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Substitute (French Elections)
A substitute is a political candidate who is not directly elected, but who succeeds a politician holding an elected office after that person ceases to hold the office due to, for example, resignation or death. This system can be used as opposed to holding by-elections or special elections to fill the vacant office. Belgium In Belgium, each electoral list has both a list of "effective" candidates and a list of "substitutes" ( nl, opvolgers; french: suppléants). The system was introduced as part of the law of 29 December 1899 introducing proportional representation. Before that, by-elections were held to succeed members. France In the elections for the French National Assembly, each candidate nominates a substitute (french: Suppléant), who assumes the functions of the elected deputy if they die, enter the executive government, if the Government appoints them to an assignment of more than six months' duration, or if they are appointed to the Constitutional Council or ''Defender ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
By-election
A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, a bye-election in Ireland, a bypoll in India, or a Zimni election (Urdu: ضمنی انتخاب, supplementary election) in Pakistan, is an election used to fill an office that has become vacant between general elections. A vacancy may arise as a result of an incumbent dying or resigning, or when the incumbent becomes ineligible to continue in office (because of a recall, election or appointment to a prohibited dual mandate, criminal conviction, or failure to maintain a minimum attendance), or when an election is invalidated by voting irregularities. In some cases a vacancy may be filled without a by-election or the office may be left vacant. Origins The procedure for filling a vacant seat in the House of Commons of England was developed during the Reformation Parliament of the 16th century by Thomas Cromwell; previously a seat had remained empty upon the death of a member. Cromwell de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seine-et-Marne's 3rd Constituency
The 3rd constituency of Seine-et-Marne is a French legislative constituency in the Seine-et-Marne ''département''. Description The 3rd constituency of Seine-et-Marne Seine-et-Marne () is a Departments of France, department in the Île-de-France Regions of France, region in Northern France. Named after the rivers Seine and Marne (river), Marne, it is the region's largest department with an area of 5,915 square ... lies in the south east of the department. Deputies Election results 2022 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - 2017 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - 2012 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - 2007 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - 2002 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - 1997 References Sources * * * {{Authority control 3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris's 11th Constituency
The 11th constituency of Paris (french: Onzième circonscription de Paris) is a French legislative constituency in the Paris ''département'' (75). Like the other 576 French constituencies, it elects one MP using the two-round system The two-round system (TRS), also known as runoff voting, second ballot, or ballotage, is a voting method used to elect a single candidate, where voters cast a single vote for their preferred candidate. It generally ensures a majoritarian resul .... Historic representation Election results 2022 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - 2017 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - 2012 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - 2007 Elections between 1988 and 2007 were based on the 1988 boundaries. , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - 2002 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marielle De Sarnez
Marielle de Sarnez (; 27 March 195113 January 2021) was a French politician who served as Secretary of State for European Affairs under Prime Minister Édouard Philippe. A member of the Union for French Democracy (UDF) until 2008 when she joined the Democratic Movement (MoDem), de Sarnez was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 1999 until her appointment as Minister for European Affairs in the Phillipe government in 2017. De Sarnez resigned after a month due to a scandal involving alleged payment for work she did not perform, but was elected a few days later to represent the 11th constituency of Paris in the National Assembly. She was a committed Europeanist and centrist, pushing the MoDem to resist currents on each end of the political spectrum. De Sarnez was a longtime collaborator to party president and three-time candidate for the presidency of France, François Bayrou. Early life Marielle de Sarnez was born in the 8th arrondissement of Paris on 27 March 1951 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maud Gatel
Maud Gatel (born 6 April 1979) is a French politician serving as the member of the National Assembly for the 11th constituency of Paris since 2021. A member of the Democratic Movement (MoDem), she replaced Marielle de Sarnez after her death as her substitute. Her constituency covers parts of the 6th and 14th arrondissements. Career Gatel was first elected to the Council of Paris in the 2014 municipal election. In 2020, she assumed the presidency of the MoDem group. In 2021, Gatel became the member of the National Assembly for Paris's 11th constituency upon Marielle de Sarnez's death. She was re-elected in the 2022 French legislative election Legislative elections in France were held on 12 and 19 June 2022 to elect the 577 members of the 16th National Assembly of the Fifth French Republic. The elections took place following the 2022 French presidential election, which was held in A .... References 1979 births Living people 21st-century French politicians 21st-c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2019 European Parliament Election In France
The 2019 European Parliament election in France were held on 26 May 2019 (and on 25 May in parts of overseas France and for some nationals abroad), electing members of the 9th French delegation to the European Parliament as part of the elections held across the European Union. The election featured two major changes since the 2014 election: the return to a single national constituency and the increase in the number of French seats from 74 to 79 upon the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union. Officially, 79 MEPs were considered to have been elected, including five "virtual" MEPs who did not take their seats until the UK formally left the EU. The election featured 34 separate electoral lists, a record number at the national level. It was the first national election in France since the election of Emmanuel Macron as president and therefore his first major electoral test, taking place amid dismal approval ratings. For his party, Nathalie Loiseau led the ''Renaissa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gard's 2nd Constituency
The 2nd constituency of Gard is a French legislative constituency in the Gard Gard () is a department in Southern France, located in the region of Occitanie. It had a population of 748,437 as of 2019;''département''. Deputies Election results 2022 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , -2017 2012 2007 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , -2002 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , -1997 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gilbert Collard
Gilbert Georges Jean Camille René Collard (; born 3 February 1948) is a French writer, barrister and politician serving as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since 2019. A member of the National Rally (RN) until 2022, he was a member of the National Assembly for the 2nd constituency of Gard from 2012 until 2019. Collard also served as Secretary-General of the Rassemblement bleu Marine (RBM) since 2012, a right-wing political association and think-tank supporting Marine Le Pen. In January 2022, he left the RN for Éric Zemmour's Reconquête. Biography Early life and education Gilbert Collard was born in Marseille and grew up in Châtel-Guyon. He studied law at Aix-Marseille University and Panthéon-Assas University. During his youth, he was a member of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) and subsequent Socialist Party (PS) until 1992. His sister was lawyer and activist Jehanne Collard (1950–2021). Career and first involvement in politics Col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolas Meizonnet
Nicolas Jérôme Grégoire Meizonnet-Bérenguier (born 22 December 1983) is a French politician serving as the member of the National Assembly for the 2nd constituency of Gard since 1 February 2020. A member of the National Rally (RN), he has also been a departmental councillor of Gard for the canton of Vauvert since 2 April 2015. Political career The son of Jean-Louis Meizonnet, a municipal councillor of Vauvert and regional councillor of Occitanie, Nicolas Meizonnet is an engineer by occupation. Meizonnet served as a municipal councillor of Vauvert from 8 December 2014 to 28 June 2020. He was elected to the Departmental Council of Gard in the 2015 election. Meizonnet became a member of the National Assembly after Gilbert Collard was elected to the European Parliament. As his substitute, Meizonnet took his place in the National Assembly. References External links Biographyat the French Parliament The French Parliament (french: Parlement français) is the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris's 14th Constituency
The 14th constituency of Paris (french: Quatorzième circonscription de Paris) is a French legislative constituency in the Paris ''département'' (75). Like the other 576 French constituencies, it elects one MP using the two-round system The two-round system (TRS), also known as runoff voting, second ballot, or ballotage, is a voting method used to elect a single candidate, where voters cast a single vote for their preferred candidate. It generally ensures a majoritarian resul .... Historic representation Election results 2022 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - 2017 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - 2012 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - 2007 Elections between 1988 and 2007 were based on the 1988 boundaries. , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - 2002 , - , colspan="8" bgcolor="#E9E9E9", , - 1997 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claude Goasguen
Claude Goasguen (12 March 1945 – 28 May 2020) was a French politician who served as a member of the National Assembly for Paris from 1993 to 1995 and again from 1997 until his death in 2020. A member of The Republicans, he also briefly was Minister of Reform of the State, Decentralisation and Citizenship in 1995 under Prime Minister Alain Juppé. Biography Early years Claude Goasguen was born in Toulon, Var. He received a Doctorate in Law from Panthéon-Assas University. From 1976 to 1986, he taught at Paris 13 University, and he served as the Dean of the Law School from 1982 to 1984. From 1986 to 1988, he served as advisor to the Minister of National Education, René Monory, with regards to the links between universities and the private sector, and professional training. From December 1987 to January 1991, he served as university rector. Cabinet member From May to November 1995, he was Minister of State Reforms, Decentralisation and Citizenship. From April 1996 to May 1998, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sandra Boëlle
Sandrine Boëlle (née Bachy; born 26 May 1961) is a French politician from The Republicans. She has represented Paris's 14th constituency as an MP since 2020. Early life Boëlle was born in Neuilly-sur-Seine. Career Boëlle was the substitute for long term MP Claude Goasguen at the 2017 legislative election. When Goasguen died from a heart attack after contracting COVID-19, Boëlle took his place on the National Assembly In politics, a national assembly is either a unicameral legislature, the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or both houses of a bicameral legislature together. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the repre .... References 1961 births Living people People from Neuilly-sur-Seine Women members of the National Assembly (France) Deputies of the 15th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic The Republicans (France) politicians Politicians from Île-de-France Members of Parliament for Paris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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