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Submarines Of The Imperial Japanese Navy
Imperial Japanese Navy submarines originated with the purchase of five Holland type submarines from the United States in 1904. Japanese submarine forces progressively built up strength and expertise, becoming by the beginning of World War II one of the world's most varied and powerful submarine fleets. Origins The Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) acquired its first submarines during the Russo-Japanese War on 12 December 1904 where they arrived in sections at the Yokohama dockyards. The vessels were purchased from the relatively new American company, Electric Boat, and were fully assembled and ready for combat operations by August 1905.Jentschura p. 160 However, hostilities with Russia were nearing its end by that date, and no submarines saw action during the war. The submarines that Electric Boat sold to Japan were based on the Holland designs, known as Holland Type VIIs similar to the American s. The five imported Hollands were originally built at Fore River Ship and Engine Compa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Holland (SS-1)
USS ''Holland'' (SS-1) was the United States Navy's first modern commissioned submarine, although not the first military submarine of the United States, which was the 1775 submersible ''Turtle''. The boat was originally laid down as ''Holland VI'' at the Crescent Shipyard of Elizabeth, New Jersey for John Philip Holland's Holland Torpedo Boat Company, and launched on 17 May 1897. She was acquired by the USN on 11 April 1900 and commissioned on 12 October 1900, Lieutenant H. H. Caldwell commanding.Friedman, p. 286 Design and construction ''Holland'' was built at former Navy Lieutenant Lewis Nixon's Crescent Shipyard of Elizabeth, New Jersey for John Holland's Holland Torpedo Boat Company, which became the Electric Boat company in 1899. The vessel was built under the supervision of John Philip Holland, who designed the vessel and her details. ''Holland''s keel was laid at Nixon's Crescent Shipyard with both men present. The two men worked together using many of John Holland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Type 1 Submarine
The was the first class submarine of the Imperial Japanese Navy. Consisting of five vessels, they were modified ''Holland''-class vessels built in the United States. Background The Japanese government was aware that the Imperial Russian Navy had obtained ''Fulton'', a prototype of the United States A class or in 1904 and had ordered an additional six vessels, designed by the Electric Boat Company and built in Russia under a 1904 emergency budget for use in the Russo-Japanese War. These vessels, known as the , were assembled in St. Petersburg and were designed to be transportable by train. In order to counter this threat to naval operations against the Russian Pacific Fleet, the Imperial Japanese Navy also made a contract with the Electric Boat Company and its Fore River Shipyard subcontractor for the construction of five Type VII submarines, a more advanced design than the Russian version, which had been developed in Lewis Nixon's Crescent Shipyard in an unsuccessful bid for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seto Inland Sea
The , sometimes shortened to the Inland Sea, is the body of water separating Honshū, Shikoku, and Kyūshū, three of the four main islands of Japan. It serves as a waterway connecting the Pacific Ocean to the Sea of Japan. It connects to Osaka Bay and provides a sea transport link to industrial centers in the Kansai region, including Osaka and Kobe. Before the construction of the San'yō Main Line, it was the main transportation link between Kansai and Kyūshū. Yamaguchi Prefecture, Yamaguchi, Hiroshima Prefecture, Hiroshima, Okayama Prefecture, Okayama, Hyōgo Prefecture, Hyōgo, Osaka Prefecture, Osaka, Wakayama Prefecture, Wakayama, Kagawa Prefecture, Kagawa, Ehime Prefecture, Ehime, Tokushima Prefecture, Tokushima, Fukuoka Prefecture, Fukuoka, and Ōita Prefecture, Ōita prefectures have coastlines on the Seto Inland Sea; the cities of Hiroshima, Iwakuni, Takamatsu, Kagawa, Takamatsu, and Matsuyama, Ehime, Matsuyama are also located on it. The Setouchi Region, Setouchi re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kure Naval District
was the second of four main administrative districts of the pre-war Imperial Japanese Navy. Its territory included the Seto Inland Sea, Inland Sea of Japan and the Pacific Ocean, Pacific coasts of southern Honshū from Wakayama prefecture, Wakayama to Yamaguchi prefectures, eastern and northern Kyūshū and Shikoku. The area of the Kure Naval District encompassed Hashirajima Anchoring Area located at the south end of Hiroshima Bay, 30-40 kilometers southwest of Kure. When not in need of repairs ships usually anchored in this area to free up pier space at Kure. Hashirajima was also a major staging area for fleet operations. Tokuyama, Yamaguchi, Tokuyama port, was also part of Kure Naval District, and had the largest fuel depot in the Japanese Navy. History The location of Kure, Hiroshima, Kure within the sheltered Inland Sea of Japan was recognized of strategic importance in controlling the sea lanes around western Japan by the Meiji government and early Imperial Japanese Navy. Wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsutomu Sakuma
was a career naval officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy, and a pioneer submarine commander, known primarily as the commanding officer during the sinking of Submarine ''No.6''. Biography Born in Mikata District Fukui prefecture (present-day city of Wakasa, Fukui), to the family of a Shinto priest, Sakuma graduated from the 29th class of the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy in 1901. One of his classmates was the future Navy Minister and Prime Minister of Japan Mitsumasa Yonai. He was assigned to the cruiser shortly before the start of the Russo-Japanese War. He subsequently served with the 15th Torpedo Boat Flotilla, and was on board the cruiser during the Battle of Tsushima on May 26, 1905. After completing the torpedo warfare school, Sakuma served on the submarine tender and was later a squad leader on the . He started to get involved in the submarine service in 1906, first taking the command of the ''No.4 submarine'', and eventually the Japan-built Holland-type ''No.6 '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hiroshima Bay
is a bay in the Inland Sea, Japan.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Hiroshima Wan" in . Administratively, the bay is divided between Hiroshima and Yamaguchi Prefectures. The bay's shore is a Ria. Its surface area is about 1,000 km², with a mean depth of 25 meters. Municipalities * Kure, Hiroshima *Saka, Hiroshima *Kaita, Hiroshima *Fuchū, Hiroshima *Hiroshima *Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima * Ōtake, Hiroshima *Etajima, Hiroshima * Waki, Yamaguchi *Iwakuni, Yamaguchi Major rivers * Kyōbashi River * Motoyasu River *Ōta River *Oze River * Tenma River Major islands * Kanawajima * Tōgejima *Ninoshima *Enoshima *Etajima * Ōnasabijima ( Ōnasamitō) * Ogurokamijima * Nomijima ** West Nomijima ** East Nomijima * Ōkurokamishima * Kurahashijima * Nasakejima * Atatajima * Inokojima *Itsukushima *Nagashima * Okinoshima * Kabutojima Trivia Jaco Pastorius once threw his "Bass of Doom" ( Fender Jazz Bass) into the Hiroshima Bay. References Hiroshima is the capital o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kure
is a port and major shipbuilding city situated on the Seto Inland Sea in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. With a strong industrial and naval heritage, Kure hosts the second-oldest naval dockyard in Japan and remains an important base for the Japan Maritime Self-Defence Force (JMSDF) named, JMSDF Kure Naval Base. , the city has an estimated population of 228,030 and a population density of 646 persons per km2. The total area is 352.80 km2. History The Kure Naval District was first established in 1889, leading to the construction of the Kure Naval Arsenal and the rapid growth of steel production and shipbuilding in the city. Kure was formally incorporated on October 1, 1902. From 1889 until the end of World War II, the city served as the headquarters of the Kure Naval District. Kure dockyards recorded a number of significant engineering firsts including the launching of the first major domestically built capital ship, the battlecruiser ''Tsukuba'' (1905) and the launching of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kobe
Kobe ( , ; officially , ) is the capital city of Hyōgo Prefecture Japan. With a population around 1.5 million, Kobe is Japan's seventh-largest city and the third-largest port city after Tokyo and Yokohama. It is located in Kansai region, which makes up the southern side of the main island of Honshū, on the north shore of Osaka Bay. It is part of the Keihanshin metropolitan area along with Osaka and Kyoto. The Kobe city centre is located about west of Osaka and southwest of Kyoto. The earliest written records regarding the region come from the '' Nihon Shoki'', which describes the founding of the Ikuta Shrine by Empress Jingū in AD 201.Ikuta Shrine official website – "History of Ikuta Shrine" (Japanese) [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Type 6 Submarine
The was the first class of submarines of the Imperial Japanese Navy built domestically in Japan. Consisting of two vessels, these submarines were highly modified versions of ''Holland''-class vessels designed in the United States. Background During the Russo-Japanese War, the Japanese government had purchased five modified ''Holland''-class submarines from the Electric Boat Company's Fore River Shipyards in Quincy, Massachusetts.Jentschura p. 160 These vessels, known as the Type 1 class were delivered to Japan in knock-down form, and re-assembled at the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal. However, simultaneously, the Japanese government had obtained copies of the blueprints for the ''Holland''-class submarines, and had assigned Kawasaki Dockyards in Kobe the task of building similar vessels in Japan. Construction and operational history Kawasaki built two boats (Hulls No. 6 and 7), with the help of two American engineers, Chase and Herbert, who had been assistants to John Philip Holland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torpedo
A modern torpedo is an underwater ranged weapon launched above or below the water surface, self-propelled towards a target, and with an explosive warhead designed to detonate either on contact with or in proximity to the target. Historically, such a device was called an automotive, automobile, locomotive, or fish torpedo; colloquially a ''fish''. The term ''torpedo'' originally applied to a variety of devices, most of which would today be called naval mine, mines. From about 1900, ''torpedo'' has been used strictly to designate a self-propelled underwater explosive device. While the 19th-century battleship had evolved primarily with a view to engagements between armored warships with naval artillery, large-caliber guns, the invention and refinement of torpedoes from the 1860s onwards allowed small torpedo boats and other lighter surface combatant , surface vessels, submarines/submersibles, even improvised fishing boats or frogmen, and later light aircraft, to destroy large shi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beam (nautical)
The beam of a ship is its width at its widest point. The maximum beam (BMAX) is the distance between planes passing through the outer extremities of the ship, beam of the hull (BH) only includes permanently fixed parts of the hull, and beam at waterline (BWL) is the maximum width where the hull intersects the surface of the water. Generally speaking, the wider the beam of a ship (or boat), the more initial stability it has, at the expense of secondary stability in the event of a capsize, where more energy is required to right the vessel from its inverted position. A ship that heels on her ''beam ends'' has her deck beams nearly vertical. Typical values Typical length-to-beam ratios ( aspect ratios) for small sailboats are from 2:1 (dinghies to trailerable sailboats around ) to 5:1 (racing sailboats over ). Large ships have widely varying beam ratios, some as large as 20:1. Rowing shells designed for flatwater racing may have length to beam ratios as high as 30:1, while a cor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Length Overall
__NOTOC__ Length overall (LOA, o/a, o.a. or oa) is the maximum length of a vessel's hull measured parallel to the waterline. This length is important while docking the ship. It is the most commonly used way of expressing the size of a ship, and is also used for calculating the cost of a marina berth (for example, £2.50 per metre LOA). LOA is usually measured on the hull alone. For sailing ships, this may ''exclude'' the bowsprit and other fittings added to the hull. This is how some racing boats and tall ships use the term LOA. However, other sources may include bowsprits in LOA. Confusingly, LOA has different meanings. "Sparred length", "Total length including bowsprit", "Mooring length" and "LOA including bowsprit" are other expressions that might indicate the full length of a sailing ship. LOD Often used to distinguish between the length of a vessel including projections (e.g. bow sprits, etc.) from the length of the hull itself, the Length on Deck or LOD is often repor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
