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Stabilisierter Leitstand
A Stabilisierter Leitstand (), abbreviated SL, was a Ship gun fire-control system, fire control element in German World War II era shipborne heavy anti-aircraft defense. One to four SL's were installed on all capital ships of the Kriegsmarine. A Stabilisierte Leitstand measured distance, Bearing (navigation), bearing and height of the target. Angles for bearing and height were taken through an optical sight, whilst distance was measured with a stereoscopic rangefinder. The director post was stabilized on three axes: against Ship motions, pitch and roll so that measurements were taken in a horizontal plane. Stabilization against yaw kept the director post trained on the target even when the ship was turning. The measured data was processed by a Director (military), director analog computer () to calculate settings for the anti-aircraft battery. The director posts were colloquially called "Wackeltöpfe" () by the ships crew. Operation The anti-aircraft artillery officer assigned ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bundesarchiv Bild 193-18-6-25, Schlachtschiff Bismarck
The German Federal Archives or Bundesarchiv (BArch) (, lit. "Federal Archive") are the national archives of Germany. They were established at the current location in Koblenz in 1952. They are subordinated to the Federal Commissioner for Culture and the Media (Claudia Roth since 2021) under the German Chancellery, and before 1998, to the Federal Ministry of the Interior (Germany), Federal Ministry of the Interior. On 6 December 2008, the Archives donated 100,000 photos to the public, by making them accessible via Wikimedia Commons. History The federal archive for institutions and authorities in Germany, the first precursor to the present-day Federal Archives, was established in Potsdam, Brandenburg in 1919, a later date than in other European countries. This national archive documented German government dating from the founding of the North German Confederation in 1867. It also included material from the older German Confederation and the Imperial Chamber Court. The oldest docum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyroscope
A gyroscope (from Ancient Greek γῦρος ''gŷros'', "round" and σκοπέω ''skopéō'', "to look") is a device used for measuring or maintaining Orientation (geometry), orientation and angular velocity. It is a spinning wheel or disc in which the axis of rotation (spin axis) is free to assume any orientation by itself. When rotating, the orientation of this axis is unaffected by tilting or rotation of the mounting, due to the angular momentum#Conservation of angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum. Gyroscopes based on other operating principles also exist, such as the microchip-packaged Vibrating structure gyroscope#MEMS gyroscopes, MEMS gyroscopes found in electronic devices (sometimes called gyrometers), solid-state ring laser gyroscope, ring lasers, fibre optic gyroscopes, and the extremely sensitive quantum gyroscope. Applications of gyroscopes include inertial navigation systems, such as in the Hubble Space Telescope, or inside the steel hull of a submer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gimbal
A gimbal is a pivoted support that permits rotation of an object about an axis. A set of three gimbals, one mounted on the other with orthogonal pivot axes, may be used to allow an object mounted on the innermost gimbal to remain independent of the rotation of its support (e.g. vertical in the first animation). For example, on a ship, the gyroscopes, shipboard compasses, stoves, and even drink holders typically use gimbals to keep them upright with respect to the horizon despite the ship's pitching and rolling. The gimbal suspension used for mounting compasses and the like is sometimes called a Cardan suspension after Italian mathematician and physicist Gerolamo Cardano (1501–1576) who described it in detail. However, Cardano did not invent the gimbal, nor did he claim to. The device has been known since antiquity, first described in the 3rd c. BC by Philo of Byzantium, although some modern authors support the view that it may not have a single identifiable inventor. His ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fairey Swordfish
The Fairey Swordfish is a retired biplane torpedo bomber, designed by the Fairey Aviation Company. Originating in the early 1930s, the Swordfish, nicknamed "Stringbag", was principally operated by the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy. It was also used by the Royal Air Force (RAF), as well as several overseas operators, including the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) and the Royal Netherlands Navy. It was initially operated primarily as a fleet attack aircraft. During its later years, the Swordfish was increasingly used for Anti-submarine warfare, anti-submarine and Trainer (aircraft), training duties. The type was in frontline service throughout the World War II, Second World War. Despite being obsolescent, the Swordfish achieved some spectacular successes during the war, including sinking one battleship and damaging two others belonging to the ''Regia Marina'' (the Italian navy) during the Battle of Taranto, and the Last battle of Bismarck, famous attack on the German battleship ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Würzburg Radar
The low-UHF band Würzburg radar was the primary ground-based tracking radar for the Wehrmacht's Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine (German Navy) during World War II. Initial development took place before the war and the apparatus entered service in 1940. Eventually, over 4,000 Würzburgs of various models were produced. It took its name from the city of Würzburg in Bavaria. There were two primary models of the system. The first Würzburg was a transportable model that could be folded for transit and then brought into operation quickly after emplacement and levelling. The A models began entering service in May 1940 and saw several updated versions over the next year to improve accuracy, notably the addition of conical scanning in the D model of 1941. The larger Würzburg-''Riese'' (giant) was based on the D model but used a much larger parabolic reflector to further improve resolution at the cost of no longer being mobile. As one of German's primary radars, the British spent considera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bismarck-class Battleship
The class was a pair of fast battleships built for Nazi Germany's shortly before the outbreak of World War II. The ships were the largest and most powerful warships built for the ; displacing more than normally, they were armed with a battery of eight guns and were capable of a top speed of . was laid down in July 1936 and completed in September 1940, while the keel of her sister ship, , was laid in October 1936 and work finished in February 1941. The ships were ordered in response to the French s, themselves laid down in response to the Italian s. The ''Bismarck''-class was designed with the traditional role of engaging enemy battleships in home waters in mind, though the ''Oberkommando der Marine'' (High Command of the Navy) envisioned employing the ships as long-range commerce raiders against British shipping in the Atlantic Ocean. As such, their design represented the strategic confusion that dominated German naval construction in the 1930s. Both ships had short servic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Port And Starboard
Port and starboard are Glossary of nautical terms (M-Z), nautical terms for watercraft and spacecraft, referring respectively to the left and right sides of the vessel, when aboard and facing the Bow (watercraft), bow (front). Vessels with bilateral Symmetry (geometry), symmetry have left and right halves which are mirror images of each other. One asymmetric feature is where access to a boat, ship, or aircraft is at the side; it is usually only on the port side (hence the name). Side Port side and starboard side respectively refer to the left and right sides of the vessel, when aboard and facing the bow. The port and starboard sides of the vessel always refer to the same portion of the vessel's structure, and do not depend on the position of someone aboard the vessel. The port side is the side to the left of an observer aboard the vessel and , towards the direction the vessel is heading when underway in the forward direction. The starboard side is to the right of such an obser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sphere
A sphere (from Ancient Greek, Greek , ) is a surface (mathematics), surface analogous to the circle, a curve. In solid geometry, a sphere is the Locus (mathematics), set of points that are all at the same distance from a given point in three-dimensional space.. That given point is the center (geometry), ''center'' of the sphere, and the distance is the sphere's ''radius''. The earliest known mentions of spheres appear in the work of the Greek mathematics, ancient Greek mathematicians. The sphere is a fundamental surface in many fields of mathematics. Spheres and nearly-spherical shapes also appear in nature and industry. Bubble (physics), Bubbles such as soap bubbles take a spherical shape in equilibrium. The Earth is spherical Earth, often approximated as a sphere in geography, and the celestial sphere is an important concept in astronomy. Manufactured items including pressure vessels and most curved mirrors and lenses are based on spheres. Spheres rolling, roll smoothly in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Admiral Hipper-class Cruiser
The class was a Ship class, group of five heavy cruisers built by Nazi Germany's beginning in the mid-1930s. The class comprised , the lead ship, , , , and . Only the first three ships of the class saw action with the German Navy during World War II. Work on stopped when she was approximately 95 percent complete; it was decided to convert her into an aircraft carrier, but this was not completed either. was sold incomplete to the Soviet Union in 1940. and took part in Operation Weserübung, the invasion of Norway in April 1940. was sunk by Norwegian coastal defenses outside Oslo while led the attack on Trondheim. She then conducted sorties into the Atlantic to attack Allies of World War II, Allied merchant shipping. In 1942, she was deployed to northern Norway to attack shipping to the Soviet Union, culminating in the Battle of the Barents Sea in December 1942, where she was damaged by British cruisers. saw her first action during Operation Rheinübung with the battl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
