview T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maya Indians
The Maya peoples () are an ethnolinguistic group of Indigenous peoples of the Americas, indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica. The ancient Maya civilization was formed by members of this group, and today's Maya are generally descended from people who lived within that historical region. Today they inhabit southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, and Honduras. "Maya" is a modern collective term for the peoples of the region, however, the term was not historically used by the indigenous populations themselves. There was no common sense of identity or political unity among the distinct populations, societies and ethnic groups because they each had their own particular traditions, cultures and historical identity. It is estimated that seven million Maya were living in this area at the start of the 21st century. Guatemala, southern Mexico and the Yucatán Peninsula, Belize, El Salvador, and western Honduras have managed to maintain numerous remnants of their ancient cultural her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caste War Of Yucatán
The Caste War of Yucatán (1847–1915) began with the revolt of Native Maya people of the Yucatán Peninsula against Hispanic populations, called ''Yucatecos''. The latter had long held political and economic control of the region. A lengthy war ensued between the Yucateco forces in the northwest of the Yucatán and the independent Maya in the southeast. The Caste War must be understood within the economic and political context of Late Colonial and post-Independence Yucatán. By the end of the eighteenth century, Yucatán's population had expanded considerably, and white and mestizo Mexicans migrated to rural towns. Economic opportunities, primarily henequen and sugar cane production, attracted investment and the encroachment of indigenous customary lands in the south and east of the peninsula. Shortly after the Mexican War of Independence in 1821, the Yucatecan congress passed a series of laws that facilitated and encouraged this process. By the 1840s, land alienation had in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Izamal Municipality
Izamal Municipality (In the Yucatec Maya Language: “dew of heaven”) is one of the 106 municipalities in the Mexican state of Yucatán containing (275.92 km2) of land and located roughly 67 km east of the city of Mérida. History Izamal is believed to have been founded in the late Pre-classic period (750 to 200 A.C.), by Zamná, priest of the god Itzamná. Most of the construction on the site dates to the Proto-classic period (200 B.C. to 200 a.c.), the Early Classic (200 to 600 A.C.) And Late Classic (600 to 800 A.C.) periods. When Chichen Itzá rose, during the Final Classic period (800 to 1000 A.C.), Izamal was partially abandoned. After the conquest the area became part of the encomienda system, which was implemented between 1543 and 1549. Construction of the convent of San Antonio de Padua began in 1553 by fray Diego de Landa, who later instituted an inquisition called the ''auto de fé'' against the Maya at Maní and burned the Maya codices.. Landa and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Encomienda
The ''encomienda'' () was a Spanish labour system that rewarded conquerors with the labour of conquered non-Christian peoples. The labourers, in theory, were provided with benefits by the conquerors for whom they laboured, including military protection and education. The ''encomienda'' was first established in Spain following the Christian conquest of Moorish territories (known to Christians as the ''Reconquista''), and it was applied on a much larger scale during the Spanish colonization of the Americas and the Spanish Philippines. Conquered peoples were considered vassals of the Spanish monarch. The Crown awarded an ''encomienda'' as a grant to a particular individual. In the conquest era of the early sixteenth century, the grants were considered to be a monopoly on the labour of particular groups of indigenous peoples, held in perpetuity by the grant holder, called the ''encomendero''; following the New Laws of 1542, upon the death of the ''encomendero'', the encomienda end ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Conquest Of Yucatán
The Spanish conquest of Yucatán was the campaign undertaken by the Spanish ''conquistadores'' against the Late Postclassic Maya states and polities in the Yucatán Peninsula, a vast limestone plain covering south-eastern Mexico, northern Guatemala, and all of Belize. The Spanish conquest of the Yucatán Peninsula was hindered by its politically fragmented state. The Spanish engaged in a strategy of concentrating native populations in newly founded colonial towns. Native resistance to the new nucleated settlements took the form of the flight into inaccessible regions such as the forest or joining neighbouring Maya groups that had not yet submitted to the Spanish. Among the Maya, ambush was a favoured tactic. Spanish weaponry included broadswords, rapiers, lances, pikes, halberds, crossbows, matchlocks and light artillery. Maya warriors fought with flint-tipped spears, bows and arrows and stones, and wore padded cotton armour to protect themselves. The Spanish introduced a num ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mérida, Yucatán
Mérida () is the capital of the Mexican state of Yucatán, and the largest city in southeastern Mexico. The city is also the seat of the eponymous Municipality. It is located in the northwest corner of the Yucatán Peninsula, about 35 km (22 mi) inland from the coast of the Gulf of Mexico. In 2020 it had a population of 921,770 while its metropolitan area, which also includes the cities of Kanasín and Umán, had a population of 1,316,090. The city's rich cultural heritage is a product of the syncretism of the Maya and Spanish cultures during the colonial era. It was the first city to be ever named American Capital of Culture and is the only city that has received the title twice. The Cathedral of Mérida, Yucatán was built in the late 16th century with stones from nearby Mayan ruins and is known to be the oldest cathedral in the mainland Americas. In addition, the city has the third largest old town district on the continent. In 2007, the city was visited by former U.S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Municipalities Of Yucatán
Yucatán is a state in southeastern Mexico that is divided into 106 municipalities, organized into 7 administrative regions. According to the 2020 Mexican Census, it is the twenty-second most populated state with inhabitants and the 20th largest by land area spanning . Municipalities in Yucatán are administratively autonomous of the state according to the 115th article of the 1917 Constitution of Mexico. Every three years, citizens elect a municipal president (Spanish: ''presidente municipal'') by a plurality voting system who heads a concurrently elected municipal council (''ayuntamiento'') responsible for providing all the public services for their constituents. The municipal council consists of a variable number of trustees and councillors (''regidores y síndicos''). Municipalities are responsible for public services (such as water and sewerage), street lighting, public safety, traffic, and the maintenance of public parks, gardens and cemeteries. They may also assist the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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