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Social Feminism
Social feminism is a feminist movement that advocates for social rights and special accommodations for women. It was first used to describe members of the women's suffrage movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries who were concerned with social problems that affected women and children. They saw obtaining the vote mainly as a means to achieve their reform goals rather than a primary goal in itself. After women gained the right to vote, social feminism continued in the form of labor feminists who advocated for protectionist legislation and special benefits for women. The term is widely used, although some historians have questioned its validity. Origin of term William L. O'Neill introduced the term "social feminism" in his 1969 history of the feminist movement ''Everyone Was Brave: The Rise and Fall of Feminism in America''. He used the term to cover women involved in municipal civic reform, settlement houses and improving labor conditions for women and children ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women's Suffrage
Women's suffrage is the women's rights, right of women to Suffrage, vote in elections. Beginning in the start of the 18th century, some people sought to change voting laws to allow women to vote. Liberal political parties would go on to grant women the right to vote, increasing the number of those parties' potential constituencies. National and international organizations formed to coordinate efforts towards women voting, especially the International Alliance of Women, International Woman Suffrage Alliance (founded in 1904 in Berlin, Germany). Many instances occurred in recent centuries where women were selectively given, then stripped of, the right to vote. The first place in the world to award and maintain women's suffrage was New Jersey in 1776 (though in 1807 this was reverted so that only white men could vote). The first province to ''continuously'' allow women to vote was Pitcairn Islands in 1838, and the first sovereign nation was Norway in 1913, as the Kingdom of Haw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louise Saumoneau
Louise Saumoneau (17 December 1875 – 23 February 1950) was a French feminist who later renounced feminism as being irrelevant to the class struggle. She became a union leader and a prominent socialist. During World War I she was active in the internationalist pacifist movement. In a change of stance, after the war she remained with the right of the socialist party after the majority split off to form the French Communist Party. Early years Louise Aimée Saumoneau was born on 17 December 1875 near Poitiers. Her father was a cabinet maker who worked for a large workshop. Her elder sister married a cabinet maker and moved to Paris. In late 1896 Saumoneau, her younger sister and her parents joined her older sister in Paris. She worked as a seamstress doing piecework to help bring some income to the family, which now included her older sister's four children. Pre-war activism Around 1898 Saumoneau took a half day off work to attend a feminist meeting, and was annoyed when much time ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mary Ritter Beard
Mary Ritter Beard (August 5, 1876 – August 14, 1958) was an American historian, author, women's suffrage activist, and women's history archivist who was also a lifelong advocate of social justice. As a Progressive Era reformer, Beard was active in both the labor and women's rights movements. She also authored several books on women's role in history including ''On Understanding Women'' (1931), ''America Through Women's Eyes'' (editor, 1933), and ''Woman as Force in History: A Study in Traditions and Realities'' (1946), her major work. In addition, she collaborated with her husband, historian Charles Austin Beard, as coauthor of seven textbooks, most notably ''The Rise of American Civilization'' (1927), two volumes, and ''America in Midpassage: A Study of the Idea of Civilization'' (1939) and ''The American Spirit'' (1942), the third and fourth volume of ''The Rise of American Civilization'' series. A standalone book, ''Basic History of the United States'', was their best-se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aileen S
Aileen is a feminine given name. Its common used in Ireland. It comes from the Turkish name Aylin, which means "Halo of the moon". Notable people with the name include: *Aileen Adams (born 1923), British consultant anaesthetist * Aileen Allen (1888–1950), American diver *Aileen Armitage (born 1930), British writer and author * Aileen Baviera (1959–2020), Filipino political scientist and sinologist *Aileen Bernal (born 1994), Panamanian model and beauty pageant contestant winner *Aileen Britton (1916–1986), Australian actress *Aileen Bryan (1925–2005), American sailor * Aileen Campbell (born 1980), Scottish politician *Aileen Cannon (born 1981), American lawyer and federal judge * Aileen Carroll (1944–2020), Canadian politician *Aileen Christianson (1944–2020), English lecturer *Aileen Convery (born 1969), Irish swimmer *Aileen H. Cowan (born 1926), Canadian painter and sculptor * Aileen Crowley (born 1994), Irish rower *Aileen Cust (1868–1937), Anglo-Irish veterinary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labor Feminist
Labor feminism was a women’s movement in the United States that emerged in the 1920s, focused on gaining rights in the workplace and unions. Labor feminists advocated for protectionist legislation and special benefits for women, a variant of social feminism. They helped pass state laws regulating working conditions for women, expanded women's participation in unions, and organized to oppose the Equal Rights Amendment. The term was coined by historian Dorothy Sue Cobble in her book, ''The Other Women’s Movement'' (2005). 1920s to 1970s After gaining the right to vote, the National Woman's Party proposed the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). The ERA was bitterly opposed by the social feminists who saw it as undermining many of the gains they had made in the treatment of women workers. The charge was led by labor feminists, who were the successors to Progressive Era social feminists. Labor feminists did not want to end all distinctions based on sex, only those that hurt women. Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equal Rights Amendment
The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) is a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal legal rights for all American citizens regardless of sex. Proponents assert it would end legal distinctions between men and women in matters of divorce, property, employment, and other matters. The first version of an ERA was written by Alice Paul and Crystal Eastman and introduced in Congress in December 1923. In the early history of the Equal Rights Amendment, middle-class women were largely supportive, while those speaking for the working class were often opposed, pointing out that employed women needed special protections regarding working conditions and employment hours. With the rise of the Second-wave feminism in the United States, women's movement in the United States during the 1960s, the ERA garnered increasing support, and, after being reintroduced by Representative Martha Griffiths in 1971, it was approved by the United States House of Representa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Woman's Party
The National Woman's Party (NWP) was an American women's political organization formed in 1916 to fight for women's suffrage. After achieving this goal with the 1920 adoption of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, the NWP advocated for other issues including the Equal Rights Amendment. The most prominent leader of the National Woman's Party was Alice Paul, and its most notable event was the 1917–1919 Silent Sentinels vigil outside the gates of the White House. As of January 1, 2021, NWP has ceased operations as its own independent non-profit and has assigned its trademark rights and other uses of the party's name to the Alice Paul Institute. The Alice Paul Institute has invited three members of NWP Board of Directors to join their board and in the near future will created a new committee to "advise on a potential expansion of programs to the Washington, DC area and nationally". Overview The National Woman's Party was an outgrowth of the Congressiona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helen H
Helen may refer to: People * Helen of Troy, in Greek mythology, the most beautiful woman in the world * Helen (actress) (born 1938), Indian actress * Helen (given name), a given name (including a list of people with the name) Places * Helen, Georgia, United States, a small city * Helen, Maryland, United States, an unincorporated place * Helen, Washington, an unincorporated community in Washington state, US * Helen, West Virginia, a census-designated place in Raleigh County * Helen Falls, a waterfall in Ontario, Canada * Lake Helen (other), several places called Helen Lake or Lake Helen * Helen, an ancient name of Makronisos island, Greece * The Hellenic Republic, Greece Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Helen'' (album), a 1981 Grammy-nominated album by Helen Humes * ''Helen'' (2008 film), a British drama starring Annie Townsend * ''Helen'' (2009 film), an American drama film starring Ashley Judd * ''Helen'' (2017 film), an Iranian drama film * ''Helen'' (2019 fil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maud Wood Park
Maud Wood Park (January 25, 1871 – May 8, 1955) was an American suffragist and women's rights activist. Career overview She was born in Boston, Massachusetts. In 1887 she graduated from St. Agnes School in Albany, New York, after which she taught for eight years before attending Radcliffe College. While there she married Charles Edward Park. She graduated from Radcliffe, where she was one of only two students who supported suffrage for women, in 1898. In 1900 she attended the National American Women Suffrage Association convention, where she discovered that, at the age of 29, she was the youngest delegate present. Park determined to attract a younger group of women to the organization and, in concert with Inez Haynes Gillmore, formed the College Equal Suffrage League.Library of Congress. American Memory: Votes for Women''One Hundred Years toward Suffrage: An Overview'' compiled by E. Susan Barber with additions by Barbara Orbach Natanson. Retrieved on May 28, 2009. She toured c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National American Woman Suffrage Association
The National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) was an organization formed on February 18, 1890, to advocate in favor of women's suffrage in the United States. It was created by the merger of two existing organizations, the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) and the American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA). Its membership, which was about seven thousand at the time it was formed, eventually increased to two million, making it the largest voluntary organization in the nation. It played a pivotal role in the passing of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which in 1920 guaranteed women's right to vote. Susan B. Anthony, a long-time leader in the suffrage movement, was the dominant figure in the newly formed NAWSA. Carrie Chapman Catt, who became president after Anthony retired in 1900, implemented a strategy of recruiting wealthy members of the rapidly growing women's club movement, whose time, money and experience could help build ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jane Addams
Laura Jane Addams (September 6, 1860 May 21, 1935) was an American settlement activist, reformer, social worker, sociologist, public administrator, and author. She was an important leader in the history of social work and women's suffrage in the United States. Addams co-founded Chicago's Hull House, one of America's most famous settlement houses, providing extensive social services to poor, largely immigrant families. In 1910, Addams was awarded an honorary master of arts degree from Yale University, becoming the first woman to receive an honorary degree from the school. In 1920, she was a co-founder of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). An advocate for world peace and recognized as the founder of the social work profession in the United States, in 1931 Addams became the first American woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. She was a radical pragmatist and arguably the first woman "public philosopher" in the United States. In the Progressive Era, when presidents ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Florence Kelley
Florence Moltrop Kelley (September 12, 1859 – February 17, 1932) was a social and political reformer and the pioneer of the term wage abolitionism. Her work against sweatshops and for the minimum wage, eight-hour day, eight-hour workdays, and children's rights is widely regarded today. From its founding in 1899, Kelley served as the first general secretary of the National Consumers League. In 1909, Kelley helped to create the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Early life On September 12, 1859, Kelley was born to William D. Kelley (1814–1890) and Caroline Bartram Bonsall in Philadelphia. Her father was a self-made man who became an abolitionist, a founder of the Republican Party, a judge, and a longtime member of the US House of Representatives. Kelley was influenced mainly by her father and said, "I owe him everything that I have ever been able to learn to do." Throughout her early years, he read books to her that involved child labor. Even ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
