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Smoke Deflector
Smoke deflectors, sometimes called "blinkers" in the UK because of their strong resemblance to the blinkers used on horses, and "elephant ears" in US railway slang, are vertical plates attached to each side of the smokebox at the front of a steam locomotive. They are designed to lift smoke away from the locomotive at speed so that the driver has better visibility. On the South Australian Railways they are called "valances". Overview Smoke deflectors became increasingly common on later steam locomotives because the velocity of the smoke exiting the chimney had been reduced as a result of efficiency gains obtained by improved smokebox design, such as the Kylchap exhaust and Giesl ejector, and as boilers became larger the size of the chimneys had to be reduced to maintain loading gauge. Styles Various styles of smoke deflectors have been used by different railway operators. However, many are essentially a variation of one of two designs of ''Windleitbleche'' (wind deflecting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kylchap
The Kylchap steam locomotive exhaust system was designed and patented by French steam engineer André Chapelon, using a second-stage nozzle designed by the Finnish engineer Kyösti Kylälä, known as the ''Kylälä spreader'', with the composite name KylChap being given the design. Construction The Kylchap exhaust consists of four stacked nozzles, the first exhaust nozzle (UK: blastpipe) blowing exhaust steam only and known as the primary nozzle, with a Chapelon design using four triangular jets. That exhausts into the second stage, the Kylälä spreader, which mixes the exhaust steam with some of the smokebox gases. That exhausts into a third stage, designed by Chapelon, which mixes the resulting steam/smokebox gases mixture with yet more smokebox gases. The four nozzles of the third stage exhaust into the fourth stage, the classic bell-mouth chimney (U.S.: stack). Theory It was Chapelon's theory that such a multi-stage mixing and suction arrangement would be more effi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SR 850 Lord Nelson
SR or sr may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Science Reporter'', a magazine * '' "Sr."'', a 2022 film featuring Roberts Downey Jr. and Sr. Businesses and organizations Politics * Socialist Revolutionary Party, Russia, 1902–1941 * A Just Russia (''Spravedlivaya Rossiya''), a political party formed in 2006 Transport * Southern Railway (UK) * Southern Railway (U.S.) * Swissair (IATA airline code SR) * Southern Railway zone, India * SR Corporation, a South Korean rail operator Other businesses and organizations * Sørvágs Róðrarfelag, a Faroese rowing association * Saarländischer Rundfunk, a German broadcaster * Sveriges Radio, a Swedish broadcaster Honorifics * Senior (Sr.), a generational title suffix to a man's name * Religious sister (Sr.), in Catholicism Places * Slovak Republic (), the official name of Slovakia * Suriname (ISO 3166-1 country code SR) * West Sulawesi (ISO 3166-2:ID province code SR), a province of Indonesia Science and technology Biology and med ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Railway (UK)
The Southern Railway (SR), sometimes shortened to 'Southern', was a British railway company established in the Railways Act 1921, 1923 Grouping. It linked London with the English Channel, Channel ports, South West England, Seaside resort#British seaside resorts, South coast resorts and Kent. The railway was formed by the amalgamation of several smaller railway companies, the largest of which were the London and South Western Railway (LSWR), the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LB&SCR) and the South Eastern and Chatham Railway (SE&CR).Bonavia (1987) pp. 26–28 The construction of what was to become the Southern Railway began in 1838 with the opening of the London and Southampton Railway, which was renamed the London & South Western Railway. The railway was noted for its astute use of public relations and a coherent management structure headed by Herbert Ashcombe Walker, Sir Herbert Walker. At , the Southern Railway was the smallest of the Big Four (British railway comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LNER Class A3 4472 Flying Scotsman
No. 4472 ''Flying Scotsman'' is a LNER Gresley Classes A1 and A3, LNER Class A3 4-6-2, 4-6-2 "Pacific" steam locomotive built in 1923 for the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) at Doncaster Works to a design of Nigel Gresley. It was employed on long-distance express passenger trains on the East Coast Main Line by LNER and its successors, British Railways' Eastern Region of British Railways, Eastern and North Eastern Region of British Railways, North Eastern Regions, notably on ''Flying Scotsman (train), The Flying Scotsman'' service between London King's Cross railway station, London King's Cross and Edinburgh Waverley railway station, Edinburgh Waverley after which it was named. Retired from British Railways in 1963 after covering 2.08 million miles, ''Flying Scotsman'' has been described as the world's most famous steam locomotive. It had earned considerable fame in preservation under the ownership of, successively, Alan Pegler, Sir William McAlpine, 6th Baronet, Willia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Paul Wagner
Richard Felix Paul Wagner (25 August 1882 – 14 February 1953) was the Chief of Design in the design office of the Deutsche Reichsbahn in Germany from its inception in 1922 to 1942. He held the rank of ''Reichsbahnoberrat''. Richard Wagner was born in Berlin on 25 August 1882 and studied at the Charlottenburg Technical High School there from 1901 to 1906. Career In 1920 he took over as head of the Berlin-Grunewald Locomotive Testing Office. In 1922 he was on the Enger Committee for the Standardisation of Locomotives and was employed by the Reichsbahn Central Office. In 1923 he took over the locomotive section within the Central Office. Standard locomotives With the development of standard steam locomotives (the so-called ''Einheitsdampflokomotiven'') for the Deutsche Reichsbahn he was able to carry through his proposals for rationalising the construction and operation of steam locomotives. These were: to have the fewest possible locomotive classes, to avoid sub-classes and speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft
The ''Deutsche Reichsbahn'' (), also known as the German National Railway, the German State Railway, German Reich Railway, and the German Imperial Railway, was the German national railway system created after the end of World War I from the regional railways of the individual states of the German Empire. The ''Deutsche Reichsbahn'' has been described as "the largest enterprise in the capitalist world in the years between 1920 and 1932"; nevertheless, its importance "arises primarily from the fact that the Reichsbahn was at the center of events in a period of great turmoil in German history". Overview The company was founded on 1 April 1920 as the ("German Imperial Railways") when the Weimar Republic, which still used the nation-state term of the previous monarchy, (German Reich, hence the usage of the in the name of the railway; the monarchical term was ), took national control of the German railways, which had previously been run by the German states ('' Länderbahnen''). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loading Gauge
A loading gauge is a diagram or physical structure that defines the maximum height and width dimensions in railway vehicles and their loads. Their purpose is to ensure that rail vehicles can pass safely through tunnels and under bridges, and keep clear of platforms, trackside buildings and structures. Classification systems vary between different countries, and loading gauges may vary across a network, even if the track gauge is uniform. The term loading gauge can also be applied to the maximum size of road vehicles in relation to tunnels, overpasses and bridges, and doors into automobile repair shops, bus garages, filling stations, residential garages, multi-storey car parks and warehouses. A related but separate gauge is the structure gauge, which sets limits to the extent that bridges, tunnels and other infrastructure can encroach on rail vehicles. The difference between these two gauges is called the clearance. The specified amount of clearance makes allowance for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giesl Ejector
A Giesl ejector is a suction draught system for steam locomotives that works on the same principle as a Injector, feedwater injector. This ejector (German: , or ) was invented in 1951 by the Austria, Austrian engineer, Dr. Adolph Giesl-Gieslingen. The Giesl ejector ensures improved suction draught and a correspondingly better use of energy. The existing blastpipe in a locomotive is replaced by several, small, fan-shaped, diverging blast pipes, from which the diffuser gets its flat, long, drawn-out shape. Fuel savings Giesl claimed that his ejector enabled a saving in coal of 6–12% – although in practice the maximum saving was closer to 8% – and an increase in power of up to 20%. Many railway administrations converted their steam engines to use Giesl ejectors, including the Österreichische Bundesbahnen, ÖBB, ČSD and Deutsche Reichsbahn (GDR), Deutsche Reichsbahn (DR) in East Germany, as well as railway companies in Africa, China and in Japanese National Railways, Japan ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chimney (locomotive)
The chimney (smokestack or stack in American and Canadian English) is the part of a steam locomotive through which smoke leaves the boiler. As well, steam locomotive exhaust systems typically vent cylinder steam exhaust through the chimney, to enhance the draught through the boiler. Chimneys are designed to carry the exhaust steam and smoke clear of the driver's line of sight while remaining short enough to clear overhead structures. Some chimneys included apparatus to suppress the dispersal of sparks. Function The chimney was usually located at the leading end of the locomotive, above the smokebox, furthest away from the driver's cab and firebox. The earliest locomotive chimneys were typically tall enough to sustain temperature-induced density difference draught through a fire-tube boiler while the locomotive was stationary. However, following the example of Richard Trevithick's first locomotive in 1804, most designs diverted steam cylinder exhaust upward through the chimney ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
01118 Koenigstein
Year 1118 ( MCXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * August 15 – Emperor Alexios I Komnenos dies after a 37-year reign, in which he has regained control over western Anatolia (modern Turkey). He stabilizes his frontiers against the wars with the Normans in the western Balkans, and the Seljuk Turks in the East. Alexios is succeeded by his 30-year-old son, John II Komnenos (the Good), as ruler of the Byzantine Empire. Europe * Peace between England and Flanders is agreed upon. British Isles * Enna mac Donnchada mac Murchada becomes King of Dublin in Ireland. * Cu Faifne mac Congalaig becomes King of Uí Failghe in Ireland. * Maelsechlainn Ua Faelain becomes King of the Déisi Muman in Ireland. * The cantrefs of Rhos and Rhufoniog are annexed by Gruffudd ap Cynan, King of Gwynedd in Wales. * The Archbishop of York is no longer required to be crowned by the Archbishop of Canterbury. * Reconstructi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Australian Railways 500 Class (steam)
The South Australian Railways 500 class was a class of 4-8-2 steam locomotives operated by the South Australian Railways. The locomotives were rebuilt in 1928, when booster engines were installed, becoming the 500B class with a wheel arrangement of 4-8-4 and a tractive effort of . The 500B class were the second-most-powerful non-articulated steam locomotives to operate in Australia, behind the NSWGR D57 4-8-2. History The 500 class were part of larger order for 30 steam locomotives placed with Armstrong Whitworth, England, in 1924, as part of the rehabilitation of the state's rail system being overseen by Railways Commissioner William Webb. They replaced the Rx and S class locomotives, many dating back to 1894, that were still performing mainline duties, meaning that double and even triple heading was common. All ten 500-class locomotives arrived in Adelaide in 1926, and entered service on the Adelaide to Wolseley line as far as Tailem Bend. All were named after notable So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
