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Sri Paduka Mangkunagara VII
{{Infobox noble, type , name = Mangkunegara , title = Grand Duke , image = COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM De vorst Pangeran Adipati Ario Mangkoe Negoro VII TMnr 10001303.jpg , caption = , alt = , CoA = , more = no , succession = , reign = 1916-1944 , reign-type = , predecessor = Mangkunegara VI , successor = Mangkunegara VIII , suc-type = , spouse = , spouse-type = , issue = , issue-link = , issue-pipe = , full name = , styles = , titles = , noble family = Hadiwijayan Kaliabu , house-type = , father = Mangkunegara V , mother = , birth_date = , birth_place = Surakarta , christening_date = , christening_place = , death_date = , death_place = , burial_date = , buri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Duke
Grand duke (feminine: grand duchess) is a European hereditary title, used either by certain monarchs or by members of certain monarchs' families. In status, a grand duke traditionally ranks in order of precedence below an emperor, as an approximate equal of king or archduke and above a sovereign prince or sovereign duke. The title is used in some current and former independent monarchies in Europe, particularly: * in the present-day Grand Duchy of Luxembourg * historically by the sovereigns of former independent countries, such as Tuscany (from 1569 to 1860, now part of Italy) * in Baden, Hesse, Oldenburg, Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Saxe-Weimar – grand duchies from 1815 to 1918, and all now part of present-day Germany * formerly also in some countries in Eastern and Northeastern Europe, such as the Grand Duchy of Finland or the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Western and Central European The term ''grand duke'' as a monarch reigning over an independent state w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scouting
Scouting, also known as the Scout Movement, is a worldwide youth movement employing the Scout method, a program of informal education with an emphasis on practical outdoor activities, including camping, woodcraft, aquatics, hiking, backpacking, and sports. Another widely recognized movement characteristic is the Scout uniform, by intent hiding all differences of social standing in a country and encouraging equality, with neckerchief and campaign hat or comparable headwear. Distinctive uniform insignia include the fleur-de-lis and the trefoil, as well as merit badges and other patches. In 1907, Robert Baden-Powell, a Lieutenant General in the British Army, held a Scouting encampment on Brownsea Island in England. Baden-Powell wrote '' Scouting for Boys'' (London, 1908), partly based on his earlier military books. The Scout Movement of both Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts was well established in the first decade of the twentieth century. Later, programs for younger children, such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scouting In Indonesia
The Pramuka Movement of Indonesia ( id, Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia), officially the Praja Muda Karana Scouting Movement ( id, Gerakan Kepanduan Praja Muda Karana), is the national scouting organization of Indonesia. Scouting was founded in the Dutch East Indies in 1912, and Indonesia became a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) in 1953. Its membership is compulsory for students. It has 21,599,748 members (as of 2011), making it the world's largest Scout association. The organization was established in 1961 as a part of the Guided Democracy in Indonesia, late Sukarno government's attempt to create a Scouting-like movement "Scouting controversy and conflict#Bans on Scouting by communists and fascists, freed from (the influences of) Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell, Baden-Powell", a goal largely reversed under the succeeding New Order (Indonesia), Suharto government. August 14 is celebrated as Pramuka Day to honour the organisation's first publi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Year Of Death Missing
A year or annus is the orbital period of a planetary body, for example, the Earth, moving in its orbit around the Sun. Due to the Earth's axial tilt, the course of a year sees the passing of the seasons, marked by change in weather, the hours of daylight, and, consequently, vegetation and soil fertility. In temperate and subpolar regions around the planet, four seasons are generally recognized: spring, summer, autumn and winter. In tropical and subtropical regions, several geographical sectors do not present defined seasons; but in the seasonal tropics, the annual wet and dry seasons are recognized and tracked. A calendar year is an approximation of the number of days of the Earth's orbital period, as counted in a given calendar. The Gregorian calendar, or modern calendar, presents its calendar year to be either a common year of 365 days or a leap year of 366 days, as do the Julian calendars. For the Gregorian calendar, the average length of the calendar year (the me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Year Of Birth Missing
A year or annus is the orbital period of a planetary body, for example, the Earth, moving in its orbit around the Sun. Due to the Earth's axial tilt, the course of a year sees the passing of the seasons, marked by change in weather, the hours of daylight, and, consequently, vegetation and soil fertility. In temperate and subpolar regions around the planet, four seasons are generally recognized: spring, summer, autumn and winter. In tropical and subtropical regions, several geographical sectors do not present defined seasons; but in the seasonal tropics, the annual wet and dry seasons are recognized and tracked. A calendar year is an approximation of the number of days of the Earth's orbital period, as counted in a given calendar. The Gregorian calendar, or modern calendar, presents its calendar year to be either a common year of 365 days or a leap year of 366 days, as do the Julian calendars. For the Gregorian calendar, the average length of the calendar year (the mea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princes Of Mangkunegaran
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The female equivalent is a princess. The English word derives, via the French word ''prince'', from the Latin noun , from (first) and (head), meaning "the first, foremost, the chief, most distinguished, noble ruler, prince". Historical background The Latin word (older Latin *prīsmo-kaps, literally "the one who takes the first lace/position), became the usual title of the informal leader of the Roman senate some centuries before the transition to empire, the ''princeps senatus''. Emperor Augustus established the formal position of monarch on the basis of principate, not dominion. He also tasked his grandsons as summer rulers of the city when most of the government were on holiday in the country or attending religious rituals, and, for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mangkunegara
The Duchy of Mangkunegaran ( id, Kadipaten Mangkunegaran) is a small Javanese princely state located within the region of Surakarta in Indonesia. It was established in 1757 by Raden Mas Said, when he submitted his army to Pakubuwono III in February, and swore allegiance to the rulers of Surakarta, Yogyakarta, and the Dutch East Indies Company, and was given an appanage of 4000 households. The Palace of the rulers of Mangkunegaran was established by Raden Mas Said who signed a treaty with the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in 1757. By virtue of the treaty, he became the ruler of a part of Eastern Mataram and was henceforth known as Mangkunegara I. Known as ''Pura Mangkunegaran'', the palace is located in the center of the city of Solo. List of rulers * Mangkunegara I (Raden Mas Said), 17571796 * Mangkunegara II (Raden Mas Sulama), 17961835 * Mangkunegara III, 18351853 * Mangkunegara IV, 18531881 * Mangkunegara V, 18811896 * Mangkunegara VI, 18961916 * Mangkunegara VII ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Press Monument
The National Press Monument (Indonesian: Monumen Pers Nasional) is a monument and museum to the national Indonesian press. Formally established in 1978, more than 20 years after it was first proposed, the monument is located in Surakarta, Central Java, and operated by the Ministry of Communications and Informatics. The complex consists of an old society building, which was constructed in 1918 and used for the first meeting of the Indonesian Journalists Association (, or PWI), as well as several subsequent expansions; it is listed as a cultural property of Indonesia. The National Press Monument has a collection of over a million newspapers and magazines, as well as a variety of exhibitions and artefacts related to the history of the press in Indonesia. Facilities include a multimedia room, free-to-read newspapers, and a library. It is promoted as a site for educational tourism through various exhibitions and Facebook, and in 2013 it was visited by over 26,000 people. History The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noto Soeroto
Raden Mas Noto Soeroto (1888-1951) was a Javanese prince from the Jogjakarta noble house of Paku Alaman was a poet and writer of Dutch Indies literature and journalist from the Dutch East Indies (now: Indonesia). He significantly contributed to the Dutch literary system by exploring new literary themes and focusing on indigenous protagonists, at the same time drawing attention to indigenous culture and the indigenous plight. Life in a nutshell Noto Soeroto came to the Netherlands to study Law in Leiden in 1910. During his stay in the Netherlands his many publications included contributions in important literary reviews such as the avant garde ''Het Getij'', ''De Gemeenschap'', ''Links Richten'' and ''Forum''. His poems were published in many volumes and translated into many languages. They had exotic titles such as ''Melati-knoppen'', Melati buds, ''De geur van moeders haarwrong'', the odor/smell of mothers hair knot or ''Lotos of morgendauw'', Lotos or morning dew. He wrote a f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Javaansche Padvinders Organisatie
Javaansche Padvinders Organisatie (JPO) ( en, Javanese Pathfinders Organization) was a Scouting organization in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...). This first Indonesian Scouting organization was established on the initiative of Sri Paduka Mangkunagara VII in 1916. Scouting came to Indonesia in 1912, as branch of the Nederlandsche Padvinders Organisatie (NPO, Netherlands Pathfinder Organisation), the first Dutch Scouting organization. After 1916 it was called the ''Vereeniging Nederlandsch Indische Padvinders'' (NIPV, Association of Dutch Indies Pathfinders). As the Dutch East Indies, Indonesia had been a branch of the Netherlands Scout Association, yet Scouting was very popular, and had achieved great numbers and standards ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Both World Wars
A world war is an international conflict which involves all or most of the world's major powers. Conventionally, the term is reserved for two major international conflicts that occurred during the first half of the 20th century, World WarI (1914–1918) and World WarII (1939–1945), although historians have also described other global conflicts as world wars, such as the Seven Years' War and the Cold War. Etymology The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' cited the first known usage in the English language to a Scottish newspaper, ''The People's Journal'', in 1848: "A war among the great powers is now necessarily a world-war." The term "world war" is used by Karl Marx and his associate, Friedrich Engels, in a series of articles published around 1850 called ''The Class Struggles in France''. Rasmus B. Anderson in 1889 described an episode in Teutonic mythology as a "world war" (Swedish: ''världskrig''), justifying this description by a line in an Old Norse epic poem, " Völuspá: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mangkunegara VI
Mangkunegara VI (1 March 1857 – 1916) was the prince of Mangkunegaran from 1896 to 1916. History Early life His original name was R.M. Suyitno. He was the fourth son of Mangkunegara IV. He was born to Raden Ayu Dunuk. He was the grandson of the third Mangkunegara on his mother's side. As an adult he took the name K.P.A. Dayaningrat. He was the younger brother of the fifth Mangkunegara. When Mangkunegara V died after falling from a horse. His throne was unlawfully taken by his brother. Reign Mangkunegara VI was enthroned on 21 November 1896. He prioritized economic development. A crash came because the price of sugar fell due to emerging competition from Brazil. Mangkunegara VI adjusted and repaid much of the debt incurred under his predecessor. Mangkunegara VI enacted a number of cultural policies. Namely, he obliged men to cut their long hair and made saluting unnecessary. He also brought tables and chairs into meetings that had previously been conducted sitting on the fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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