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Stenberga Castle
Stenberga Castle (also known as ''Teinperi'') was a small medieval castle in Masku, Finland. It was originally built of gray stone, consisting of two towers with outer dimensions of and , respectively. The castle walls were thick. In a later phase, bricks were also used in the construction. The castle was on a steep rock, presumably an island back then, by the sea near the mouth of Hirvijoki River, flowing from Nousiainen. Due to the post-glacial rebound, the location is now almost from the coastline. Very little remains of the castle. Excavations have not been carried out on the site since the early 20th century, which has given room to dispute the castle's age. Some historians see it as a 14th-century construction, while others date it to the late 12th century, when King Canute built similar-looking small defensive castles in various parts of Sweden. According to more or less vague chronicles, Finland seems to have been under special military attention by Danish, Swedish and Ru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of Finland
The Archdiocese of Turku ( fi, Turun arkkihiippakunta, sv, Åbo ärkestift), historically known as '' Archdiocese of Åbo'', is the seat of the Archbishop of Turku. It is a part of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland, and its see city is Turku. The Archbishop has many administrative tasks relating to the National church, and is the Metropolitan and Primate of the church. In common with other Lutheran and Anglican churches the Archbishop is considered ''primus inter pares'' while all diocesan bishops retain their independence within their respective jurisdictions. This also applies to the Bishop of Turku Archdiocese. The Archdiocese of Turku has a unique episcopal structure as there are two bishops in the Diocese. History Influenced by papal bulls, Swedish magnates in the 12th century set up crusading expeditions to convert the heathens in the eastern Baltic. This resulted in the establishment of the Catholic Church, the Christian religion and the Swedish conquest of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Castle Of Lieto
Old Castle of Lieto ( fi, Liedon Vanhalinna) is a site of a hillfort in Lieto, Finland. It rises 55 meters above the sea level. The original name of the castle is not known. According to excavations, the castle has been in use three times during its history, in the Late Bronze Age (1100–500 BCE) and in Middle Iron Age (500–700 CE). The third phase of the site between years 1000-1370 can be divided into two. According to the excavations the years 1000–1150 are marked with German money and prehistoric artefacts and the years 1200–1370 with Scandinavian bracteates and medieval artefacts. The hillfort was used by the local Finns proper population until 1170, when it was conquered most likely by the Swedes who possibly used it as a stronghold against Tavastians. The steep hillside supported by fortifications on top of the hill provided a good defensive position. Constructions on the hillfort were mostly made of wood. In the latest phase bricks were used as well. Remains of 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liinmaa Castle
Liinmaa Castle (Finnish: ''Liinmaan linna'', Swedish: ''Vreghdenborg'') was a medieval castle in Eurajoki in the province of Satakunta in Finland. The castle was made of wood and bricks, and only some earth walls remain today. According to excavations in the 1970s and 2004–2005, it was in usage during the 14th and 15th centuries. The site is lightly looked-after. The castle was first mentioned in 1397 in a letter by Knut Bosson (Grip). See also * Kokemäki Castle Kokemäki Castle ( fi, Kokemäen linna, sv, Kumo slott) was a Medieval castle in Kokemäki in the province of Satakunta in Finland. The time of its foundation is unclear, but the castle was most likely completed in 1324–25. It was demolished in ... External links Liinmaa Castle excavations 2005 Reconstructed 3D image of the castle; in Finnish. Information on the castle by the National Board of Antiquities of Finland in Finnish. Castles in Finland Eurajoki Buildings and structures in Satakunta History of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hakoinen Castle
Hakoinen Castle (''Hakoisten linnavuori'' in Finnish) is the ruins of a fortification on a hill in Janakkala, Finland. Dated to the medieval period, the fortification was situated on a very steep-sided rock by Lake Kernaala (''Kernaalanjärvi'') in a manner reminiscent of the hill fort tradition. The top of the rock is above the water level of the lake. Today very little remains of the castle. Equally little is known about its origins. The name of the castle is not historical and was taken from the nearby Hakoinen mansion (''Haga gård'' in Swedish). The original name is not known, but it may have been "Häme Castle" (''Tavastehus'' in Swedish) which today is used for a later castle in the nearby town of Hämeenlinna. A source from 1625 calls Hakoinen as the "old Tauaste hus". "Tauestahus" Castle is first mentioned in sources in 1308. The castle was probably built at the end of the 13th century or in the early 14th century. It has been speculated that Hakoinen might have been th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protestant Reformation
The Reformation (alternatively named the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation) was a major movement within Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and in particular to papal authority, arising from what were perceived to be errors, abuses, and discrepancies by the Catholic Church. The Reformation was the start of Protestantism and the split of the Western Church into Protestantism and what is now the Roman Catholic Church. It is also considered to be one of the events that signified the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the early modern period in Europe.Davies ''Europe'' pp. 291–293 Prior to Martin Luther, there were many earlier reform movements. Although the Reformation is usually considered to have started with the publication of the '' Ninety-five Theses'' by Martin Luther in 1517, he was not excommunicated by Pope Leo X until January 1521. The Diet of Worms of May 1521 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naantali
Naantali (; sv, Nådendal) is a town in southwestern Finland, and, as a resort town during the summer, an important tourist centre of the country. The municipality has a population of (), and is located in the region of Southwest Finland, west of Turku. The town has a land area of . Most of this area is located on the islands, but the majority of the population lives on the mainland. Most of the islands are covered with forest and farmland, while the mainland consists chiefly of residential areas. History One of the oldest towns in Finland, Naantali was founded around the medieval Brigittine convent '' Vallis gratiae'' (or Nådendal Abbey), the church of which still dominates its skyline. The charter was signed by King Christopher of Sweden, the then ruler of Finland, in 1443. The convent got trading rights and other privileges, and the town around it began to grow. It also became an important destination for pilgrimage. In the 16th century, as Catholicism gave way to Prot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bridgettine
The Bridgettines, or Birgittines, formally known as the Order of the Most Holy Savior (; abbreviated OSsS), is a monastic religious order of the Catholic Church founded by Saint Birgitta or Bridget of Sweden in 1344, and approved by Pope Urban V in 1370. They follow the Rule of Saint Augustine. There are today several different branches of Bridgettines. History The first monastery of the order was founded in 1369 at the former royal castle of Vadstena. St. Bridget's granddaughter, Lady Ingegerd Knutsdotter, was Abbess of Vadstena from 1385 to 1403. Upon her death on 14 September 1412, direct descent from St. Bridget became extinct. This opened the medieval concept of "Bridget's spiritual children", members of the order founded by her, to be her true heirs. The order spread widely in Sweden and Norway, and played a remarkable part in promoting culture and literature in Scandinavia; to this is to be attributed the fact that the motherhouse at Vadstena, by Lake Vättern, was not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turku Castle
Turku Castle ( fi, Turun linna, sv, Åbo slott) is a medieval building in the city of Turku in Finland. Together with Turku Cathedral, the castle is one of the oldest buildings still in use and the largest surviving medieval building in Finland. It was founded in the late 13th century and stands on the banks of the Aura River. The castle served as a bastion and administrative centre in Eastland, as Finland was known during its time as a province of Sweden. Only once did the castle figure in the defence of the realm, when Russian invaders from Novgorod destroyed Turku in 1318. It more frequently played a role in internal struggles for power within Sweden and the Kalmar Union. The castle's heyday was in the mid-16th century during the reign of Duke John of Finland and Catherine Jagellon. That was when the Renaissance Floor and King's and Queen's hall were built, along with other features. It lost its status as an administrative centre in the 17th century after Per Brahe's peri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koroinen
Koroinen (Finnish; ''Korois'' in Swedish) is a district in the Koroinen ward of the city of Turku, in Finland. It is located to the north of the city centre, across the river Aura from the Turku Student Village. Koroinen is mostly non-built-up area, consisting largely of recreational area. The current () population of the district is 26. History Koroinen was the residence of Bishop of Finland until 1300 when it was moved a couple of kilometres further down the River Aura, to the present-day Cathedral of Turku. The exact time when the bishop moved to Koroinen is not known, but that probably took place soon after the Second Swedish Crusade in 1249. The church in Koroinen was later destroyed by the Victual Brothers in 1396. There is a white, wooden memorial cross and some stone foundations still remaining on site. Burials * Bero (Bishop of Finland) Image:Koroinen Turku (1063).jpg, Koroistenniemi Image:Koroinen Turku 02.jpg See also * Districts of Turku * Districts of Turk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Of Finland
Duke of Finland (in Finnish ''Suomen herttua''; Swedish ''hertig av Finland'') was an occasional medieval title granted as a tertiogeniture to the relatives of the King of Sweden between the 13th and 16th centuries. It included a duchy along with feudal customs, and often represented a veritably independent principality. Grand Duke of Finland was a nominal royal title used by Swedish monarchs from the 1580s until 1720, which was revived again briefly from 1802 to 1805 (then as ''Great Prince of Finland'') and was also used by Russia's monarchs until 1917. History of actual duchy Bishop-Duke Kol In the late 15th century, historian Ericus Olai claimed that Bishop Kol of Linköping (died about 1196) had been the Duke of Finland (''Dux Finlandiae''). In the late 12th century in Sweden, the Latin title "dux" was still used in the meaning of ''jarl'' and came to mean duke only a hundred years later (see Swedish duchies). Ericus Olai's claim is not supported by other sources. However, s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masku
Masku () is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Southwest Finland region. The municipality, which is located about just north of Turku, has a population of () and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is . The municipality is unilingually Finnish. The municipality has also been known as "Masko" in Swedish. The Swedish name no longer has official status, and is considered outdated according to the Institute for the Languages of Finland. On January 1, 2009 the municipalities of Askainen and Lemu were consolidated with Masku. History Masku is one of the oldest parishes in Finland, having been established in the 13th century. It included Merimasku until 1577, when it was transferred to Naantali. The people of Masku also once held hunting grounds in the Turku archipelago, as evidenced by the toponym ''Maskinnamo'' (originally ''*Maskun Innanmaa'') in Korpo. There is also a village called ''Maskula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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