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Stephanie Williams (diplomat)
Stephanie Turco Williams is an American diplomat. , Williams is the deputy head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) for political affairs. Education and early career After studying in her home country of the United States, Williams obtained a degree in economics and government relations in 1987 at the University of Maryland, College Park, a master's degree in Arab Studies in 1989 at the Center for Contemporary Arab Studies at Georgetown University, and a master's degree in national security in 2008 from the National War College. Williams worked in the private sector in Bahrain before her employment by the United States Department of State. Diplomat US diplomatic representative Williams was the US Deputy Chief of Mission in Bahrain during 2010–2013. In this role, she was also the top US diplomat in Bahrain, the chargé d'affaires, for 10 months during the Bahraini uprising of 2011, during which she and Ludovic Hood were attacked in Bahraini newspapers and on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Support Mission In Libya
The United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) is a United Nations (UN) advanced mission in Libya, created in the aftermath of the Libyan Civil War. UNSMIL is a political mission, not a military mission. The main elements of its mandate defined by the UN include supporting Libyan transitional authorities in "post-conflict efforts", providing mediation in implementing Libyan political agreements, supporting key Libyan institutions and monitoring and reporting on human rights. UNSMIL is led by the UN Department of Political Affairs. Aims and UN hierarchy UNSMIL's initial mandate defined by the UN in 2011 mainly focused on supporting Libyan transitional authorities, including the National Transitional Council of Libya, in "post-conflict efforts" to establish institutions supporting the rule of law. Under United Nations Security Council Resolution 2009 (UNSCR 2009, in 2011), UNSMIL's mandate was more formally defined, in that the United Nations: In 2016, the mandate was ext ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Special Representative Of The Secretary-General
A Special Representative of the Secretary-General is a highly respected expert who has been appointed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations to represent them in meetings with heads of state on critical human rights issues. The representatives can carry out country visits to investigate alleged violations of human rights and act as negotiators on behalf of the United Nations. Current Special Representatives Special Representatives active include: * Virginia Gamba de Potgieter, Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict (SRSG/CAAC), appointed 12 April 2017 * Natalia Gherman, Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Central Asia and Head of the United Nations Regional Centre for Preventive Diplomacy for Central Asia, appointed 15 September 2017 * Nicholas Haysom, Special Representative of the Secretary-General for South Sudan and Head of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS), appointed 15 January 2021 * Jeanine H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Security Council
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the Organs of the United Nations, six principal organs of the United Nations (UN) and is charged with ensuring international security, international peace and security, recommending the admission of new UN members to the United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly, and approving any changes to the UN Charter. Its powers include establishing peacekeeping operations, enacting international sanctions, and authorizing military action. The UNSC is the only UN body with the authority to issue binding United Nations Security Council resolution, resolutions on member states. Like the UN as a whole, the Security Council was created after World War II to address the failings of the League of Nations in maintaining world peace. It held its first session on 17 January 1946 but was largely paralyzed in the following decades by the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union (and their allies). Nevertheless, it authorized ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Washington Post
''The Washington Post'' (also known as the ''Post'' and, informally, ''WaPo'') is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C. It is the most widely circulated newspaper within the Washington metropolitan area and has a large national audience. Daily broadsheet editions are printed for D.C., Maryland, and Virginia. The ''Post'' was founded in 1877. In its early years, it went through several owners and struggled both financially and editorially. Financier Eugene Meyer purchased it out of bankruptcy in 1933 and revived its health and reputation, work continued by his successors Katharine and Phil Graham (Meyer's daughter and son-in-law), who bought out several rival publications. The ''Post'' 1971 printing of the Pentagon Papers helped spur opposition to the Vietnam War. Subsequently, in the best-known episode in the newspaper's history, reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein led the American press's investigation into what became known as the Watergate scandal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Libya Observer
''The Libya Observer'' ( ar, ليبيا أوبزرفر) is an English and Arabic online newspaper based in Tripoli, Libya, created in 2015. History ''The Libya Observer'' claims to have evolved from online social media news articles, first published in April 2014, into a more conventional online newspaper in July 2015. The chief editor is Abdullah Ibrahim. Influence Freedom House used articles by ''Libya Observer'' as a major source of information on Libyan Internet freedom in 2018. See also * List of newspapers in Libya Newspapers in Libya are published in the Arabic and English languages. History ''Al Manqab Al Afriqi'' was the first newspaper in Libya, established in 1827 by the European consuls in Tripoli, and was published in French. In 1866, ''Tarablos al ... References 2015 establishments in Libya Publications established in 2015 Newspapers published in Libya Mass media in Tripoli Arabic-language newspapers African news websites {{Africa-newspaper-st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations. It is the world's largest and most familiar international organization. The UN is headquarters of the United Nations, headquartered on extraterritoriality, international territory in New York City, and has other main offices in United Nations Office at Geneva, Geneva, United Nations Office at Nairobi, Nairobi, United Nations Office at Vienna, Vienna, and Peace Palace, The Hague (home to the International Court of Justice). The UN was established after World War II with Dumbarton Oaks Conference, the aim of preventing future world wars, succeeding the League of Nations, which was characterized as ineffective. On 25 April 1945, 50 governments met in San Francisco for United Nations Conference ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libyan Political Dialogue Forum
The Libyan Political Dialogue Forum (LPDF) is an intra-Libyan political body involved in series of meetings started in late 2020, initially aiming to lead to 2021 Libyan general election, Libyan elections, Libyan peace process and "democractic legitimacy of Libyan institutions", mainly taking place in the context of the Second Libyan Civil War. The LPDF continues with involving both Government of National Unity (Libya), Government of National Unity and the Government of National Stability as current leading elements of the peace process. Background Street protests of the Arab Spring and the NATO military intervention in 2011 turned into the Libyan Civil War (2011), First Libyan Civil War, led to the overthrow of the government and death of Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi. Transitional arrangements were unstable, leading into the Libyan Civil War (2014–present), Second Libyan Civil War and rival Libyan governments. In late 2015, the Skhirat agreement proposed an institutional trans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arms Embargo
An arms embargo is a restriction or a set of sanctions that applies either solely to weaponry or also to "dual-use technology." An arms embargo may serve one or more purposes: * to signal disapproval of the behavior of a certain actor * to maintain neutrality in an ongoing conflict * as a peace mechanism that is part of a peace process to resolve an armed conflict * to limit the ability of an actor to inflict violence on others * to weaken a country's military capabilities before a foreign intervention Historical examples Argentina US President Jimmy Carter imposed an arms embargo on the military government of Argentina in 1977 in response to human rights abuses. An arms embargo was put in place, along with other economic sanctions by the European Economic Community (EEC), within a week of the 1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands by Argentina, two British dependent territories in the South Atlantic. The European nations ended the embargo after the end of the ensuing Falklands W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghassan Salamé
Ghassan Salamé ( ar, غسان سلامة; born 1951) is a Paris-based Lebanese academic. He served as the Lebanese Minister of Culture from 2000 to 2003. He was the Dean of the Paris School of International Affairs (PSIA) and professor of International Relations at Sciences Po. Salamé served as the head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya from 2017 to 2020. Early life and education Ghassan Salamé was born in 1951 in Beirut, Lebanon, originally from Kfardebian. He studied at ( Saint Joseph University) and specialized in public international law (Diploma of Advanced Studies, DEA, University of Paris), as well as in literature (PhD in humanities, Paris III Sorbonne-Nouvelle University) and political science (PhD, Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne University). Salamé is a Melkite Greek Catholic. Career Ghassan Salamé taught international relations at the American University of Beirut and Saint Joseph University in Beirut and, later, at the University of Paris. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libyan Peace Process
The Libyan peace process was a series of meetings, agreements and actions that aimed to resolve the Second Libyan Civil War. Among these were the Skhirat agreement of December 2015 and the plans for the Libyan National Conference in April 2019 that were delayed because of the 2019–20 Western Libya campaign. In July 2019, Ghassan Salamé, the head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL), proposed a three-point peace plan, to consist of a ceasefire, an international meeting of implicated countries for enforcing the arms embargo and an internal Libyan conference composed of economic, military and political "tracks". A several-day ceasefire took place on Eid al-Adha in mid-August 2019 and a ceasefire was declared by both the Government of National Accord (GNA) and the Libyan National Army (LNA) to start on 12 January 2020. A conference between representatives of Mediterranean Basin powers implicated in the Libyan armed conflict as well as Algeria, the Republic of Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Representatives (Libya)
The Libyan House of Representatives (HoR) ( ar, مجلس النواب, translit=Majlis al-Nuwaab, translation=Council of Deputies) is the legislature of Libya resulting from the 2014 Libyan parliamentary election, which had an 18% turnout. In late 2014, following the failed coup attempt to take over the capital Tripoli in the context of the Libyan Civil War, the House of Representatives relocated itself to Tobruk in the far east of Libya. Several HoR sessions were held in Tripoli in May 2019 while Tripoli was under armed attack, electing an Interim Speaker for 45 days. Between 2014 and 2021, the House of Representatives supported the Tobruk-based government led by Abdullah al-Thani before supporting the incumbent Government of National Unity led by Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh. In September 2021, the House of Representatives passed a no-confidence motion against the interim GNU government. History Formation The Libyan House of Representatives officially became a legislative body on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
