Spongiosperma
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Spongiosperma
''Spongiosperma '' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1988. It is native to the South America, nations of Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil.Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela. ;Species * ''Spongiosperma cataractarum'' Zarucchi - Bolívar State in SE Venezuela * ''Spongiosperma grandiflorum'' (Huber) Zarucchi - Amapá, Pará, Maranhão * ''Spongiosperma longilobum'' (Markgr.) Zarucchi - Amazonas State in NW Brazil * ''Spongiosperma macrophyllum'' (Müll.Arg.) Zarucchi - S Venezuela, SE Colombia, NW Brazil * ''Spongiosperma oleifolium'' (Monach.) Zarucchi - Amazonas State in S Venezuela * ''Spongiosperma riparium'' (Monach.) Zarucchi - S Venezuela, SE Colombia References

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Spongiosperma Cataractarum
''Spongiosperma '' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1988. It is native to the South America, nations of Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil.Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela. ;Species * ''Spongiosperma cataractarum'' Zarucchi - Bolívar State in SE Venezuela * ''Spongiosperma grandiflorum'' (Huber) Zarucchi - Amapá, Pará, Maranhão * ''Spongiosperma longilobum'' (Markgr.) Zarucchi - Amazonas State in NW Brazil * ''Spongiosperma macrophyllum'' (Müll.Arg.) Zarucchi - S Venezuela, SE Colombia, NW Brazil * ''Spongiosperma oleifolium'' (Monach.) Zarucchi - Amazonas State in S Venezuela * ''Spongiosperma riparium'' (Monach.) Zarucchi - S Venezuela, SE Colombia References

Spongiosperma, Apocynaceae genera {{Apocynaceae-stub ...
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Spongiosperma Grandiflorum
''Spongiosperma '' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1988. It is native to the South America, nations of Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil.Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela. ;Species * ''Spongiosperma cataractarum ''Spongiosperma '' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1988. It is native to the South America, nations of Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil.Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de l ...'' Zarucchi - Bolívar State in SE Venezuela * '' Spongiosperma grandiflorum'' (Huber) Zarucchi - Amapá, Pará, Maranhão * '' Spongiosperma longilobum'' (Markgr.) Zarucchi - Amazonas State in NW Brazil * '' Spongiosperma macrophyllum'' (Müll.Arg.) Zarucchi - S Venezuela, SE Colombia, NW Brazil * '' Spongiosperma oleifolium'' (Monach.) Zarucchi - Amazonas State in S Ve ...
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Spongiosperma Longilobum
''Spongiosperma '' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1988. It is native to the South America, nations of Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil.Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela. ;Species * ''Spongiosperma cataractarum'' Zarucchi - Bolívar State in SE Venezuela * ''Spongiosperma grandiflorum ''Spongiosperma '' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1988. It is native to the South America, nations of Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil.Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de l ...'' (Huber) Zarucchi - Amapá, Pará, Maranhão * '' Spongiosperma longilobum'' (Markgr.) Zarucchi - Amazonas State in NW Brazil * '' Spongiosperma macrophyllum'' (Müll.Arg.) Zarucchi - S Venezuela, SE Colombia, NW Brazil * '' Spongiosperma oleifolium'' (Monach.) Zarucchi - Amazonas State in S Ven ...
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Spongiosperma Oleifolium
''Spongiosperma '' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1988. It is native to the South America, nations of Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil.Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela. ;Species * ''Spongiosperma cataractarum'' Zarucchi - Bolívar State in SE Venezuela * ''Spongiosperma grandiflorum'' (Huber) Zarucchi - Amapá, Pará, Maranhão * ''Spongiosperma longilobum ''Spongiosperma '' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1988. It is native to the South America, nations of Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil.Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de l ...'' (Markgr.) Zarucchi - Amazonas State in NW Brazil * '' Spongiosperma macrophyllum'' (Müll.Arg.) Zarucchi - S Venezuela, SE Colombia, NW Brazil * '' Spongiosperma oleifolium'' (Monach.) Zarucchi - Amazonas State in S Vene ...
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Spongiosperma Riparium
''Spongiosperma '' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1988. It is native to the South America, nations of Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil.Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela. ;Species * ''Spongiosperma cataractarum'' Zarucchi - Bolívar State in SE Venezuela * ''Spongiosperma grandiflorum'' (Huber) Zarucchi - Amapá, Pará, Maranhão * ''Spongiosperma longilobum'' (Markgr.) Zarucchi - Amazonas State in NW Brazil * '' Spongiosperma macrophyllum'' (Müll.Arg.) Zarucchi - S Venezuela, SE Colombia, NW Brazil * ''Spongiosperma oleifolium ''Spongiosperma '' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1988. It is native to the South America, nations of Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil.Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de l ...'' (Monach.) Zarucchi - Amazonas State in S Venez ...
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Spongiosperma
''Spongiosperma '' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1988. It is native to the South America, nations of Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil.Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela. ;Species * ''Spongiosperma cataractarum'' Zarucchi - Bolívar State in SE Venezuela * ''Spongiosperma grandiflorum'' (Huber) Zarucchi - Amapá, Pará, Maranhão * ''Spongiosperma longilobum'' (Markgr.) Zarucchi - Amazonas State in NW Brazil * ''Spongiosperma macrophyllum'' (Müll.Arg.) Zarucchi - S Venezuela, SE Colombia, NW Brazil * ''Spongiosperma oleifolium'' (Monach.) Zarucchi - Amazonas State in S Venezuela * ''Spongiosperma riparium'' (Monach.) Zarucchi - S Venezuela, SE Colombia References

Spongiosperma, Apocynaceae genera {{Apocynaceae-stub ...
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Spongiosperma Macrophyllum
''Spongiosperma macrophyllum'' is a species of plant in the family Apocynaceae first described in 1860. It is native to the Amazon Basin of South America, nations of Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil .Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela. References macrophyllum The long-legged bat (''Macrophyllum macrophyllum'') is a member of the Phyllostomidae family in the order Chiroptera. Both males and females of this species are generally small, with wingspans reaching 80mm with an average weight ranging betwee ... Flora of the Amazon Plants described in 1860 {{Apocynaceae-stub ...
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Plant
Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria). By one definition, plants form the clade Viridiplantae (Latin name for "green plants") which is sister of the Glaucophyta, and consists of the green algae and Embryophyta (land plants). The latter includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns and their allies, hornworts, liverworts, and mosses. Most plants are multicellular organisms. Green plants obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis by primary chloroplasts that are derived from endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria. Their chloroplasts contain chlorophylls a and b, which gives them their green color. Some plants are parasitic or mycotrophic and have lost the ...
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Apocynaceae
Apocynaceae (from ''Apocynum'', Greek for "dog-away") is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, stem succulents, and vines, commonly known as the dogbane family, because some taxa were used as dog poison Members of the family are native to the European, Asian, African, Australian, and American tropics or subtropics, with some temperate members. The former family Asclepiadaceae (now known as Asclepiadoideae) is considered a subfamily of Apocynaceae and contains 348 genera. A list of Apocynaceae genera may be found here. Many species are tall trees found in tropical forests, but some grow in tropical dry (xeric) environments. Also perennial herbs from temperate zones occur. Many of these plants have milky latex, and many species are poisonous if ingested, the family being rich in genera containing alkaloids and cardiac glycosides, those containing the latter often finding use as arrow poisons. Some genera of Apocynaceae, such as '' Adenium'', bleed clea ...
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South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southern subregion of a single continent called America. South America is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean; North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest. The continent generally includes twelve sovereign states: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela; two dependent territories: the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; and one internal territory: French Guiana. In addition, the ABC islands of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Ascension Island (dependency of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, a British Overseas Territory), Bouvet Island ( dependency of Norway), Pa ...
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Venezuela
Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It has a territorial extension of , and its population was estimated at 29 million in 2022. The capital and largest urban agglomeration is the city of Caracas. The continental territory is bordered on the north by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Colombia, Brazil on the south, Trinidad and Tobago to the north-east and on the east by Guyana. The Venezuelan government maintains a claim against Guyana to Guayana Esequiba. Venezuela is a federal presidential republic consisting of 23 states, the Capital District and federal dependencies covering Venezuela's offshore islands. Venezuela is among the most urbanized countries in Latin America; the vast majority of Venezuelans live in the cities of the n ...
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Colombia
Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela to the east and northeast, Brazil to the southeast, Ecuador and Peru to the south and southwest, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and Panama to the northwest. Colombia is divided into 32 departments and the Capital District of Bogotá, the country's largest city. It covers an area of 1,141,748 square kilometers (440,831 sq mi), and has a population of 52 million. Colombia's cultural heritage—including language, religion, cuisine, and art—reflects its history as a Spanish colony, fusing cultural elements brought by immigration from Europe and the Middle East, with those brought by enslaved Africans, as well as with those of the various Amerindian civilizations that predate colonization. Spanish is th ...
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