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Sugawara No Kiyotomo
, also read as Kiyokimi, was a Japanese court noble, poet, and politician of the early Heian period. He served as Vice Minister of Ceremonial Affairs, Mayor of the Left Capital District, and Vice Governor of Harima Province (824-825), and held the court rank of Junior Third Rank. He was the father of Sugawara no Koreyoshi, and grandfather of Sugawara no Michizane who was deified as Tenjin, the deity of scholarship. Life He was born in 770 as the fourth son of Governor ('' suke kokushi'') of Tōtōmi Province, Sugawara no Furuhito. Although his father was a well-known Confucian scholar, his home was poor and Kiyotomo and his brothers suffered from poverty. Because his home was poor, he decided to study economic history. In 784, after an imperial edict, he began his service under Crown Prince Sawara and became a student of literary studies at the Imperial University in 789, at the age of 20. He excelled in his studies and was a ''monjō tokugōshō'', a title awarded to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kikuchi Yōsai
, also known as Kikuchi Takeyasu and Kawahara Ryōhei, was a Japanese painter most famous for his monochrome portraits of historical figures. Biography The son of a samurai named Kawahara of Edo, he was adopted by a family named Kikuchi. When eighteen, he became a pupil of Takata Enjō; but, after studying the principles of the Kanō, Shijō, and Maruyama schools, perhaps, under Ozui, a son of Ōkyo, he developed an independent style, having some affinities with that of Tani Bunchō. His illustrated history of Japanese heroes, the '' Zenken Kojitsu'', is a remarkable specimen of his skill as a draughtsman in monochrome ink. In order to produce this work, and his many other portraits of historical figures, he performed extensive historical, and even archaeological, research. ''Zenken Kojitsu'' features over 500 major figures in Japanese history, and was originally printed as a series of ten woodblock printed books, in 1878. Style Nakane Kōtei (中根 香亭) point ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daigaku-ryō
was the former Imperial university of Japan, founded at the end of the 7th century.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Daigaku-ryō''" in . The Daigaku-ryō predates the Heian period, continuing in various forms through the early Meiji period. The director of the ''Daigaku-ryō'' was called the Daigaku-no-kami.Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). The Daigaku-ryō was located near the Suzaku Mon at southern border of Kyoto's grid. In the 12th century, the original structure was destroyed by fire, and it was not rebuilt. Ritsuryō organization The Daigaku-ryō was reorganized in 701. It became part of the , also known as the "Ministry of Legislative Direction and Public Instruction". Among other duties, this ministry collected and maintained biographical archives of meritorious subjects, and those who would carry out the functions of the ministry were trained at the Daigaku-ryō. The was responsible for the examination of students and the celebration of festivals associated with Confuciu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bunka Shūreishū
is the second imperially commissioned Japanese kanshi collection. The text was compiled by Fujiwara no Fuyutsugu, Sugawara no Kiyotomo, Nakao Ō, Isayama no Fumitugu, Shigeno no Sadanushi, and Kuwahara no Haraaka under the command of Emperor Saga. The text was completed c. 818, four years after the previous imperial collection, ''Ryōunshū''. Contents The text is three volumes in length. It begins with a preface by Nakao Ō. The main text contains 148 poems composed by 28 authors, including poems from an 814 Balhae delegation. However, only 143 poems still exist as the final five have since been lost. While ''Ryōunshū'' ordered its poems by author, ''Bunka Shūreishū'' orders its poems by subject matter: Volume 1 *Sights (遊覧) *Banquets (宴集) *Partings (餞別) *Exchanges (贈答) Volume 2 *Historical (詠史) *Reminiscence (述懐) *Love (艶情) *Yuefu ''Yuefu'' are Chinese poems composed in a folk song style. The term originally literally meant "Music Burea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ono No Minemori
Ono no Minemori (小野 岑守; 778–830) was a Japanese historian, poet, and politician of the early Heian period. He wrote in the '' kanshi'' style of poetry. Biography Ono no Minemori was born in 778. He was the third son of , the '. He was a trusted attendant of Emperor Saga from the time the latter was crown prince. In 808 he was promoted to the position of '' tōgū shōji'' (春宮少進), and went on to serve in positions such as '' shōgeki'' (少外記) and '' shikibu shōyū'' (式部少輔), as well as serving in various provincial governments such as those of Ōmi Province, Mino Province, Mutsu Province, Awa Province, and ultimately, in 822, vice-governor of the Dazaifu (大宰大弐 ''dazai no daini''). He demonstrated his skill as an administrator the following year when, he introduced reforms allowing the farming of government-owned rice paddies in the Dazaifu to relieve the burden of the peasants under his administration. He also directed the construction o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ryōunshū
The was the first imperially commissioned Japanese kanshi collection. It was compiled by Ono no Minemori, Sugawara no Kiyotomo and others under the command of Emperor Saga was the 52nd emperor of Japan,#Kunaichō, Emperor Saga, Saganoyamanoe Imperial Mausoleum, Imperial Household Agency according to the traditional List of Emperors of Japan, order of succession. Saga's reign spanned the years from 809 through 823 .... The text was completed in 814. Title The title, ''Ryōunshū'', is an allusion to poetry so great that it soars higher than the clouds. The preface also gives the title as , describing it as a "new collection". Contents The text begins with a preface outlining the background for and editorial principles surrounding the subject matter. The main text contains 91 poems contributed by 24 authors composed in kanshi style. The poems were ordered by author. References * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Ryounshu Late Old Japanese texts Heian period in literature Japanese po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carriage
A carriage is a private four-wheeled vehicle for people and is most commonly horse-drawn. Second-hand private carriages were common public transport, the equivalent of modern cars used as taxis. Carriage suspensions are by leather strapping and, on those made in recent centuries, steel springs. Two-wheeled carriages are informal and usually owner-driven. Coaches are a special category within carriages. They are carriages with four corner posts and a fixed roof. Two-wheeled war chariots and transport vehicles such as four-wheeled wagons and two-wheeled carts were forerunners of carriages. In the twenty-first century, horse-drawn carriages are occasionally used for public parades by royalty and for traditional formal ceremonies. Simplified modern versions are made for tourist transport in warm countries and for those cities where tourists expect open horse-drawn carriages to be provided. Simple metal sporting versions are still made for the sport known as competitive driving. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyoto Imperial Palace
The is the former palace of the Emperor of Japan. Since the Meiji Restoration in 1869, the Emperors have resided at the Tokyo Imperial Palace, while the preservation of the Kyoto Imperial Palace was ordered in 1877. Today, the grounds are open to the public, and the Imperial Household Agency hosts public tours of the buildings several times a day. The Kyoto Imperial Palace is the latest of the imperial palaces built at or near its site in the northeastern part of the old capital of Heian-kyō (now known as Kyoto) after the abandonment of the larger original Heian Palace that was located to the west of the current palace during the Heian period. The Palace lost much of its function at the time of the Meiji Restoration, when the capital functions were moved to Tokyo in 1869. However, Emperor Taishō and Shōwa still had their enthronement ceremonies at the palace. Layout The Palace is situated in the , a large rectangular enclosure north to south and east to west. It also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kugyō
is the collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre- Meiji eras. The term generally referred to the and court officials and denoted a court rank between First Rank and Third Rank under the ''Ritsuryō'' system, as opposed to the lower court nobility, thus being the collective term for the upper court nobility. However, later on some holders of the Fourth Rank were also included. In 1869, following the Meiji Restoration, the court nobility and daimyo were merged into a new peerage, the ''kazoku''. Overview The ''kugyō'' generally refers to two groups of court officials: * the ''Kō'' (公), comprising the Chancellor of the Realm, the Minister of the Left, and the Minister of the Right; and * the ''Kei'' (卿), comprising the Major Counsellor, the Middle Counsellor, and the Associate Counselors, who held the court rank of Third Rank or higher. History The ''kugyō'' originated from the Three Lords and Nin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade
The court ranks of Japan, also known in Japanese as ''ikai'' (位階), are indications of an individual's court rank in Japan based on the system of the state. ''Ikai'' as a system was originally used in the Ritsuryo system, which was the political administration system used in ancient China, and the indication of the rank of bureaucrats and officials in countries that inherited (class system). Currently, the Japanese court ranks and titles are now one of the types of honours conferred to those who have held government posts for a long time and to those who have made distinguished achievements. In recent times, most appointments, if not all, are offered posthumously. A recent recipient of such a court rank is the late former prime minister Shinzo Abe Shinzo Abe ( ; ja, 安倍 晋三, Hepburn romanization, Hepburn: , ; 21 September 1954 – 8 July 2022) was a Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan and President of the Liberal Democratic Party (Japan), Pres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Book Of The Later Han
The ''Book of the Later Han'', also known as the ''History of the Later Han'' and by its Chinese name ''Hou Hanshu'' (), is one of the Twenty-Four Histories and covers the history of the Han dynasty from 6 to 189 CE, a period known as the Later or Eastern Han. The book was compiled by Fan Ye and others in the 5th century during the Liu Song dynasty, using a number of earlier histories and documents as sources. Background In 23 CE, Han dynasty official Wang Mang was overthrown by a peasants' revolt known as the Red Eyebrows. His fall separates the Early (or Western) Han Dynasty from the Later (or Eastern) Han Dynasty. As an orthodox history, the book is unusual in being completed over two hundred years after the fall of the dynasty. Fan Ye's primary source was the ''Dongguan Han Ji'' (東觀漢記; "Han Records of the Eastern Lodge"), which was written during the Han dynasty itself. Contents References Citations Sources ; General * Chavannes, Édouard (1906).T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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