|
Southgate Estate
The Southgate Estate was a modernist public housing project located in Runcorn New Town (Cheshire, England) and completed in 1977. The estate was designed by James Stirling, and comprised 1,500 residential units intended to house 6,000 people. The estate was demolished between 1990 and 1992 and replaced with another housing development, known as Hallwood Park, based around more traditional design principles.Morton, Jane ''From Southgate to Hallwood Park: 25 Years in the Life of a Community'' (Merseyside Improved Houses, 1994). Design The design brief for Southgate asked for formal streets and squares, citing the Georgian city of Bath. Instead, architect James Stirling devised a radical new housing type. The estate comprised a combination of deck-access apartment blocks, mainly located at its northern end, along with flat-roofed terraced housing at its southern end. The estate was connected by a pedestrian bridge linking the complex of deck-access flats to the nearby Shopping C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southgate Estate, Runcorn, August 1989
Southgate or South Gate may refer to: Places Australia *Southgate, Sylvania *Southgate Arts and Leisure Precinct, an area within Southbank, Victoria Canada *Southgate, Ontario, a township in Grey County * Southgate, Middlesex County, Ontario Edmonton *Southgate Centre, a shopping centre in Edmonton, Alberta **Southgate station (Edmonton), a light rail station in Edmonton, Alberta New Zealand * Southgate, New Zealand, a suburb of Wellington South Africa * Southgate, South Africa South Korea * Namdaemun, Seoul United Kingdom *Southgate, London, a suburban area of north London **Enfield Southgate (UK Parliament constituency) **Southgate tube station, a London Underground station **Municipal Borough of Southgate, historic local government district *New Southgate, a residential suburb in London, England *SouthGate, Bath, a shopping centre in Bath, Somerset, England *, village in Ceredigion, Wales * Southgate, Cheshire * Southgate, Norfolk *Southgate Estate, Runcorn, a housing dev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladding (construction)
Cladding is the application of one material over another to provide a skin or layer. In construction, cladding is used to provide a degree of thermal insulation and weather resistance, and to improve the appearance of buildings. Cladding can be made of any of a wide range of materials including wood, metal, brick, vinyl, and composite materials that can include aluminium, wood, blends of cement and recycled polystyrene, wheat/rice straw fibres. Rainscreen cladding is a form of weather cladding designed to protect against the elements, but also offers thermal insulation. The cladding does not itself need to be waterproof, merely a control element: it may serve only to direct water or wind safely away in order to control run-off and prevent its infiltration into the building structure. Cladding may also be a control element for noise, either entering or escaping. Cladding can become a fire risk by design or material. Description Cladding in construction is material applied over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1979 Energy Crisis
The 1979 oil crisis, also known as the 1979 Oil Shock or Second Oil Crisis, was an energy crisis caused by a drop in oil production in the wake of the Iranian Revolution. Although the global oil supply only decreased by approximately four percent, the oil markets' reaction raised the price of crude oil drastically over the next 12 months, more than doubling it to . The sudden increase in price was connected with fuel shortages and long lines at gas stations similar to the 1973 oil crisis. In 1980, following the onset of the Iran–Iraq War, oil production in Iran fell drastically. Iraq's oil production also dropped significantly, triggering economic recessions worldwide. Oil prices did not return to pre-crisis levels until the mid-1980s. Oil prices after 1980 began a steady decline over the next 20 years, except for a brief uptick during the Gulf War, which then reached a 60% fall-off in the 1990s. Mexico, Nigeria, and Venezuela's major oil exporters expanded their produc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southgate Estate, Runcorn, August 1989, 5
Southgate or South Gate may refer to: Places Australia *Southgate, Sylvania *Southgate Arts and Leisure Precinct, an area within Southbank, Victoria Canada *Southgate, Ontario, a township in Grey County * Southgate, Middlesex County, Ontario Edmonton *Southgate Centre, a shopping centre in Edmonton, Alberta **Southgate station (Edmonton), a light rail station in Edmonton, Alberta New Zealand * Southgate, New Zealand, a suburb of Wellington South Africa * Southgate, South Africa South Korea * Namdaemun, Seoul United Kingdom *Southgate, London, a suburban area of north London **Enfield Southgate (UK Parliament constituency) **Southgate tube station, a London Underground station **Municipal Borough of Southgate, historic local government district *New Southgate, a residential suburb in London, England *SouthGate, Bath, a shopping centre in Bath, Somerset, England *, village in Ceredigion, Wales * Southgate, Cheshire * Southgate, Norfolk *Southgate Estate, Runcorn, a housing dev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machine Age
The Machine Age is an era that includes the early-to-mid 20th century, sometimes also including the late 19th century. An approximate dating would be about 1880 to 1945. Considered to be at its peak in the time between the World War I, first and World War II, second world wars, the Machine Age overlaps with the late part of the Second Industrial Revolution (which ended around 1914 at the start of World War I) and continues beyond it until 1945 at the end of World War II. The 1940s saw the beginning of the Atomic Age, where modern physics saw new applications such as the Nuclear weapon, atomic bomb, the first computers, and the transistor. The Digital Revolution ended the intellectual model of the machine age founded in the mechanical and heralding a new more complex model of high technology. The digital era has been called the The Second Machine Age, Second Machine Age, with its increased focus on machines that do mental tasks. Universal chronology ImageSize = width:800 hei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colin Ward
Colin Ward (14 August 1924 – 11 February 2010)Ken Worpole, "Colin Ward", ''The Guardian'', 22 February 2010 Retrieved 20 February 2022 was a British writer and editor. He has been called "one of the greatest anarchist thinkers of the past half century, and a pioneering ." Life Ward was born in , |
Butlins
Butlin's is a chain of large seaside resorts in the United Kingdom. Butlin's was founded by Billy Butlin to provide affordable holidays for ordinary British families. Between 1936 and 1966, ten camps were built, including one in Ireland and one in the Bahamas. In the 1970s and 1980s, Butlin's also operated numerous large hotels, including one in Spain, a number of smaller holiday parks in England and France, and a revolving restaurant in the Post Office Tower in London.Summary of Butlins history on Butlin's website Butlins (15 April 2011). Retrieved 13 July 2011. Tough competition from overseas package holiday operators, rising operational costs, and rapidly changing demand, forced many of the Butlin's operations to close in the 1980s and 1990s. Three of the original camp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sutherland Lyall
Sutherland ( gd, Cataibh) is a historic county, registration county and lieutenancy area in the Highlands of Scotland. Its county town is Dornoch. Sutherland borders Caithness and Moray Firth to the east, Ross-shire and Cromartyshire (later combined into Ross and Cromarty) to the south and the Atlantic to the north and west. Like its southern neighbour Ross-shire, Sutherland has some of the most dramatic scenery in Europe, especially on its western fringe where the mountains meet the sea. These include high sea cliffs, and very old mountains composed of Precambrian and Cambrian rocks. The name ''Sutherland'' dates from the era of Norwegian Viking rule and settlement over much of the Highlands and Islands, under the rule of the jarl of Orkney. Although it contains some of the northernmost land in the island of Great Britain, it was called ' ("southern land") from the standpoint of Orkney and Caithness. In Gaelic, the area is referred to according to its traditional areas: ' (or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public House
A pub (short for public house) is a kind of drinking establishment which is licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises. The term ''public house'' first appeared in the United Kingdom in late 17th century, and was used to differentiate private houses from those which were, quite literally, open to the public as "alehouses", "taverns" and "inns". By Georgian times, the term had become common parlance, although taverns, as a distinct establishment, had largely ceased to exist by the beginning of the 19th century. Today, there is no strict definition, but CAMRA states a pub has four characteristics:GLA Economics, Closing time: London's public houses, 2017 # is open to the public without membership or residency # serves draught beer or cider without requiring food be consumed # has at least one indoor area not laid out for meals # allows drinks to be bought at a bar (i.e., not only table service) The history of pubs can be traced to Roman taverns in B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lego
Lego ( , ; stylized as LEGO) is a line of plastic construction toys that are manufactured by The Lego Group, a privately held company based in Billund, Denmark. The company's flagship product, Lego, consists of variously colored interlocking plastic bricks accompanying an array of gears, figurines called minifigures, and various other parts. Lego pieces can be assembled and connected in many ways to construct objects, including vehicles, buildings, and working robots. Anything constructed can be taken apart again, and the pieces reused to make new things. The Lego Group began manufacturing the interlocking toy bricks in 1949. Movies, games, competitions and eight Legoland amusement parks have been developed under the brand. , 600 billion Lego parts had been produced. History The Lego Group began in the workshop of Ole Kirk Christiansen (1891–1958), a carpenter from Billund, Denmark, who began making wooden toys in 1932. In 1934, his company came to be called ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southgate Estate, Runcorn, August 1989, 4
Southgate or South Gate may refer to: Places Australia *Southgate, Sylvania *Southgate Arts and Leisure Precinct, an area within Southbank, Victoria Canada *Southgate, Ontario, a township in Grey County * Southgate, Middlesex County, Ontario Edmonton *Southgate Centre, a shopping centre in Edmonton, Alberta **Southgate station (Edmonton), a light rail station in Edmonton, Alberta New Zealand * Southgate, New Zealand, a suburb of Wellington South Africa * Southgate, South Africa South Korea * Namdaemun, Seoul United Kingdom *Southgate, London, a suburban area of north London **Enfield Southgate (UK Parliament constituency) **Southgate tube station, a London Underground station **Municipal Borough of Southgate, historic local government district *New Southgate, a residential suburb in London, England *SouthGate, Bath, a shopping centre in Bath, Somerset, England *, village in Ceredigion, Wales * Southgate, Cheshire * Southgate, Norfolk *Southgate Estate, Runcorn, a housing dev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merseyside
Merseyside ( ) is a metropolitan county, metropolitan and ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in North West England, with a population of List of ceremonial counties of England, 1.38 million. It encompasses both banks of the Mersey Estuary and comprises five metropolitan boroughs: Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley, Knowsley, Metropolitan Borough of St Helens, St Helens, Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, Sefton, Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, Wirral and the city of Liverpool. Merseyside, which was created on 1 April 1974 as a result of the Local Government Act 1972, takes its name from the River Mersey and sits within the historic counties of Lancashire and Cheshire. Merseyside spans of land. It borders the ceremonial counties of Lancashire (to the north-east), Greater Manchester (to the east), Cheshire (to the south and south-east) and the Irish Sea to the west. North Wales is across the Dee Estuary. There is a mix of high density urban areas, suburbs, semi-rur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
