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Submerged-arc Furnace For Phosphorus Production
The Submerged-arc furnace for phosphorus production is a particular sub-type of electric arc furnace used to produce phosphorus and other products. Submerged arc furnaces are mainly used for the production of ferroalloys. The nomenclature ''submerged'' means that the furnace's electrodes are buried deep in the furnace ''burden''. A reduction reaction takes place near the tip of the electrodes to facilitate the furnace's process. Main reaction Large-scale production of phosphorus uses the Wöhler process. In this process, apatites (nearly always fluorapatite) are reduced in the presence of carbon ( coke) and silica (gravel). This is performed in a submerged-arc furnace at temperatures of between 1150 and 1400C. The main internal reaction is described below: :Ca10(PO4)6F2 + 15C + 9SiO2 → 3P2(g) + 9 CaO•SiO2)+ CaF2 + 15CO(g) This main reaction produces a liquid calcium silicates slag, carbon monoxide gas and the desired product, phosphorus gas. This process also has i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phosphor Production (en)
A phosphor is a substance that exhibits the optical phenomenon, phenomenon of luminescence; it emits light when exposed to some type of radiant energy. The term is used both for fluorescence, fluorescent or phosphorescence, phosphorescent substances which glow on exposure to ultraviolet or visible light, and cathodoluminescence, cathodoluminescent substances which glow when struck by an electron beam (cathode rays) in a cathode-ray tube. When a phosphor is exposed to radiation, the orbital electrons in its molecules are excited to a higher energy level; when they return to their former level they emit the energy as light of a certain color. Phosphors can be classified into two categories: fluorescent substances which emit the energy immediately and stop glowing when the exciting radiation is turned off, and Phosphorescence, phosphorescent substances which emit the energy after a delay, so they keep glowing after the radiation is turned off, decaying in brightness over a peri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
