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Stereum Lobatum
''Stereum lobatum'' is a basidiomycete crust fungus, which means it does not have the traditional mushroom gills nor stem, but rather grows flat or with shelf-like protrusions on wood. The spores are produced on basidia, just like the gilled mushrooms, but instead of gills, the hymenophore (spore bearing surface) directly houses the reproductive parts. In North America ''S. lobatum'' was long thought to be '' S. ostrea'', but the recent accessibility to DNA sequencing has revealed that the two are distinct, and that ''S. ostrea'' is native to Indonesia and is not found in North America. Description ''Stereum lobatum'' grows in a fan-like shape with a narrowed base, and an upper surface that becomes zonate due to the felted hairs falling off and revealing the brown colour underneath. The overall shape, like most '' Stereum'' species, is fan or oyster-like, spreading outwards from the attachment to the wooden substrate. When bruised the pale brownish yellow will turn a brig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basidiomycota
Basidiomycota () is one of two large divisions that, together with the Ascomycota, constitute the subkingdom Dikarya (often referred to as the "higher fungi") within the kingdom Fungi. Members are known as basidiomycetes. More specifically, Basidiomycota includes these groups: mushrooms, puffballs, stinkhorns, bracket fungi, other polypores, jelly fungi, boletes, chanterelles, earth stars, smuts, bunts, rusts, mirror yeasts, and ''Cryptococcus'', the human pathogenic yeast. Basidiomycota are filamentous fungi composed of hyphae (except for basidiomycota-yeast) and reproduce sexually via the formation of specialized club-shaped end cells called basidia that normally bear external meiospores (usually four). These specialized spores are called basidiospores. However, some Basidiomycota are obligate asexual reproducers. Basidiomycota that reproduce asexually (discussed below) can typically be recognized as members of this division by gross similarity to others, by the form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hardwood
Hardwood is wood from dicot trees. These are usually found in broad-leaved temperate and tropical forests. In temperate and boreal latitudes they are mostly deciduous, but in tropics and subtropics mostly evergreen. Hardwood (which comes from angiosperm trees) contrasts with softwood (which is from gymnosperm trees). Characteristics Hardwoods are produced by angiosperm trees that reproduce by flowers, and have broad leaves. Many species are deciduous. Those of temperate regions lose their leaves every autumn as temperatures fall and are dormant in the winter, but those of tropical regions may shed their leaves in response to seasonal or sporadic periods of drought. Hardwood from deciduous species, such as oak, normally shows annual growth rings, but these may be absent in some tropical hardwoods. Hardwoods have a more complex structure than softwoods and are often much slower growing as a result. The dominant feature separating "hardwoods" from softwoods is the presence o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stereaceae
The Stereaceae are a family of corticioid fungi in the Russulales order. Species in the family have a widespread distribution, are lignicolous or terrestrial (in leaf litter), and typically saprobic. According to the ''Dictionary of the Fungi'', the family contains 22 genera and 125 species. Genera list *'' Acanthobasidium'' *'' Acanthofungus'' *'' Acanthophysium'' *'' Aleurocystis'' *'' Aleurodiscus'' *'' Amylofungus'' *'' Amylohyphus'' *'' Amylosporomyces'' *''Amylostereum'' *''Boidinia'' *'' Chaetoderma'' *'' Conferticium'' *'' Gloeocystidiopsis'' *'' Gloeodontia'' *'' Gloeomyces'' *'' Megalocystidium'' *''Pseudoxenasma'' *'' Scotoderma'' *'' Scytinostromella'' *''Stereum'' *'' Xylobolus'' There is also phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups o ... evidence t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stereum Hirsutum
''Stereum hirsutum'', also called false turkey tail and hairy curtain crust, is a fungus typically forming multiple brackets on dead wood. It is also a plant pathogen infecting peach trees. ''S. hirsutum'' is in turn parasitised by certain other species such as the fungus ''Tremella aurantia''. Substrates for ''S. hirsutum'' include dead limbs and trunks of both hardwoods and conifers.USDA. 200USDA Fungal Database: ''Stereum hirsutum database''/ref> The cap is 1–4 cm wide. The spores are white. It is inedible. Similar species include ''Stereum ochraceoflavum'', ''Stereum ostrea'', and ''Trametes versicolor ''Trametes versicolor''also known as ''Coriolus versicolor'' and ''Polyporus versicolor''is a common polypore mushroom found throughout the world. Meaning 'of several colors', ''versicolor'' reliably describes this fungus that displays a variet ...''. References External links * Fungal tree pathogens and diseases Stone fruit tree diseases Fungi of Europe F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stereum Complicatum
''Stereum'' is the type genus of the Stereaceae family of fungi, in the Russulales order. Until recently, the genus was classified in the Corticiaceae family, of the Corticiales order. However, it was given its own family as a result of the split-up of the Corticiales. Common names for species of this genus include leaf fungus, wax fungus, and shelf fungus. Fungi having a shape similar to a ''Stereum'' are said to have a stereoid shape. ''Stereum'' contains 27 species that have a widespread distribution. Habitat ''Stereum'' species are found to live on all kinds of deadwood or hardwood or dead leaves (they are therefore said to be saprobic). Sometimes they are also found on living leaves. Characteristics ''Stereum'' species are wood decay fungi. Their simple, shelving fruiting bodies have a smooth hymenium, lacking gills or tubes. Like most members or the family Stereaceae, ''Stereum'' fruiting bodies lack clamp connections and produce amyloid basidiospores. The species can ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stereum Fasciatum
''Stereum fasciatum'' is a basidiomycete crust fungus, which means it does not have the traditional mushroom gills nor stem, but rather grows flat or with shelf-like protrusions on wood. The spores are produced on basidia, just like the gilled mushrooms, but instead of gills, the hymenophore (spore bearing surface) directly houses the reproductive parts. In North America ''S. fasciatum'' was long thought to be '' S. ostrea'', but the recent accessibility to DNA sequencing has revealed that the two are distinct, and that ''S. ostrea'' is native to Indonesia and is not found in North America. Description ''Stereum fasciatum'' grows in a fan-like shape with a broad base, and an upper surface that is covered in tufts of upright hairs. The overall shape, like most '' Stereum'' species, is fan or oyster-like, spreading outwards from the attachment to the wooden substrate. Unlike some similar species, when the fertile surface is bruised, it does not stain yellow. Similar species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stereum Subtomentosum
''Stereum'' is the type genus of the Stereaceae family of fungi, in the Russulales order. Until recently, the genus was classified in the Corticiaceae family, of the Corticiales order. However, it was given its own family as a result of the split-up of the Corticiales. Common names for species of this genus include leaf fungus, wax fungus, and shelf fungus. Fungi having a shape similar to a ''Stereum'' are said to have a stereoid shape. ''Stereum'' contains 27 species that have a widespread distribution. Habitat ''Stereum'' species are found to live on all kinds of deadwood or hardwood or dead leaves (they are therefore said to be saprobic). Sometimes they are also found on living leaves. Characteristics ''Stereum'' species are wood decay fungi. Their simple, shelving fruiting bodies have a smooth hymenium, lacking gills or tubes. Like most members or the family Stereaceae, ''Stereum'' fruiting bodies lack clamp connections and produce amyloid basidiospores. The species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trametes
''Trametes'' is a genus of fungi that is distinguished by a pileate basidiocarp, di- to trimitic hyphal systems, smooth non-dextrinoid spores, and a hymenium usually without true hymenial cystidia.Ryvarden L. (1991). "Genera of polypores: Nomenclature and taxonomy." ''Syn. Fung.'' 5: 1–363. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains about fifty species. The genus was circumscribed by Elias Magnus Fries in 1836. ''Trametes'' fungi are food for caterpillars of certain Lepidoptera, mainly fungus moths (Tineidae) such as ''Triaxomera parasitella''. Biotechnology Several species of ''Trametes'' have been investigated for biotechnological application of their lignin-degrading enzymes (particularly laccase and manganese peroxidase) for analytical, industrial or environmental sciences. Selected species *''Trametes gibbosa'' – Lumpy bracket *''Trametes hirsuta'' – Hairy bracket *''Trametes nivosa'' *''Trametes pubescens'' *''Trametes versicolor ''Trametes versicol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polypore
Polypores are a group of fungi that form large fruiting bodies with pores or tubes on the underside (see Delimitation for exceptions). They are a morphological group of basidiomycetes-like gilled mushrooms and hydnoid fungi, and not all polypores are closely related to each other. Polypores are also called bracket fungi or shelf fungi, and they characteristically produce woody, shelf- or bracket-shaped or occasionally circular fruiting bodies that are called conks. Most polypores inhabit tree trunks or branches consuming the wood, but some soil-inhabiting species form mycorrhiza with trees. Polypores and the related corticioid fungi are the most important agents of wood decay, playing a very significant role in nutrient cycling and aiding carbon dioxide absorption by forest ecosystems. Over one thousand polypore species have been described to science, but a large part of the diversity is still unknown even in relatively well-studied temperate areas. Polypores are much more dive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pantropical
A pantropical ("all tropics") distribution is one which covers Tropics, tropical regions of both hemispheres. Examples of species include caecilians, modern sirenians and the plant genera ''Acacia'' and ''Bacopa''. ''Neotropical'' is a zoogeographic term that covers a large part of the Americas, roughly from Mexico and the Caribbean southwards (including cold regions in southernmost South America). ''Palaeotropical'' refers to geographical occurrence. For a distribution to be palaeotropical a taxon must occur in tropical regions in the Old World. According to Armen Takhtajan, Takhtajan (1978), the following families have a pantropical distribution: Annonaceae, Hernandiaceae, Lauraceae, Piperaceae, Urticaceae, Dilleniaceae, Tetrameristaceae, Passifloraceae, Bombacaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Myrtaceae, Anacardiaceae, Sapindaceae, Malpighiaceae, Proteaceae, Bignoniaceae, Orchidaceae and Arecaceae.Takhtajan, A. (1986). ''Floristic Regions of the World''. (translated by T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substrate (biology)
In biology, a substrate is the surface on which an organism (such as a plant, fungus, or animal) lives. A substrate can include biotic or abiotic materials and animals. For example, encrusting algae that lives on a rock (its substrate) can be itself a substrate for an animal that lives on top of the algae. Inert substrates are used as growing support materials in the hydroponic cultivation of plants. In biology substrates are often activated by the nanoscopic process of substrate presentation. In agriculture and horticulture * Cellulose substrate * Expanded clay aggregate (LECA) * Rock wool * Potting soil * Soil In animal biotechnology Requirements for animal cell and tissue culture Requirements for animal cell and tissue culture are the same as described for plant cell, tissue and organ culture (In Vitro Culture Techniques: The Biotechnological Principles). Desirable requirements are (i) air conditioning of a room, (ii) hot room with temperature recorder, (iii) microscope r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
