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Space Panic
is a 1980 arcade game designed by Universal. Predating Nintendo's ''Donkey Kong'', and lacking a jump mechanic, ''Space Panic'' was the first game involving climbing ladders between walkable platforms. The genre was initially labeled as "climbing games," but later became known as platform games. A ColecoVision port by CBS Electronics was released in the winter holiday season of 1982. The original arcade game was commercially successful in Japan but unsuccessful in North America. ''Space Panic'' inspired a number of clones, most notably ''Apple Panic'' which became a top-seller for home computers. ''Lode Runner'' (1983) later put its own spin on climbing and digging, a lineage which eventually took on the name puzzle-platform games. Gameplay The main character can move along platforms and climb the ladders between them. The goal is to dig holes in the platforms and lure aliens into them. Hitting a trapped alien with the shovel knocks them out of the hole and off the screen. ...
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Universal Entertainment
formerly known as and Universal, is a Japanese manufacturer of pachinko, slot machines, arcade games and other gaming products, and a publisher of video games. Aruze possesses licenses to both manufacture and distribute casino machines in the American states of Nevada, Mississippi and New Jersey. The company's corporate headquarters are in Tokyo. Aruze is also the licence holder of the video game franchise ''Shadow Hearts''. Up until February 18, 2012, the company owned approximately 21% of Wynn Resorts. On November 1, 2009, Aruze Corporation changed its name to Universal Entertainment Corporation due to financial difficulties. Universal Universal Lease Co., Ltd was established in December 1969. It later changed its name to Universal Ltd in Japan. Universal Distributing Company opened as an american subsidiary to sell video games direct to operators, and was later named Universal USA. They initially earned success with arcade video games that cloned popular arcade games. ''Sc ...
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Level (video Gaming)
In video games, a level (also referred to as a map, stage, or round in some older games) is any space available to the player during the course of completion of an objective. Video game levels generally have progressively-increasing difficulty to appeal to players with different skill levels. Each level may present new concepts and challenges to keep a player's interest high. In games with linear progression, levels are areas of a larger world, such as Green Hill Zone. Games may also feature interconnected levels, representing locations. Although the challenge in a game is often to defeat some sort of character, levels are sometimes designed with a movement challenge, such as a jumping puzzle, a form of obstacle course. Players must judge the distance between platforms or ledges and safely jump between them to reach the next area. These puzzles can slow the momentum down for players of fast action games; the first ''Half-Life'''s penultimate chapter, "Interloper", featured multip ...
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1981 In Video Games
Fueled by the previous year's release of the colorful and appealing ''Pac-Man'', the audience for arcade games in 1981 became much wider. ''Pac-Man'' influenced maze games began appearing in arcades and on home systems. ''Pac-Man'' was again the year's highest-grossing video game for the second year in a row. Nintendo released the arcade game ''Donkey Kong'', which defined the platformer genre. Other arcade hits released in 1981 include '' Defender'', ''Scramble'', ''Frogger'', and ''Galaga''. The year's best-selling home system was Nintendo's Game & Watch, for the second year in a row. Financial performance * The arcade video game market in the US generates $4.8 billion in revenue. * The home video game market in the US generates $1 billion in sales revenue, with Atari remaining the market leader. * The home video game market in Europe is worth $200 million. Highest-grossing arcade games The year's highest-grossing video game was ''Pac-Man'' with in arcade game revenue, thre ...
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Jump Bug
is a 1981 scrolling shooter platform game developed by Alpha Denshi under contract for Hoei Corporation. It was distributed in arcades by Sega in Japan and Europe, and by Rock-Ola in North America. It was the first platform game to include horizontal and, in one segment, vertical scrolling. ''Jump Bug'' was ported to the Emerson Arcadia and the Leisure Vision home systems. The game uses a limited form of parallax scrolling, with the main scene scrolling while starry night sky is fixed and clouds move slowly, adding depth to the scenery. This was a year before ''Moon Patrol'' (1982), with its three moving layers. Gameplay The player controls a constantly bouncing car, which resembles a Volkswagen Beetle (or "bug"), driving through a city, mountains, pyramid, and underwater. The height of the jump and speed of a fall can be controlled with the joystick. The player can shoot various enemies that appear. Points are gained by collecting treasure, killing enemies and jumping on cl ...
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Scramble (video Game)
is a side-scrolling shooter game released for arcades in 1981. It was developed by Konami, and manufactured and distributed by Leijac in Japan and Stern in North America. It was the first side-scrolling shooter with forced scrolling and multiple distinct levels,Game Genres: Shmups
Professor Jim Whitehead, January 29, 2007, Accessed June 17, 2008
serving as a foundation for later side-scrolling shooters. It was Konami's first major worldwide hit. In the United States, it sold 15,136 arcade cabinets within five months and became Stern's second best-selling game. ''Scramble'' was not ported to any major contemporary consoles or computers, but there were releases for the

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Maze Game
A maze is a path or collection of paths, typically from an entrance to a goal. The word is used to refer both to branching tour puzzles through which the solver must find a route, and to simpler non-branching ("unicursal") patterns that lead unambiguously through a convoluted layout to a goal. The term "labyrinth" is generally synonymous with "maze", but can also connote specifically a unicursal pattern. The pathways and walls in a maze are typically fixed, but puzzles in which the walls and paths can change during the game are also categorised as mazes or tour puzzles. Construction Mazes have been built with walls and rooms, with Hedge maze, hedges, Turf maze, turf, Corn maze, corn stalks, Straw maze, straw bales, books, paving stones of contrasting colors or designs, and brick, or in fields of crops such as cereal, corn or, indeed, maize. Maize mazes can be very large; they are usually only kept for one growing season, so they can be different every year, and are promoted ...
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Heiankyo Alien
, known as ''Digger'' in North America, is a maze video game created by the University of Tokyo's Theoretical Science Group (TSG) in 1979.Translation The game was originally developed and released as a personal computer game in 1979, and was then published by as an arcade game in November 1979. In 1980, the arcade game was released in North America as ''Digger'' by Sega-Gremlin Industries, Gremlin, with minor changes in appearance. The game was a commercial success in Japan, where it was among the top ten highest-grossing 1979 in video games, arcade games of 1979 and 1980 in video games, 1980. The game has been ported to several other gaming systems since its original release. It was an early example of a List of maze chase games, maze chase game, predating Namco's ''Pac-Man'' (1980). It also began a genre of games about digging holes and luring enemies into traps, variously called "trap 'em up" or "digging" games, which includes titles such as ''Space Panic'' (1980) and ''Lode Ru ...
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Gamest
was a Japanese video game magazine that specialized in covering arcade games. Published by Shinseisha, it first began in May 1986 and originally published bi-monthly, later changed to be a monthly-issued magazine in the late 1980s. The magazine also featured the annual "Gamest Awards", which hands out awards to games based on user vote. The magazine had a heavy-focus on shoot 'em up arcade games, but would also cover games from other genres. ''Gamest'' originated from the bi-monthly fanzine ''VG2 Newsletter'' from the early 1980s. The magazine ran for several years, with its final issue being released in September 1999. Following the bankruptcy of publisher Shinseisha, many editors would move to ASCII and create a successor magazine, ''Monthly Arcadia''. History ''Gamest'' arose from the bimonthly fanzine , VG2 kaihō which was also called , VG 2 rengō-shi edited by , Uemura Tomokita.
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Tehkan
, was a Japanese video game corporation founded in 1967. It had its headquarters in Kudankita, Chiyoda, Tokyo. Its subsidiary, Tecmo Inc, was located in Torrance, California. Tecmo was formerly known as Tehkan. Tecmo is known for the ''Captain Tsubasa'', '' Dead or Alive'', ''Deception'', ''Fatal Frame'', ''Gallop Racer'', ''Monster Rancher'', ''Ninja Gaiden'', ''Rygar'', ''Star Force'' and ''Tecmo Bowl'' video game series. When it was still called Tehkan, the company released arcade games such as ''Bomb Jack'', ''Gridiron Fight'' and ''Tehkan World Cup''. The company was founded on July 31, 1967 as a supplier of cleaning equipment. By 1969, it started to sell amusement equipment. In 2009, Tecmo merged with Koei to form the holding company Tecmo Koei Holdings and was operated as a subsidiary until its disbandment in early 2010. In April 2010, Tecmo was dissolved and its video game franchises are now published by Koei Tecmo Games. Tecmo is also the name of a distinct video game d ...
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Tehkan World Cup
originally released as in Japan, is an association football video game released to arcades in 1985 by Tehkan, the former name of Tecmo. It features multiplayer gameplay and trackball controllers. It was released in both upright and table arcade cabinets, but was most commonly released in a cocktail cabinet form factor. Its arrival coincided with the buildup to the 1986 FIFA World Cup. It featured the then colors of several of the world's top teams such as West Germany, Argentina and Brazil, although it did not mention any team by name. The game uses a bird's-eye view, with the trackball controls allowing game physics such as controlling both the direction and speed of the shot. The gameplay format was adapted from the American football game ''Gridiron Fight'', developed by the same team and released earlier in the year, for an association football game, but with the controls simplified down to a trackball and single action button. It became a major success in arcades, and wa ...
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Bomb Jack
''Bomb Jack'' is a platform video game developed and published by Tehkan for arcades in and later ported to various home systems. The game was a commercial success for arcades and home computers. It was followed by several sequels: the console and computer title '' Mighty Bomb Jack'', the arcade game ''Bomb Jack Twin'', and ''Bomb Jack II'' which was licensed for home computers only. Gameplay Bomb Jack is a hero who can perform high jumps and float in the air. His goal is to collect all red bombs on the screen. The game's antagonists are enemies such as birds and mummies which, once they drop in the bottom of the screen, can morph into things like flying saucers and orbs that float around the screen, making Jack lose a life if he touches them. Collecting bombs will increase the bonus meter at the top of the screen (collecting lit bombs increases it more). When the meter is completely filled up, a circular bouncing "P" appears, and when collected, it will turn all the enemies ...
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