Southeast Papuan Languages

	Southeast Papuan Languages The Southeast Papuan or Papuan Peninsula ("Bird's Tail") languages are a group of half a dozen small language family, families of Papuan languages in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea that are part of the Trans–New Guinea languages, Trans–New Guinea (TNG) phylum. Languages The languages are as follows: Dagan languages, Dagan (Meneao Range) Owen Stanley Range Koiarian languages, Koiarian (Koiari – Managalas Plateau) Kwalean languages, Kwalean (Humene–Uare) Manubaran languages, Manubaran (Mount Brown) Mailu–Yareban *Yareban languages, Yareban (Musa River) ''Bauwaki language, Bauwaki'' *Mailuan languages, Mailuan (Cloudy Bay Rural LLG, Cloudy Bay) They have in common ''ya'' for 'you' (plural) instead of proto-TNG ''gi''. Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Lexical comparison The lexical data below is from the Trans-New Guinea database and Usher (2020). References {{Languages of Papua N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Papuan Peninsula The Papuan Peninsula, also known as the Bird's Tail Peninsula, is a large peninsula in Papua New Guinea, southeast of the city of Lae, that makes up the southeastern portion of the island of New Guinea. The peninsula is the easternmost extent of the New Guinea Highlands and consists largely of the Owen Stanley Range, with peaks such as Mount Victoria (4,038 m) and Mount Suckling (3,676 m). On the south coast is Port Moresby, the capital and largest city of Papua New Guinea. The island of New Guinea is often visualized as being in the shape of a bird, with the Bird's Head Peninsula being at the northwest end of the island, and the Bird's Tail Peninsula at the southeast end. For example, American soldiers in WWII visualized it specifically as a turkey, and referenced the anatomy of the bird as a shorthand for explaining where various actions and deployments occurred on the island. See also Southeast Papuan languages The Southeast Papuan or Papuan Peninsula ("Bird's Tail") lang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Cloudy Bay Rural LLG Cloudy Bay Rural LLG is a local-level government (LLG) of Central Province, Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i .... Wards 01. Boru 02. Doma 03. Robinson River 04. Si'ini 05. Duramu 06. Ganai 07. Amau 08. Ianu 09. Domara 10. Baramata 11. Tutubu 12. Merani 13. Manabo 14. Dom 15. Cocoalands 85. Moreguina Urban References * * Local-level governments of Central Province (Papua New Guinea) {{CentralProvincePNG-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Southeast Papuan Languages The Southeast Papuan or Papuan Peninsula ("Bird's Tail") languages are a group of half a dozen small language family, families of Papuan languages in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea that are part of the Trans–New Guinea languages, Trans–New Guinea (TNG) phylum. Languages The languages are as follows: Dagan languages, Dagan (Meneao Range) Owen Stanley Range Koiarian languages, Koiarian (Koiari – Managalas Plateau) Kwalean languages, Kwalean (Humene–Uare) Manubaran languages, Manubaran (Mount Brown) Mailu–Yareban *Yareban languages, Yareban (Musa River) ''Bauwaki language, Bauwaki'' *Mailuan languages, Mailuan (Cloudy Bay Rural LLG, Cloudy Bay) They have in common ''ya'' for 'you' (plural) instead of proto-TNG ''gi''. Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Lexical comparison The lexical data below is from the Trans-New Guinea database and Usher (2020). References {{Languages of Papua N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Musa River Languages The Yareban or Musa River languages are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken near the Musa River in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea. They are classified within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea. Languages The languages are, * Moikodi (Doriri) * Aneme Wake (Abia) Barijian: Bariji, Nawaru (Sirio) Yareba Barijian is suggested by lexicostatistics in Dutton (1971). The only pronouns which are known in enough languages to reconstruct are ''na'' 1sg and ''a'' 2sg, which are common to all Yareban languages. Proto-language Phonemes Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows: : s and dz were acquired through loans, but may have already been present in the protolanguage. ʔ and g may have been allophones. Vowels are a e i o u. Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Basic vocabulary Some lexical reconstructions by Usher (2020) are: : Evolution Yareban reflexes of proto- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Mount Brown Languages The Manubaran languages are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken around Mount Brown in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea. They are classified within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea. Languages The languages are Doromu and Maria, and are 63% lexically similar. Proto-language Phonemes Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows: : Vowels are a e i o u. Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Basic vocabulary Usher (2020) Some lexical reconstructions of Proto-Mount Brown and Proto-Doromu-Koki, as well as Proto-Gebi and Proto-Maria, by Usher (2020) are: : Ross (2014) The following basic vocabulary words of Proto-Manubaran and lower-level reconstructions by Malcolm Ross (2014) are from the Trans-New Guinea database: : Evolution Maria reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are: ''ama'' ‘mother’ < am(a,i) ''baba(e)'' ‘father’ < mbapa ''kuyau'' ‘ [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Proto-Manubaran The Manubaran languages are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken around Mount Brown in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea. They are classified within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea. Languages The languages are Doromu and Maria, and are 63% lexically similar. Proto-language Phonemes Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows: : Vowels are a e i o u. Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Basic vocabulary Usher (2020) Some lexical reconstructions of Proto-Mount Brown and Proto-Doromu-Koki, as well as Proto-Gebi and Proto-Maria, by Usher (2020) are: : Ross (2014) The following basic vocabulary words of Proto-Manubaran and lower-level reconstructions by Malcolm Ross (2014) are from the Trans-New Guinea database: : Evolution Maria reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are: ''ama'' ‘mother’ < am(a,i) ''baba(e)'' ‘father’ < mbapa ''kuyau'' ‘ [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Humene-Uare Languages The Kwalean or Humene–Uare languages are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea. They are classified within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea. The Kwalean languages are spoken in Rigo District, Central Province, Papua New Guinea. Languages The languages are Humene, Uare (Kwale) and recently extinct Mulaha. It is not clear if Mulaha was an outlier, or as close to the others as they are to each other. Classification Humene and Uare are quite close (70% basic vocabulary), Mulaha more distant (22% with Uare). The Kwalean family is not accepted by Søren Wichmann (2013), who splits it into two separate groups, namely Humene– Uare and Mulaha.Wichmann, Søren. 2013A classification of Papuan languages In: Hammarström, Harald and Wilco van den Heuvel (eds.), History, contact and classification of Papuan languages (Language and Linguistics in Melanesia, Special Issue 2012), 313 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Proto-Kwalean The Kwalean or Humene–Uare languages are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea. They are classified within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea. The Kwalean languages are spoken in Rigo District, Central Province, Papua New Guinea. Languages The languages are Humene, Uare (Kwale) and recently extinct Mulaha. It is not clear if Mulaha was an outlier, or as close to the others as they are to each other. Classification Humene and Uare are quite close (70% basic vocabulary), Mulaha more distant (22% with Uare). The Kwalean family is not accepted by Søren Wichmann (2013), who splits it into two separate groups, namely Humene– Uare and Mulaha.Wichmann, Søren. 2013A classification of Papuan languages In: Hammarström, Harald and Wilco van den Heuvel (eds.), History, contact and classification of Papuan languages (Language and Linguistics in Melanesia, Special Issue 2012), 313 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Proto-Koiarian The Koiarian languages Koiari are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea. They are classified within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea. Languages The languages are: * Koiaric branch (Koiari): Grass Koiari, Mountain Koiari– Koitabu * Baraic branch ( Managalas Plateau): Barai– Namiae, Ese (Managalasi), Ömie Dutton (2010) classifies the Koiarian languages as: Baraic * Ömie ** Barai– Managalasi (incl. Namiae) Koiaric * Mountain Koiari Koita Kitta or Koita ( el, Κοίτα) is a village in the Mani peninsula, Laconia, Greece. It is part of the municipal unit of Oitylo. It is built on top of a hill, overlooking the sea. Kitta is known for its many Maniot pyrgoi (war towers). Partial ... – Grass Koiari Proto-language Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Vocabulary The following basic vocabulary words of Proto-Koiarian and other lower-le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:** [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Proto-Binandere The Greater Binanderean or Guhu-Oro languages are a language family spoken along the northeast coast of the Papuan Peninsula – the "Bird's Tail" of New Guinea – and appear to be a recent expansion from the north. They were classified as a branch of the Trans–New Guinea languages by Stephen Wurm (1975) and Malcolm Ross (2005), but removed (along with the related Goilalan languages) by Timothy Usher (2020). The Binandere family proper is transparently valid; Ross connected it to the Guhu-Semane isolate based on pronominal evidence, and this has been confirmed by Smallhorn (2011). Proto-Binanderean (which excludes Guhu-Samane) has been reconstructed in Smallhorn (2011). Language contact There is evidence that settlements of people speaking Oceanic languages along the Binanderean coast were gradually absorbed into inland communities speaking Binanderean languages (Bradshaw 2017). For instance, the SOV word order of Papuan Tip languages is due to Binanderean influence.Bradsha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Greater Binanderean Languages The Greater Binanderean or Guhu-Oro languages are a language family spoken along the northeast coast of the Papuan Peninsula – the "Bird's Tail" of New Guinea – and appear to be a recent expansion from the north. They were classified as a branch of the Trans–New Guinea languages by Stephen Wurm (1975) and Malcolm Ross (2005), but removed (along with the related Goilalan languages) by Timothy Usher (2020). The Binandere family proper is transparently valid; Ross connected it to the Guhu-Semane isolate based on pronominal evidence, and this has been confirmed by Smallhorn (2011). Proto-Binanderean (which excludes Guhu-Samane) has been reconstructed in Smallhorn (2011). Language contact There is evidence that settlements of people speaking Oceanic languages along the Binanderean coast were gradually absorbed into inland communities speaking Binanderean languages (Bradshaw 2017). For instance, the SOV word order of Papuan Tip languages is due to Binanderean influence.Brads ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Goilalan Languages The Goilalan or Wharton Range languages are a language family spoken around the Wharton Range in the "Bird's Tail" of New Guinea. They were classified as a branch of the Trans–New Guinea languages by Stephen Wurm (1975), but only tentatively retained there in the classification of Malcolm Ross (2005) and removed entirely by Timothy Usher (2020). Languages The languages are, * Fuyug * Tauade Northern (Kunimaipa): Biangai The Biangai people are an ethnic group living on the slopes of the upper Bulolo valley The Bulolo Valley is a geographical area in Bulolo District, Morobe Province Morobe Province is a province on the northern coast of Papua New Guinea. The prov ..., Kunimaipa, Weri The languages are clearly related, especially northern Biagai, Kunimaipa, and Weri, which might be considered divergent dialects. Pronouns Pronouns are: Northern: 1sg ''ne'', 2sg ''ni'', 3sg ''pi'' * Tauade/ Fuyug: 1sg ''na'', 2sg ''nu'' Tauade also has the possessive pronouns , . Voca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]

	Southeast Papuan Languages The Southeast Papuan or Papuan Peninsula ("Bird's Tail") languages are a group of half a dozen small language family, families of Papuan languages in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea that are part of the Trans–New Guinea languages, Trans–New Guinea (TNG) phylum. Languages The languages are as follows: Dagan languages, Dagan (Meneao Range) Owen Stanley Range Koiarian languages, Koiarian (Koiari – Managalas Plateau) Kwalean languages, Kwalean (Humene–Uare) Manubaran languages, Manubaran (Mount Brown) Mailu–Yareban *Yareban languages, Yareban (Musa River) ''Bauwaki language, Bauwaki'' *Mailuan languages, Mailuan (Cloudy Bay Rural LLG, Cloudy Bay) They have in common ''ya'' for 'you' (plural) instead of proto-TNG ''gi''. Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Lexical comparison The lexical data below is from the Trans-New Guinea database and Usher (2020). References {{Languages of Papua N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Papuan Peninsula The Papuan Peninsula, also known as the Bird's Tail Peninsula, is a large peninsula in Papua New Guinea, southeast of the city of Lae, that makes up the southeastern portion of the island of New Guinea. The peninsula is the easternmost extent of the New Guinea Highlands and consists largely of the Owen Stanley Range, with peaks such as Mount Victoria (4,038 m) and Mount Suckling (3,676 m). On the south coast is Port Moresby, the capital and largest city of Papua New Guinea. The island of New Guinea is often visualized as being in the shape of a bird, with the Bird's Head Peninsula being at the northwest end of the island, and the Bird's Tail Peninsula at the southeast end. For example, American soldiers in WWII visualized it specifically as a turkey, and referenced the anatomy of the bird as a shorthand for explaining where various actions and deployments occurred on the island. See also Southeast Papuan languages The Southeast Papuan or Papuan Peninsula ("Bird's Tail") lang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Cloudy Bay Rural LLG Cloudy Bay Rural LLG is a local-level government (LLG) of Central Province, Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i .... Wards 01. Boru 02. Doma 03. Robinson River 04. Si'ini 05. Duramu 06. Ganai 07. Amau 08. Ianu 09. Domara 10. Baramata 11. Tutubu 12. Merani 13. Manabo 14. Dom 15. Cocoalands 85. Moreguina Urban References * * Local-level governments of Central Province (Papua New Guinea) {{CentralProvincePNG-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Southeast Papuan Languages The Southeast Papuan or Papuan Peninsula ("Bird's Tail") languages are a group of half a dozen small language family, families of Papuan languages in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea that are part of the Trans–New Guinea languages, Trans–New Guinea (TNG) phylum. Languages The languages are as follows: Dagan languages, Dagan (Meneao Range) Owen Stanley Range Koiarian languages, Koiarian (Koiari – Managalas Plateau) Kwalean languages, Kwalean (Humene–Uare) Manubaran languages, Manubaran (Mount Brown) Mailu–Yareban *Yareban languages, Yareban (Musa River) ''Bauwaki language, Bauwaki'' *Mailuan languages, Mailuan (Cloudy Bay Rural LLG, Cloudy Bay) They have in common ''ya'' for 'you' (plural) instead of proto-TNG ''gi''. Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Lexical comparison The lexical data below is from the Trans-New Guinea database and Usher (2020). References {{Languages of Papua N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Musa River Languages The Yareban or Musa River languages are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken near the Musa River in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea. They are classified within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea. Languages The languages are, * Moikodi (Doriri) * Aneme Wake (Abia) Barijian: Bariji, Nawaru (Sirio) Yareba Barijian is suggested by lexicostatistics in Dutton (1971). The only pronouns which are known in enough languages to reconstruct are ''na'' 1sg and ''a'' 2sg, which are common to all Yareban languages. Proto-language Phonemes Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows: : s and dz were acquired through loans, but may have already been present in the protolanguage. ʔ and g may have been allophones. Vowels are a e i o u. Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Basic vocabulary Some lexical reconstructions by Usher (2020) are: : Evolution Yareban reflexes of proto- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Mount Brown Languages The Manubaran languages are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken around Mount Brown in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea. They are classified within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea. Languages The languages are Doromu and Maria, and are 63% lexically similar. Proto-language Phonemes Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows: : Vowels are a e i o u. Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Basic vocabulary Usher (2020) Some lexical reconstructions of Proto-Mount Brown and Proto-Doromu-Koki, as well as Proto-Gebi and Proto-Maria, by Usher (2020) are: : Ross (2014) The following basic vocabulary words of Proto-Manubaran and lower-level reconstructions by Malcolm Ross (2014) are from the Trans-New Guinea database: : Evolution Maria reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are: ''ama'' ‘mother’ < am(a,i) ''baba(e)'' ‘father’ < mbapa ''kuyau'' ‘ [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Proto-Manubaran The Manubaran languages are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken around Mount Brown in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea. They are classified within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea. Languages The languages are Doromu and Maria, and are 63% lexically similar. Proto-language Phonemes Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows: : Vowels are a e i o u. Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Basic vocabulary Usher (2020) Some lexical reconstructions of Proto-Mount Brown and Proto-Doromu-Koki, as well as Proto-Gebi and Proto-Maria, by Usher (2020) are: : Ross (2014) The following basic vocabulary words of Proto-Manubaran and lower-level reconstructions by Malcolm Ross (2014) are from the Trans-New Guinea database: : Evolution Maria reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are: ''ama'' ‘mother’ < am(a,i) ''baba(e)'' ‘father’ < mbapa ''kuyau'' ‘ [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Humene-Uare Languages The Kwalean or Humene–Uare languages are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea. They are classified within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea. The Kwalean languages are spoken in Rigo District, Central Province, Papua New Guinea. Languages The languages are Humene, Uare (Kwale) and recently extinct Mulaha. It is not clear if Mulaha was an outlier, or as close to the others as they are to each other. Classification Humene and Uare are quite close (70% basic vocabulary), Mulaha more distant (22% with Uare). The Kwalean family is not accepted by Søren Wichmann (2013), who splits it into two separate groups, namely Humene– Uare and Mulaha.Wichmann, Søren. 2013A classification of Papuan languages In: Hammarström, Harald and Wilco van den Heuvel (eds.), History, contact and classification of Papuan languages (Language and Linguistics in Melanesia, Special Issue 2012), 313 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Proto-Kwalean The Kwalean or Humene–Uare languages are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea. They are classified within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea. The Kwalean languages are spoken in Rigo District, Central Province, Papua New Guinea. Languages The languages are Humene, Uare (Kwale) and recently extinct Mulaha. It is not clear if Mulaha was an outlier, or as close to the others as they are to each other. Classification Humene and Uare are quite close (70% basic vocabulary), Mulaha more distant (22% with Uare). The Kwalean family is not accepted by Søren Wichmann (2013), who splits it into two separate groups, namely Humene– Uare and Mulaha.Wichmann, Søren. 2013A classification of Papuan languages In: Hammarström, Harald and Wilco van den Heuvel (eds.), History, contact and classification of Papuan languages (Language and Linguistics in Melanesia, Special Issue 2012), 313 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Proto-Koiarian The Koiarian languages Koiari are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken in the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea. They are classified within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea. Languages The languages are: * Koiaric branch (Koiari): Grass Koiari, Mountain Koiari– Koitabu * Baraic branch ( Managalas Plateau): Barai– Namiae, Ese (Managalasi), Ömie Dutton (2010) classifies the Koiarian languages as: Baraic * Ömie ** Barai– Managalasi (incl. Namiae) Koiaric * Mountain Koiari Koita Kitta or Koita ( el, Κοίτα) is a village in the Mani peninsula, Laconia, Greece. It is part of the municipal unit of Oitylo. It is built on top of a hill, overlooking the sea. Kitta is known for its many Maniot pyrgoi (war towers). Partial ... – Grass Koiari Proto-language Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Vocabulary The following basic vocabulary words of Proto-Koiarian and other lower-le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:** [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Proto-Binandere The Greater Binanderean or Guhu-Oro languages are a language family spoken along the northeast coast of the Papuan Peninsula – the "Bird's Tail" of New Guinea – and appear to be a recent expansion from the north. They were classified as a branch of the Trans–New Guinea languages by Stephen Wurm (1975) and Malcolm Ross (2005), but removed (along with the related Goilalan languages) by Timothy Usher (2020). The Binandere family proper is transparently valid; Ross connected it to the Guhu-Semane isolate based on pronominal evidence, and this has been confirmed by Smallhorn (2011). Proto-Binanderean (which excludes Guhu-Samane) has been reconstructed in Smallhorn (2011). Language contact There is evidence that settlements of people speaking Oceanic languages along the Binanderean coast were gradually absorbed into inland communities speaking Binanderean languages (Bradshaw 2017). For instance, the SOV word order of Papuan Tip languages is due to Binanderean influence.Bradsha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Greater Binanderean Languages The Greater Binanderean or Guhu-Oro languages are a language family spoken along the northeast coast of the Papuan Peninsula – the "Bird's Tail" of New Guinea – and appear to be a recent expansion from the north. They were classified as a branch of the Trans–New Guinea languages by Stephen Wurm (1975) and Malcolm Ross (2005), but removed (along with the related Goilalan languages) by Timothy Usher (2020). The Binandere family proper is transparently valid; Ross connected it to the Guhu-Semane isolate based on pronominal evidence, and this has been confirmed by Smallhorn (2011). Proto-Binanderean (which excludes Guhu-Samane) has been reconstructed in Smallhorn (2011). Language contact There is evidence that settlements of people speaking Oceanic languages along the Binanderean coast were gradually absorbed into inland communities speaking Binanderean languages (Bradshaw 2017). For instance, the SOV word order of Papuan Tip languages is due to Binanderean influence.Brads ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Goilalan Languages The Goilalan or Wharton Range languages are a language family spoken around the Wharton Range in the "Bird's Tail" of New Guinea. They were classified as a branch of the Trans–New Guinea languages by Stephen Wurm (1975), but only tentatively retained there in the classification of Malcolm Ross (2005) and removed entirely by Timothy Usher (2020). Languages The languages are, * Fuyug * Tauade Northern (Kunimaipa): Biangai The Biangai people are an ethnic group living on the slopes of the upper Bulolo valley The Bulolo Valley is a geographical area in Bulolo District, Morobe Province Morobe Province is a province on the northern coast of Papua New Guinea. The prov ..., Kunimaipa, Weri The languages are clearly related, especially northern Biagai, Kunimaipa, and Weri, which might be considered divergent dialects. Pronouns Pronouns are: Northern: 1sg ''ne'', 2sg ''ni'', 3sg ''pi'' * Tauade/ Fuyug: 1sg ''na'', 2sg ''nu'' Tauade also has the possessive pronouns , . Voca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]