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Stilbum Cyanurum
''Stilbum cyanurum'', is a large Old World species of cuckoo wasps (insects in the family Chrysididae). Description ''Stilbum cyanurum'' can reach a length of about . The colour range of this widespread species is considerable, with typical specimens mostly bluish green to bluish-violet, but varying to reddish gold. Biology These wasps lay their eggs in the nests of various potter wasps ('' Delta unguiculatum'', '' Katamenes arbustorum''), sphecid wasps (''Sceliphron caementarium'', ''Sceliphron destillatorium ''Sceliphron'', also known as black mud daubers or black mud-dauber wasps, is a genus of Hymenoptera of the Sphecidae family of wasps. They are solitary mud daubers and build nests made of mud. Nests are frequently constructed in shaded niches, o ...'' and '' Sceliphron madraspatanum''), and megachilid bees ('' Megachile''). Distribution This widespread species is present in southern Europe, North Africa, the Afrotropical Region, Australian Region, East Palearctic ec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Reinhold Forster
Johann Reinhold Forster (22 October 1729 – 9 December 1798) was a German Continental Reformed church, Reformed (Calvinist) pastor and natural history, naturalist of partially Scottish descent who made contributions to the early ornithology of Europe and North America. He is best known as the naturalist on James Cook's Second voyage of James Cook, second Pacific voyage, where he was accompanied by his son Georg Forster. These expeditions promoted the career of Johann Reinhold Forster and the findings became the bedrock of colonial professionalism and helped set the stage for the future development of anthropology and ethnology. They also laid the framework for general concern about the impact that alteration of the physical environment for European economic expansion would have on exotic societies. Biography Forster's family originated in the Lord Forrester, Lords Forrester in Scotland from where his great-grandfather had emigrated after losing most of his property during the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old World
The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe , after Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia, which were previously thought of by their inhabitants as comprising the entire world, with the "New World", a term for the newly encountered lands of the Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas. Etymology In the context of archaeology and world history, the term "Old World" includes those parts of the world which were in (indirect) cultural contact from the Bronze Age onwards, resulting in the parallel development of the early civilizations, mostly in the temperate zone between roughly the 45th and 25th parallels north, in the area of the Mediterranean, including North Africa. It also included Mesopotamia, the Persian plateau, the Indian subcontinent, China, and parts of Sub-Saharan Africa. These regions were connected via the Silk Road trade route, and they have a p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuckoo Wasp
Commonly known as cuckoo wasps or emerald wasps, the hymenopteran family Chrysididae is a very large cosmopolitan group (over 3000 described species) of parasitoid or kleptoparasitic wasps, often highly sculptured, with brilliant metallic colors created by structural coloration. They are most diverse in desert regions of the world, as they are typically associated with solitary bee and wasp species, which are also most diverse in such areas. Their brood parasitic lifestyle has led to the evolution of fascinating adaptations, including chemical mimicry of host odors by some species. Nomenclature The term "cuckoo wasp" refers to the cuckoo-like way in which wasps in the family lay eggs in the nests of unrelated host species. The term is also used for some wasps outside of the family, such as '' Sapyga louisi''. Chrysididae, the scientific name of the family, refers to their shiny bodies and is derived from Greek ''chrysis, chrysid-'', "gold vessel, gold-embroidered dress", plus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potter Wasp
Potter wasps (or mason wasps), the Eumeninae, are a cosmopolitan wasp group presently treated as a subfamily of Vespidae, but sometimes recognized in the past as a separate family, Eumenidae. Recognition Most eumenine species are black or brown, and commonly marked with strikingly contrasting patterns of yellow, white, orange, or red (or combinations thereof), but some species, mostly from tropical regions, show faint to strong blue or green metallic highlights in the background colors. Like most vespids, their wings are folded longitudinally at rest. They are particularly recognized by the following combination of characteristics: # a posterolateral projection known as a parategula on both sides of the mesoscutum; # tarsal claws cleft; # hind coxae with a longitudinal dorsal carina or folding, often developed into a lobe or tooth, and; # fore wings with three submarginal cells. Biology Eumenine wasps are diverse in nest building. The different species may either use existi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Katamenes Arbustorum
''Katamenes arbustorum'' is a species of potter wasp in the subfamily Eumeninae of the Family (biology), family Vespidae. Subspecies * ''Katamenes arbustorum arbustorum'' (Panzer 1799) * ''Katamenes arbustorum burlini'' (Giordani Soika 1949) * ''Katamenes arbustorum soikai'' Borsato 1993 Description ''Katamenes arbustorum'' can reach a length of in the females, of in the males. The body has a black and yellow pattern. Petiole and postpetiole are strongly divided. Biology The flight time is from early June until the end of July. The females build their nests on rocks using small stones and clay. ''Katamenes arbustorum'' are parasitized by the chrysidid wasps ''Stilbum calens'' and ''Stilbum cyanurum''. Distribution This species is present is in North Africa, in southern Europe north to the southern valleys of the Alps. Bibliography * Carpenter, J.M., J. Gusenleitner & M. Madl. 2010a. A Catalogue of the Eumeninae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of the Ethiopian Region excluding Mal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
