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String Quartet No. 4 (Oswald)
The String Quartet No. 4 in C minor, Op. 46, by Henrique Oswald was finished between July and August 1921.Martins (1995), p. 105. It is the composer's last major chamber work. Approximate duration is 15 minutes. History In 1921 Oswald was already 69 years old. According to José Eduardo Martins, this quartet is a synthesis of his entire chamber production, with its musical texture being extremely pure. On this composition Oswald's wife Laudômia wrote in her diary: "The daddy's Quartet is modern, splendid, especially the ''Adagio'' (November 29)." Same year he composed the ''Étude for the left hand alone''. The quartet had bad luck in Rio de Janeiro. On the contrary, a performance in São Paulo in February 1927 was highly successful.Martins (1995), p. 135. Composer Ernani Braga commented it: "One can't say which of the three movements of this quartet to admire more. The inspiration flows clearly and spontaneously, as if it were coming from wonderful and inexhaustible anci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
String Quartet
The term string quartet can refer to either a type of musical composition or a group of four people who play them. Many composers from the mid-18th century onwards wrote string quartets. The associated musical ensemble consists of two violinists, a violist, and a cellist. The string quartet was developed into its present form by composers such as Franz Xaver Richter, and Joseph Haydn, whose works in the 1750s established the ensemble as a group of four more-or-less equal partners. Since Haydn the string quartet has been considered a prestigious form; writing for four instruments with broadly similar characteristics both constrains and tests a composer. String quartet composition flourished in the Classical era, and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Schubert each wrote a number of them. Many Romantic and early-twentieth-century composers composed string quartets, including Felix Mendelssohn, Robert Schumann, Johannes Brahms, AntonÃn Dvořák, LeoÅ¡ Janà ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
C Minor
C minor is a minor scale based on C, consisting of the pitches C, D, E, F, G, A, and B. Its key signature consists of three flats. Its relative major is E major and its parallel major is C major. The C natural minor scale is: : Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The C harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are: : : Notable compositions * Charles-Valentin Alkan ** Prelude Op. 31, No. 16 (Assez lentement) ** Symphony for Solo Piano, 1st movement: Allegro ** Trois grandes études, Op. 76, No. 3 "Mouvement semblable et perpetuel" (Rondo-Toccata) for the hands reunited * Johannes Sebastian Bach **Passacaglia and Fugue in C minor, BWV 582 **Lute Suite in C minor, BWV 997 ** Cello Suite No. 5, BWV 1011 **The Musical Offering, BWV 1079 ** Partita No. 2, BWV 826 *Ludwig van Beethoven (See Beethoven and C minor) ** Piano Sonata No. 5 ** Piano Sonata No. 8 (''Pathétique'') ** Piano Concer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Compositions By Henrique Oswald
List of compositions by Brazilian composer Henrique Oswald, by genre. Opera *'' La croce d'oro'' he Golden Cross 3 acts (1872, unpublished, performances unknown) *'' Il Neo (La mouche), Novelletta musicale in 3 piccoli quadri'', 1 act (1900, libretto by Eduardo Filippi, after ''La mouche'' by Alfred de Musset; unpublished, performed in 1900?, 1925, 1929?; 1950 and/or 1952; 1954) *'' Le Fate, Fiaba musicale in due parti'' he Fairies 2 acts, (1902-1903, libretto by Eduardo Filippi; unpublished, performances unknown) Vocal with orchestra *''Invocação à arte'' nvocation of the arts for chorus and orchestra (1917) *''L'enseigne'' he ensign for solo voice and orchestra, in three parts (1917, French text by Jacques d'Avray, pseud. of ; there is a version of II arranged for voice and piano) ::I. ''L'aveugle'' in G minor ::II. ''Le troubadour'' in C major ::III. ''L'enamourée'' in B minor Sacred Music (complete list) ;For mixed chorus *Mass in C minor (Missa Solene) - SATB chor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henrique Oswald
Henrique José Pedro Maria Carlos Luis Oswald (April 14, 1852 – June 9, 1931) was a Brazilian composer and pianist. Biography Oswald was born in Rio de Janeiro. His father was a Swiss-German immigrant and his mother from Italy. The family name was changed from "Oschwald" due to concerns of discrimination. In 1854 the Oswald family moved to São Paulo. His mother taught music privately to aristocrats and by age twelve he had his first recital. In São Paulo, he also studied with Gabriel Guiraudon. His "farewell recital" occurred at age 16, after this he went to study in Europe. He studied in Europe then spent several years in Florence. In 1902 he won a piano composition competition sponsored by ''Le Figaro'' with a piece ''Il neige!..'' ("It's snowing!"). He then left his family in Europe (they moved to Brazil much later) and from 1903 to 1906 directed the '' Instituto Nacional de Música'' in Rio de Janeiro. He also served as Brazilian consul in both The Hague and Genoa. He died ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Eduardo Martins (pianist)
José Eduardo Gandra da Silva Martins, born 1938, is a Brazilian concert pianist. Career He began his career with a performance at the Colombo Theater in São Paulo on December 10, 1954, which included contemporary works by Dmitri Shostakovich. Martins was Professor at the university of São Paulo between 1982-2007. He recorded several albums with compositions by Henrique Oswald, including his cello sonatas No. 1 and No. 2, Piano Quartet No. 2 and Piano Quintet. He commissioned works from the composer Gilberto Mendes including ''Um Estudo? Eisler e Webern Caminham nos Mares do Sul''. Honours * Officer in the Order of the Crown, by royal decree of King Albert II. * Doctor Honoris Causa University Constantin Brâncuşi * Order of Rio Branco The Order of Rio Branco (''Ordem de Rio Branco'') is an honorific order of Brazil instituted by decree 51.697 of February 5, 1963. It is named in honor of the Brazilian diplomat José Paranhos, Baron of Rio Branco. The President ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rio De Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third-most populous state, and the second-most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a beta global city, Rio de Janeiro is the sixth-most populous city in the Americas. Part of the city has been designated as a World Heritage Site, named "Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea", on 1 July 2012 as a Cultural Landscape. Founded in 1565 by the Portuguese, the city was initially the seat of the Captaincy of Rio de Janeiro, a domain of the Portuguese Empire. In 1763, it became the capital of the State of Brazil, a state of the Portuguese Empire. In 1808, when the Portuguese Royal Court moved to Brazil, Rio de Janeiro became the seat of the court of Queen Maria I of Portugal. She subsequently, under the leadership of her son the prince regent João VI of Portugal, raised Brazil to the dignity of a k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
São Paulo
São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for 'Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the GaWC as an alpha global city, São Paulo is the most populous city proper in the Americas, the Western Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere, as well as the world's 4th largest city proper by population. Additionally, São Paulo is the largest Portuguese-speaking city in the world. It exerts strong international influences in commerce, finance, arts and entertainment. The city's name honors the Apostle, Saint Paul of Tarsus. The city's metropolitan area, the Greater São Paulo, ranks as the most populous in Brazil and the 12th most populous on Earth. The process of conurbation between the metropolitan areas around the Greater São Paulo (Campinas, Santos, JundiaÃ, Sorocaba and São José dos Campos) created the São Paulo Macrometr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernani Braga
Ernani Braga (born Hernani da Costa Braga;Celina Garcia Delmonaco Tarragò Grovermann''O ''Cancioneiro Gaúcho'' de Ernani Braga: um estudo histórico analÃtico de uma obra composta para o Bicentenário de Porto Alegre em 1940''.(Master thesis). Porto Alegre, 2011. January 10, 1888 – September 17, 1948) was a Brazilian composer, pianist and conductor, concerned to belong to the second generation of the nationalists in music. He composed works for voice, choir, orchestra and piano. He is little known outside the South America. Antônio Francisco Braga (1868–1945), with whom he is sometimes confused, was his teacher and friend. Among Ernani Braga's pupils was Camargo Guarnieri. Life Early years and studies Braga was born in Rio de Janeiro on January 10, 1888 to a Portuguese family, a fifth child of the nine. His father, João Joaquim da Costa Braga, was a prosperous merchant, who moved to Brazil in the middle of the 19th century. His mother was Antônia Maria Xavier Braga. E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
F Minor
F minor is a minor scale based on F, consisting of the pitches F, G, A, B, C, D, and E. Its key signature consists of four flats. Its relative major is A-flat major and its parallel major is F major. Its enharmonic equivalent, E-sharp minor, has eight sharps, including the double sharp F, which makes it impractical to use. The F natural minor scale is : Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The F harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are : : Music in F minor Famous pieces in the key of F minor include Beethoven's ''Appassionata Sonata'', Chopin's Piano Concerto No. 2, Ballade No. 4, Haydn's Symphony No. 49, ''La Passione'' and Tchaikovsky’s Symphony No. 4. Glenn Gould once said if he could be any key, he would be F minor, because "it's rather dour, halfway between complex and stable, between upright and lascivious, between gray and highly tinted... There is a certain obliquen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
C Major
C major (or the key of C) is a major scale based on C, consisting of the pitches C, D, E, F, G, A, and B. C major is one of the most common keys used in music. Its key signature has no flats or sharps. Its relative minor is A minor and its parallel minor is C minor. The C major scale is: : On the piano, the C major scale can be played by playing only the white keys starting on C. Compositions Twenty of Joseph Haydn's 106 symphonies are in C major, making it his second most-used key, second to D major. Of the 134 symphonies mistakenly attributed to Haydn that H. C. Robbins Landon lists in his catalog, 33 are in C major, more than any other key. Before the invention of the valves, Haydn did not write trumpet and timpani parts in his symphonies, except those in C major. Landon writes that it wasn't "until 1774 that Haydn uses trumpets and timpani in a key other than C major... and then only sparingly." Most of Haydn's symphonies in C major are labelled "festive" an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sonata Form
Sonata form (also ''sonata-allegro form'' or ''first movement form'') is a musical form, musical structure generally consisting of three main sections: an exposition, a development, and a recapitulation. It has been used widely since the middle of the 18th century (the early Classical music era, Classical period). While it is typically used in the first Movement (music), movement of multi-movement pieces, it is sometimes used in subsequent movements as well—particularly the final movement. The teaching of sonata form in music theory rests on a standard definition and a series of hypotheses about the underlying reasons for the durability and variety of the form—a definition that arose in the second quarter of the 19th century. There is little disagreement that on the largest level, the form consists of three main sections: an exposition, a development, and a recapitulation; however, beneath this general structure, sonata form is difficult to pin down to a single model. The st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
E-flat Major
E-flat major (or the key of E-flat) is a major scale based on E, consisting of the pitches E, F, G, A, B, C, and D. Its key signature has three flats. Its relative minor is C minor, and its parallel minor is E minor, (or enharmonically D minor). The E-flat major scale is: : Characteristics The key of E-flat major is often associated with bold, heroic music, in part because of Beethoven's usage. His ''Eroica Symphony'', ''Emperor Concerto'' and ''Grand Sonata'' are all in this key. Beethoven's (hypothetical) 10th Symphony is also in E-flat. But even before Beethoven, Francesco Galeazzi identified E-flat major as "a heroic key, extremely majestic, grave and serious: in all these features it is superior to that of C." Three of Mozart's completed Horn Concertos and Joseph Haydn's Trumpet Concerto are in E-flat major, and so is Anton Bruckner's Fourth Symphony with its prominent horn theme in the first movement. Another notable heroic piece in the key of E-flat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
