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Stony Brook (Fishing Creek)
Stony Brook is a tributary of Fishing Creek in Columbia County, Pennsylvania. It is long and flows through North Centre Township and Orange Township. The stream's watershed has an area of 3.72 square miles. It flows through a steep ravine which is inhabited by numerous plant species for much of its length. The fossil-rich Stony Brook Beds also have an outcropping near the stream. In the 1870s, it was considered for use as a water supply by the Bloomsburg Water Company. Course Stony Brook starts in northwestern North Centre Township, on the southern edge of Knob Mountain. It begins flowing southwest and almost immediately crosses Pennsylvania Route 93. Shortly afterwards, it leaves North Centre Township, after which it enters Orange Township and continues southwest, where it enters a valley. The valley gets steeper as the stream turns south and then west, flowing north of Summer Hill. The stream crosses Pennsylvania Route 487 and shortly reaches its confluence with Fishing Cre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fishing Creek (North Branch Susquehanna River)
Fishing Creek is a long tributary of the Susquehanna River in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It joins the Susquehanna River near the census-designated place of Rupert, Pennsylvania, Rupert and the town of Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania, Bloomsburg. The drainage basin, watershed has an area of . Nomadic Native Americans arrived in the lower reaches of Fishing Creek around 8000 BCE, and some were spending winters in the upper reaches of the valley by 3000 to 2000 BCE. In the past few centuries, the Fishing Creek area has been home to many industries, watermill, mills, and dams. It drains parts of five Pennsylvania counties: Columbia, Montour County, Pennsylvania, Montour, Sullivan County, Pennsylvania, Sullivan, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, Luzerne, and Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, Lycoming. The creek's main tributaries include Hemlock Creek (Fishing Creek tributary), Hemlock Creek, Little Fishing Creek, Green Creek (Fishing Creek) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Quality
Water quality refers to the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water based on the standards of its usage. It is most frequently used by reference to a set of standards against which compliance, generally achieved through treatment of the water, can be assessed. The most common standards used to monitor and assess water quality convey the health of ecosystems, safety of human contact, extend of water pollution and condition of drinking water. Water quality has a significant impact on water supply and oftentimes determines supply options. Categories The parameters for water quality are determined by the intended use. Work in the area of water quality tends to be focused on water that is treated for potability, industrial/domestic use, or restoration (of an environment/ecosystem, generally for health of human/aquatic life). Human consumption Contaminants that may be in untreated water include microorganisms such as viruses, protozoa and bacteria; inorganic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fraxinus Americana
''Fraxinus americana'', the white ash or American ash, is a species of '' ash tree'' native to eastern and central North America. The species is native to mesophytic hardwood forests from Nova Scotia west to Minnesota, south to northern Florida, and southwest to eastern Texas. Isolated populations have also been found in western Texas Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ..., Wyoming, and Colorado, and the species is reportedly naturalized in Hawaii. There are an estimated 8 billion ash trees in the United States – the majority being the white ash trees and the Fraxinus pennsylvanica, green ash trees. Characteristics The name white ash derives from the glaucous undersides of the leaves. It is similar in appearance to the green ash, making identification difficult. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tulip Poplar
''Liriodendron tulipifera''—known as the tulip tree, American tulip tree, tulipwood, tuliptree, tulip poplar, whitewood, fiddletree, and yellow-poplar—is the North American representative of the two-species genus ''Liriodendron'' (the other member is ''Liriodendron chinense''), and the tallest eastern hardwood. It is native to eastern North America from Southern Ontario and possibly southern Quebec to Illinois eastward to southwestern Massachusetts and Rhode Island, and south to central Florida and Louisiana. It can grow to more than in virgin cove forests of the Appalachian Mountains, often with no limbs until it reaches in height, making it a very valuable timber tree. The tallest individual at the present time (2021) is one called the Fork Ridge Tulip Tree at a secret location in the Great Smoky Mountains of North Carolina. Repeated measurements by laser and tape-drop have shown it to be in height. This is the tallest known individual tree in eastern North America. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pignut Hickory
''Carya glabra'', the pignut hickory, is a common, but not abundant species of hickory in the oak-hickory forest association in the Eastern United States and Canada. Other common names are pignut, sweet pignut, coast pignut hickory, smoothbark hickory, swamp hickory, and broom hickory. The pear-shaped nut ripens in September and October, has a sweet maple like smell, and is an important part of the diet of many wild animals. The wood is used for a variety of products, including fuel for home heating. Its leaves turn yellow in the Fall. Habitat Native range The range of pignut hickory covers nearly all of the eastern United States (11). The species grows in central Florida and northward through North Carolina to southern Massachusetts. It also grows north of the Gulf Coast through Alabama, Mississippi north to Missouri and extreme southeastern Iowa, and the Lower Peninsula of Michigan . The best development of this species is in the lower Ohio River Basin. It prevails over oth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Cherry
''Prunus serotina'', commonly called black cherry,World Economic Plants: A Standard Reference, Second Edition'. CRC Press; 19 April 2016. . p. 833–. wild black cherry, rum cherry, or mountain black cherry, is a deciduous tree or shrub of the genus ''Prunus''. Despite being called black cherry, it is not very closely related to the commonly cultivated cherries such as sweet cherry (''P. avium''), sour cherry (''P. cerasus'') and Japanese flowering cherries (''P. serrulata'', ''P. speciosa'', ''P. sargentii'', ''P. incisa'', etc.) which belong to ''Prunus'' subg. ''Cerasus''. Instead, ''P. serotina'' belongs to ''Prunus'' subg. ''Padus'', a subgenus also including Eurasian bird cherry (''P. padus'') and chokecherry (''P. virginiana''). The species is widespread and common in North America and South America. Black cherry is closely related to the chokecherry (''P. virginiana''); chokecherry, however, tends to be shorter (a shrub or small tree) and has smaller, less glossy leav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yellow Birch
''Betula alleghaniensis'', the yellow birch, golden birch, or swamp birch, is a large tree and an important lumber species of birch native to northeastern North America. Its vernacular names refer to the golden color of the tree's bark. In the past the species name was ''Betula lutea''. ''Betula alleghaniensis'' is the provincial tree of Quebec, where it is commonly called ''merisier'', a name which in France is used for the wild cherry. Description It is a medium-sized, typically single stemmed, deciduous tree reaching tall (exceptionally to ) with a trunk typically in diameter, making it the largest North American species of birch. Yellow birch is long-lived, typically 150 years and some old growth forest specimens may last for 300 years. It mostly reproduces by seed. Mature trees typically start producing seeds at about 40 years but may start as young as 20. The optimum age for seed production is about 70 years. Good seed crops are not produced every year, and tend to be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basswood
''Tilia americana'' is a species of tree in the family Malvaceae, native to eastern North America, from southeast Manitoba east to New Brunswick, southwest to northeast Oklahoma, southeast to South Carolina, and west along the Niobrara River to Cherry County, Nebraska. It is the sole representative of its genus in the Western Hemisphere, assuming ''T. caroliniana'' is treated as a subspecies or local ecotype of ''T. americana''. Common names include American basswood and American linden. Description The American basswood is a medium-sized to large deciduous tree reaching a height of exceptionally with a trunk diameter of at maturity. It grows faster than many North American hardwoods, often twice the annual growth rate of American beech and many birch species. Life expectancy is around 200 years, with flowering and seeding generally occurring between 15 and 100 years, though occasionally seed production may start as early as eight years. The crown is domed, the branches ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beech
Beech (''Fagus'') is a genus of deciduous trees in the family Fagaceae, native to temperate Europe, Asia, and North America. Recent classifications recognize 10 to 13 species in two distinct subgenera, ''Engleriana'' and ''Fagus''. The ''Engleriana'' subgenus is found only in East Asia, distinctive for its low branches, often made up of several major trunks with yellowish bark. The better known ''Fagus'' subgenus beeches are high-branching with tall, stout trunks and smooth silver-grey bark. The European beech (''Fagus sylvatica'') is the most commonly cultivated. Beeches are monoecious, bearing both male and female flowers on the same plant. The small flowers are unisexual, the female flowers borne in pairs, the male flowers wind-pollinating catkins. They are produced in spring shortly after the new leaves appear. The fruit of the beech tree, known as beechnuts or mast, is found in small burrs that drop from the tree in autumn. They are small, roughly triangular, and edible, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsuga
''Tsuga'' (, from Japanese (), the name of ''Tsuga sieboldii'') is a genus of conifers in the subfamily Abietoideae of Pinaceae, the pine family. The common name hemlock is derived from a perceived similarity in the smell of its crushed foliage to that of the unrelated plant poison hemlock. Unlike the latter, ''Tsuga'' species are not poisonous. The genus comprises eight to ten species (depending on the authority), with four species occurring in North America and four to six in eastern Asia. Description They are medium-sized to large evergreen trees, ranging from tall, with a conical to irregular crown, the latter occurring especially in some of the Asian species. The leading shoots generally droop. The bark is scaly and commonly deeply furrowed, with the colour ranging from grey to brown. The branches stem horizontally from the trunk and are usually arranged in flattened sprays that bend downward towards their tips. Short spur shoots, which are present in many gymnosperms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pennsylvania Department Of Environmental Protection
The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) is the agency in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania responsible for protecting and preserving the land, air, water, and public health through enforcement of the state's environmental laws. It was created by Act 18 of 1995, which split the Department of Environmental Resources into the Department of Environmental Protection and the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Its current acting secretary is Ramez Ziadeh. The Department of Environmental Resources was created by Act 275 of 1970, which abolished the Department of Forest and Waters. The Department of Forest and Waters was created by the General Assembly in 1901. The Department of Environmental Protection is charged with the responsibility for development of a balanced ecological system incorporating social, cultural, and economic needs of the commonwealth through development and protection. The department is responsible for the state's land, air, and water ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wetland Near The Headwaters Of Stony Brook 4
A wetland is a distinct ecosystem that is flooded or saturated by water, either permanently (for years or decades) or seasonally (for weeks or months). Flooding results in oxygen-free (anoxic) processes prevailing, especially in the soils. The primary factor that distinguishes wetlands from terrestrial land forms or Body of water, water bodies is the characteristic vegetation of aquatic plants, adapted to the unique anoxic hydric soils. Wetlands are considered among the most biologically diverse of all ecosystems, serving as home to a wide range of plant and animal species. Methods for assessing wetland functions, wetland ecological health, and general wetland condition have been developed for many regions of the world. These methods have contributed to wetland conservation partly by raising public awareness of the functions some wetlands provide. Wetlands occur naturally on every continent. The water in wetlands is either freshwater, brackish or saltwater. The main wetland type ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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