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South African Reduction Workers' Association
The South African Reduction Workers' Association (SARWA) was a trade union representing officials involved in processing mining ores in South Africa. The union was in existence in the early years of the 20th-century, but it nearly collapsed following the Rand Rebellion. By 1926, it had only 900 members, all of whom were white, but it began growing again under the leadership of Archie Moore. It was a founding affiliate of the South African Trades Union Congress, and then to its successor, the South African Trades and Labour Council. However, its acceptance of apartheid led it to split away in 1951, forming part of the new South African Federation of Trade Unions The South African Federation of Trade Unions (SAFTU) is a trade union federation in South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the s ..., which later joined the all-white South African Confederation of Lab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Union
A trade union (labor union in American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment", ch. I such as attaining better wages and benefits (such as holiday, health care, and retirement), improving working conditions, improving safety standards, establishing complaint procedures, developing rules governing status of employees (rules governing promotions, just-cause conditions for termination) and protecting the integrity of their trade through the increased bargaining power wielded by solidarity among workers. Trade unions typically fund their head office and legal team functions through regularly imposed fees called ''union dues''. The delegate staff of the trade union representation in the workforce are usually made up of workplace volunteers who are often appointed by members in democratic elections. The trade union, through an elected leadership and bargaining committee, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and to the east and northeast by Mozambique and Eswatini. It also completely enclaves the country Lesotho. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World, and the second-most populous country located entirely south of the equator, after Tanzania. South Africa is a biodiversity hotspot, with unique biomes, plant and animal life. With over 60 million people, the country is the world's 24th-most populous nation and covers an area of . South Africa has three capital cities, with the executive, judicial and legislative branches of government based in Pretoria, Bloemfontein, and Cape Town respectively. The largest city is Johannesburg. About 80% of the population are Black South Afri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rand Rebellion
The Rand Rebellion ( af, Rand-rebellie; also known as the 1922 strike) was an armed uprising of white miners in the Witwatersrand region of South Africa, in March 1922. Jimmy Green, a prominent politician in the Labour Party, was one of the leaders of the strike. Following a drop in the world price of gold from 130 shillings (£6 10s) per fine troy ounce in 1919 to 95s/oz (£4 15s) in December 1921, the companies tried to cut their operating costs by decreasing wages, and by weakening the colour bar by promoting cheaper black mine workers to skilled and supervisory positions. History The rebellion started as a strike by white mine workers on 28 December 1921 and shortly thereafter, it became an open rebellion against the state. Subsequently the workers, who had armed themselves, took over the cities of Benoni and Brakpan, and the Johannesburg suburbs of Fordsburg and Jeppe. The young Communist Party of South Africa (CPSA) took an active part in the uprisin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South African Trades Union Congress
The South African Trades Union Congress (TUC) was a national trade union federation in South Africa. The council was established in 1924, as the South African Association of Employees' Organisations. It was founded at a special congress, held after the collapse of the South African Industrial Federation, which was called by the Minister of Labour, Frederic Creswell. All the affiliated unions were registered under the Industrial Conciliation Act 1924 and represented white workers. The federation was expected to be very moderate, but unexpectedly elected the leading communist Bill Andrews as its general secretary.Wessel Visser'Exporting Trade Unionism and Labour Politics: the British Influence on the early South African Labour Movement' ''New Contree'' 49 (2005), 145-62 As president, it elected Jimmy Briggs, a Labour Party Senator. The unexpected radicalism of the federation led some long-established unions not to affiliate, while the Mine Workers' Union and South African Typo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South African Trades And Labour Council
The South African Trades and Labour Council (SAT&LC) was a national trade union federation in South Africa. History The federation was founded in 1930, when the South African Trades Union Council merged with the Cape Federation of Labour Unions. The federation was broadly split between the craft unions and mining unions, which generally only admitted white workers and took conservative positions; and a growing number of industrial unions, which admitted white, Asian and "coloured" members, and often worked closely with unions representing black workers. In 1944, the federation adopted the Workers' Charter, which aimed to bring about a socialist government. In 1947, some unions of white workers resigned in opposition to the SAT&LC admitting black workers, and they formed the pro-apartheid Co-ordinating Council of South African Trade Unions. A further group of right-wing craft unions left in 1951 to form the South African Federation of Trade Unions. In 1950, the Government of Sou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apartheid In South Africa
Apartheid (, especially South African English: , ; , "aparthood") was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s. Apartheid was characterised by an authoritarian political culture based on ''baasskap'' (boss-hood or boss-ship), which ensured that South Africa was dominated politically, socially, and economically by the nation's minority white population. According to this system of social stratification, white citizens had the highest status, followed by Indians and Coloureds, then black Africans. The economic legacy and social effects of apartheid continue to the present day. Broadly speaking, apartheid was delineated into ''petty apartheid'', which entailed the segregation of public facilities and social events, and ''grand apartheid'', which dictated housing and employment opportunities by race. The first apartheid law was the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South African Federation Of Trade Unions (1951)
The South African Federation of Trade Unions (SAFTU) was a national trade union federation of workers representing workers in South Africa. The federation was founded in 1951, as a split from the South African Trades and Labour Council by right-wing unions which accepted apartheid and did not approve of black workers being given a role in governing trade unions. Some of the unions which split away were restricted to white workers, while others accepted "coloured" or Asian members, but none admitted black workers. The unions with a mixed membership, such as the South African Typographical Union, soon left to join the new Trade Union Council of South Africa, which similarly did not admit black workers. In 1957, the federation affiliated to the South African Confederation of Labour (SACOL). By 1962, it had 11 affiliates, with a total of 66,263 members. As SACOL became more centralised, SAFTU declined in importance, and it appears to have dissolved around 1980. {, class="wikitab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South African Confederation Of Labour
The South African Confederation of Labour (SACOL) was a national trade union federation of white workers in South Africa. History The federation was established in 1957, as a loose body bringing together the South African Federation of Trade Unions, the Co-ordinating Council of South African Trade Unions, the Federal Consultative Council of South African Railways and Harbours Staff Associations, and the Trade Union Council of South Africa (TUCSA). TUCSA withdrew in 1958, and the remaining federation was broadly supportive of apartheid. In 1968, the federation decided to permit individual unions to affiliate. These unions gradually came to operate on an equal footing to the remaining affiliated federations, and this led the Federal Consultative Council to disaffiliate in 1975, although all but one of its own affiliates decided to sign up individually to SACOL. This took the federation's membership to a maximum of 25 unions with 206,511 members. While the Government of South Afri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Administrative And Technical Officials' Association
The Mine Surface Officials' Association (MSOA) was a trade union representing supervisors in the mining industry in South Africa who did not work underground. The union was founded in 1919, inspired by the Underground Officials' Association (UOA) which had been established the previous year. It avoided strike action or political activity, although some of its members participated in an unofficial strike in 1920. The union later affiliated to the Trade Union Council of South Africa, and by 1980 it had 13,868 members.{{cite book , last1=Miller , first1=Shirley , title=Trade Unions in South Africa 1970-1980: a directory and statistics , date=1982 , publisher=Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit , location=Cape Town , isbn=0799204692 , page=252 The union's general secretary, Robie Botha, became concerned that its closed shop agreement would not survive, and that it should therefore merge with other unions in the industry. He recruited Koos Bezuidenhout as a new gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Administrative, Technical And Electronic Association Of South Africa
The Administrative, Technical and Electronic Association of South Africa (ATEASA) was a trade union representing supervisory workers in South Africa. The union was established in 1996, when the Administrative and Technical Officials' Association merged with the South African Technical Officials' Association. The South African Electrical Workers' Association was involved in the merger negotiations, but decided against affiliating. The union affiliated with the Federation of South African Labour Unions. Simon Moshesh was elected as the union's president, and Koos Bezuidenhout as its managing director.{{cite journal , title=South Africa , journal=Foreign Labour Trends , date=1997 On 1 April 1998, the union merged with the Officials' Association of South Africa The Underground Officials' Association (UOA) was a trade union representing supervisors in the mining industry in South Africa. The union was founded in 1918. It accepted only white workers, and prided itself on not op ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mining Trade Unions
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth, usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef, or placer deposit. The exploitation of these deposits for raw material is based on the economic viability of investing in the equipment, labor, and energy required to extract, refine and transport the materials found at the mine to manufacturers who can use the material. Ores recovered by mining include metals, coal, oil shale, gemstones, limestone, chalk, dimension stone, rock salt, potash, gravel, and clay. Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be grown through agricultural processes, or feasibly created artificially in a laboratory or factory. Mining in a wider sense includes extraction of any non-renewable resource such as petroleum, natural gas, or even water. Modern mining processes involve prospecting for ore bodies, analysis of the profit potential of a proposed mine, extraction of the desired materials, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions Disestablished In 1996
Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct exchange of goods and services for other goods and services, i.e. trading things without the use of money. Modern traders generally negotiate through a medium of exchange, such as money. As a result, buying can be separated from selling, or earning. The invention of money (and letter of credit, paper money, and non-physical money) greatly simplified and promoted trade. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, while trade involving more than two traders is called multilateral trade. In one modern view, trade exists due to specialization and the division of labour, a predominant form of economic activity in which individuals and groups concentrate on a small aspect of production, but use their output in trades for other products a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
