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State Duma Of The Russian Empire Of The 2nd Convocation
The State Duma of the Russian Empire of the Second Convocation was a representative legislative body of the Russian Empire (State Duma of the Russian Empire), convened after the early dissolution of the State Duma of the 1st convocation. It was elected according to the same rules as the previous Duma and also entered into a sharp confrontation with the Council of Ministers, and also held only one session, from February 20 to June 3, 1907, when it was dissolved (Coup of June 1907). After that, the electoral legislation was changed. The State Duma of the 2nd convocation worked for 102 days. Elections The Second State Duma of the Russian Empire existed from February 20 to June 2, 1907. Elections to the Second Duma were held according to the same rules as in the First Duma (multi-stage elections for curia). At the same time, the election campaign itself took place against the background of a fading but continuing revolution: "agrarian soil riots" in July 1906 covered 32 provinces of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP; in , ''Rossiyskaya sotsial-demokraticheskaya rabochaya partiya (RSDRP)''), also known as the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party or the Russian Social Democratic Party, was a socialist political party founded in 1898 in Minsk (then in Northwestern Krai of the Russian Empire, present-day Belarus). Formed to unite the various revolutionary organizations of the Russian Empire into one party, the RSDLP split in 1903 into Bolsheviks ("majority") and Mensheviks ("minority") factions, with the Bolshevik faction eventually becoming the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. History Origins and early activities The RSDLP was not the first Russian Marxist group; the Emancipation of Labour group had been formed in 1883. The RSDLP was created to oppose the revolutionary populism of the Narodniks, which was later represented by the Socialist Revolutionary Party (SRs). The RSLDP was formed at an underground conference in Minsk in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsarist Autocracy
Tsarist autocracy (russian: царское самодержавие, transcr. ''tsarskoye samoderzhaviye''), also called Tsarism, was a form of autocracy (later absolute monarchy) specific to the Grand Duchy of Moscow and its successor states the Tsardom of Russia and Russian Empire. In it, the Tsar possessed in principle authority and wealth, with more power than constitutional monarchs counterbalanced by a legislative authority, as well as more religious authority than Western monarchs. The institution originated during the time of Ivan III (1462−1505), and was abolished after the Russian Revolution of 1917. Alternative names Imperial autocracy, Russian autocracy, Muscovite autocracy, tsarist absolutism, imperial absolutism, Russian absolutism, Muscovite absolutism, Muscovite despotism, Russian despotism, tsarist despotism or imperial despotism. History Ivan III (reigned 1462-1505) built upon Byzantine traditions and laid foundations for the tsarist autocracy which with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Sytin
Ivan Dmitrievich Sytin (russian: Ива́н Дми́триевич Сы́тин; 5 February 185123 November 1934) was a Russian publisher. The son of a Soligalich peasant, he built the largest publishing house in pre-revolutionary Russian Empire, Russia. Sytin went from his village to Moscow at the age of 13 and opened his own book shop in 1883. He made a fortune through printing millions of almanac-type calendars containing miscellaneous practical information. They were cheap and attractively illustrated. This venture was followed by the very cheap editions of Alexander Pushkin, Pushkin's, Nikolai Gogol, Gogol's and Leo Tolstoy, Tolstoy's works. After their authors' rights expired, Sytin compressed their entire works into one volume that cost as little as 90 Ruble, kopecks. He was the first publisher to reach the peasants all over Russia and to shape popular taste in the entire country. Maxim Gorky called Sytin the de facto "minister of people's education" whose calendars and le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov
Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov (russian: Влади́мир Дми́триевич Набо́ков; 21 July Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S._8_July.html" ;"title="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>O.S._8_July">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html"_;"title="nowiki/>Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S._8_July1870_–_28_March_1922)_was_a_Russian_criminology.html" "title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 8 July">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 8 July1870 – 28 March 1922) was a Russian criminology">criminologist, journalist, and progressive statesman during the last years of the Russian Empire. He was the father of Russian-American author Vladimir Nabokov. Early life Nabokov was born in Tsarskoe Selo, into a wealthy and aristocratic family. His father Dmitry Nabokov (1827–1904) was a List of Justice Ministers of Imperial Russia, Justice Minister in the reign of Alexander II from 187 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stroganov Palace
The Stroganov Palace (Russian: Строгановский дворец) is a Late Baroque palace at the intersection of the Moika River and Nevsky Prospect in St. Petersburg, Russia. The palace was built to Bartolomeo Rastrelli's designs for Baron Sergei Grigoriyevich Stroganov in 1753–1754. The interiors were remodeled by Andrei Voronikhin at the turn of the 19th century. History The first house for the Stroganovs was built on the site probably in the 1720s. It was a one-storey building. Architect Mikhail Zemtsov erected a second, two-storey house on the site in the 1740s. In 1752, Baron Sergei Stroganov commissioned the palace design from Italian architect Bartolomeo Rastrelli, then at work extending the Catherine Palace and building the Smolny Convent for Empress Elisabeth. Since the Stroganovs were the richest family in Russia and were related to the Empress by marriage, Rastrelli could not turn down the commission and hastily prepared a design for the townhouse. Like ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Lenin
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov. ( 1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin,. was a Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as the first and founding head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 1924 and of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1924. Under his administration, Russia, and later the Soviet Union, became a one-party socialist state governed by the Communist Party. Ideologically a Marxist, his developments to the ideology are called Leninism. Born to an upper-middle-class family in Simbirsk, Lenin embraced revolutionary socialist politics following his brother's 1887 execution. Expelled from Kazan Imperial University for participating in protests against the Russian Empire's Tsarist government, he devoted the following years to a law degree. He moved to Saint Petersburg in 1893 and became a senior Marxist activist. In 1897, he was arrested for sedition and exiled to Shushenskoye in Siberia for three years, where he married ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicholas II Of Russia
Nicholas II or Nikolai II Alexandrovich Romanov; spelled in pre-revolutionary script. ( 186817 July 1918), known in the Russian Orthodox Church as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer,. was the last Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland and Grand Duke of Finland, ruling from 1 November 1894 until his abdication on 15 March 1917. During his reign, Nicholas gave support to the economic and political reforms promoted by his prime ministers, Sergei Witte and Pyotr Stolypin. He advocated modernization based on foreign loans and close ties with France, but resisted giving the new parliament (the Duma) major roles. Ultimately, progress was undermined by Nicholas's commitment to autocratic rule, strong aristocratic opposition and defeats sustained by the Russian military in the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. By March 1917, public support for Nicholas had collapsed and he was forced to abdicate the throne, thereby ending the Romanov dynasty's 304-year rule of Russia (16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Members Of Duma Are Drafting A Reply To Stolypin
Member may refer to: * Military jury, referred to as "Members" in military jargon * Element (mathematics), an object that belongs to a mathematical set * In object-oriented programming, a member of a class ** Field (computer science), entries in a database ** Member variable, a variable that is associated with a specific object * Limb (anatomy), an appendage of the human or animal body ** Euphemism for penis * Structural component of a truss, connected by nodes * User (computing), a person making use of a computing service, especially on the Internet * Member (geology), a component of a geological formation * Member of parliament * The Members, a British punk rock band * Meronymy, a semantic relationship in linguistics * Church membership, belonging to a local Christian congregation, a Christian denomination and the universal Church * Member, a participant in a club or learned society A learned society (; also learned academy, scholarly society, or academic association) is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Popular Socialists (Russia)
The Popular Socialist Party () emerged in Russia in the early twentieth century. History The roots of the Popular Socialist Party (NSP) lay in the 'Legal Populist' movement of the 1890s, and its founders looked upon N.K. Mikhailovsky and Alexander Herzen as ideological forerunners. The NSP was founded in 1906, by a number of dissidents from the Socialist-Revolutionary Party (SRs). They objected to the PSR's adoption of political terrorism and wanted to 'nationalize' the land (i.e., turn it over to the state), rather than 'socialize' it (i.e., make it common property of the peasantry), as the PSR proposed. The Popular Socialists also wanted to indemnify landowners; the PSR did not. Furthermore, the Popular Socialists deplored the influence of Marxism on the leading ideologues of the PSR, such as V.M. Chernov. Leading members of the NSP were N.F. Annensky (1843-1912), V.A. Miakotin (1867-1937) and A.V. Peshekhonov (1867-1933). The latter was minister of agriculture in the Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vyborg Manifesto
The Vyborg Manifesto (russian: Выборгское воззвание, translit=Vyborgskoye Vozzvaniye, fi, Viipurin manifesti, sv, Viborgsmanifestet); also called the Vyborg Appeal) was a proclamation signed by several Russian politicians, primarily Kadets and Trudoviks) of the dissolved First Duma on . In the wake of the 1905 Revolution, Russia's first modern parliament, the State Duma, was convoked. It rapidly became a voice of radicalism and liberalism, and was subsequently dissolved by the Tsarist government 72 days after convocation. Outraged, several of the members of the first Duma travelled to Vyborg in the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, where they signed a 'manifesto' calling for 'passive resistance' which included evading taxes and defying conscription orders. The manifesto was met with 'universal indifference', which allowed the Tsarist authorities to silence the manifesto's contributors, and they were all banned from participating in future Dumas. The result ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timiryazev VI
Timiryazev (russian: Тимиря́зев, links=no; masculine) or Timiryazeva (russian: Тимиря́зева, links=no; feminine) is a Turkic Russian last name. It may refer to: People * Arkady Timiryasev (1880-1955), Soviet physicist and philosopher, and son of Kliment Timiryazev * (1837–1903), Russian specialist in statistics and brother of Kliment Timiryazev * Kliment Timiryazev (1843–1920), Russian botanist and physiologist * (1835–1906), Russian military officer and brother of Kliment Timiryazev * Vasily Timiryazev (journalist) (1841–1912), Russian journalist and brother of Kliment Timiryazev * Vasily Timiryazev (statesman) (1849–1919), Russian Minister of Trade and Industry in Pyotr Stolypin's Cabinet Other uses * Timiryazev (crater), a lunar crater named after Kliment Timiryazev * Timiryazev, Azerbaijan * Timiryazeva, the administrative center of Timiryazevskoye Rural Settlement, Maykopsky District, Russia * Timiryazev District, North Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialism
Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes the economic, political and social theories and movements associated with the implementation of such systems. Social ownership can be state/public, community, collective, cooperative, or employee. While no single definition encapsulates the many types of socialism, social ownership is the one common element. Different types of socialism vary based on the role of markets and planning in resource allocation, on the structure of management in organizations, and from below or from above approaches, with some socialists favouring a party, state, or technocratic-driven approach. Socialists disagree on whether government, particularly existing government, is the correct vehicle for change. Socialist systems are divided into non-market and market f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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