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Smith College Relief Unit
The Smith College Relief Unit (SCRU) was a group of Smith College alumnae who aided in humanitarian relief work in France during and after the First World War. Funded by the Smith College Alumnae Association, the SCRU worked throughout the war serving under both the American Fund for French Wounded (AFFW) and later under the American Red Cross. The Unit was founded in 1917 by Harriet Boyd Hawes (1871-1945) who acted as the Unit's first director. Founding In 1916, on a return trip from Greece, Harriet Boyd Hawes, Smith College Class of 1892, witnessed the destitute state in which France found itself. The German war machine had desolated the French countryside in its wake leaving France in dire need of humanitarian aid. Once she returned to the United States, she already had a plan to bring together a group of Smith alumnae to travel to northern France and aid the American Fund for French Wounded (AFFW) in their reconstruction project.Harriet Boyd Hawes Papers Biographical Note, 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smith College
Smith College is a Private university, private Liberal arts colleges in the United States, liberal arts Women's colleges in the United States, women's college in Northampton, Massachusetts. It was chartered in 1871 by Sophia Smith (Smith College), Sophia Smith and opened in 1875. It is the largest member of the historic Seven Sisters (colleges), Seven Sisters colleges, a group of elite women's colleges in the Northeastern United States. Smith is also a member of the Five College Consortium, along with four other nearby institutions in the Pioneer Valley: Mount Holyoke College, Amherst College, Hampshire College, and the University of Massachusetts Amherst; students of each college are allowed to attend classes at any other member institution. On campus are Smith's Smith College Museum of Art, Museum of Art and The Botanic Garden of Smith College, Botanic Garden, the latter designed by Frederick Law Olmsted. Smith has 41 academic departments and programs and is structured around a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Committee For Devastated France
American Committee for Devastated France (1919-1924) also known as C.A.R.D. ''(Comité Américain pour les Régions Dévastées de France)'', from the French translation of the name of the organization, was a small group of American women who volunteered to help the French Third Republic recover from the destruction of The Great WarAmerican Committee for Devastated France Records; 1919-1926, Public Policy Papers, Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, Princeton University Library. (later known as World War I.) The volunteer civilian relief organization was founded by philanthropist Anne Morgan (1873–1952) and her friend Anne Murray Dike (1879–1929). Morgan's commanding personality and social status helped her rally potential volunteers and raise funds while traveling across the United States. Dike, a physician, organized field work in France. Headquarters were set up in the 17th-century Château de Blérancourt, less than from the war's front. The group's eff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helen Rand Thayer
Helen Rand Thayer (, Rand; October 3, 1863 – April 14, 1935) was an American suffragist and social reformer. A pioneer in the settlement movement era, she was a co-founder and president of the College Settlements Association (CSA). She was also an alumnæ trustee of Smith College. Biography Helen Chadwick Rand was born in Morrisania, Bronx, New York, October 3, 1863. She was the daughter of Albert Tyler and Sophia Anna (Chadwick) Rand. She was educated in private schools in Brooklyn, New York; Adelphi Academy, Brooklyn; Burnham School, Northampton, Massachusetts. She graduated from Smith College with an A.B. degree, 1884. She did graduate studies in history at Newnham College, Cambridge, 1886-7. She married Rev. Lucius Harrison Thayer, D.D., of Westfield, Massachusetts, June 29, 1892. They had three children: Dorothy Goldthwait (b. 1893), Lucius Ellsworth (b. 1896), and Sherman Rand (b. 1904). At the same time that Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr were starting Hull House in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alice Weld Tallant
Alice Weld Tallant (July 14, 1875 – May 31, 1958) was an American physician and medical school professor. When her employment as a professor of obstetrics was terminated at the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania, it sparked the "Tallant Affair", in which students staged a strike and several colleagues resigned their positions in protest. Early life and education Alice "Elsie" Weld Tallant was born in Boston, the daughter of Henry Pinkham Tallant and Mary Gardner Tallant. She graduated from Smith College in 1897, and earned her medical degree at Johns Hopkins University in 1902, with further training at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard Medical School, in New York and in Berlin. Career Tallant was an intern at the New England Hospital for Women and Children from 1902 to 1905. She lectured on hygiene at Bates College from 1904 to 1905. During World War I, she went to France as one of the directors of the Smith College Relief Unit, and later worked w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgia Willis Read
Georgia Willis Read (February 3, 1881 – November 3, 1965) was an American editor, historian, writer, and weaver. She worked as an editor at Columbia University Press, and wrote and edited works on the American West. Early life and education Read was born in New Brighton, Pennsylvania, the daughter of George Willis Read (who died in 1880, before she was born) and Henrietta A. Miner Read. Her father was a physician. She attended Smith College, following her older sister Elizabeth Fisher Read. Career Read served in the Smith College Relief Unit in France during World War I. She worked at Columbia University Press, and wrote and edited books with her partner and fellow Smith alumna, Ruth Louise Gaines. In addition to their shared projects, she published Gaines's book, ''City Royal: A Memory of Kyoto'' (1953), after Gaines's death in 1952. Read and Gaines became weavers in their later years. They grew flax Flax, also known as common flax or linseed, is a flowering plant, '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elizabeth Cutter Morrow
Elizabeth (Betty) Reeve Cutter Morrow (May 29, 1873 – January 24, 1955) was an American poet, champion of women's education, and influence on Mexican culture. She wrote several children's books and collections of poetry. She and her husband, ambassador Dwight Morrow, collected wide variety of art while in Mexico and helped popularize Mexican folk art. Early life Elizabeth Reeve Cutter, called Betty, was born in Cleveland, Ohio, to Charles Cutter and Annie Spencer Cutter. Besides her twin Mary, Betty had three younger sisters. The Cutters lived in Cleveland with their extended family before moving in 1888 to a home Charles built nearby. Annie Cutter raised her children to be pious and respect etiquette, and the Bible was a regular study tool in the Cutter's home. Betty learned to love reading and writing from the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament. Both Mary and Betty were sickly children, and, in 1879, both sisters became ill enough the family decided to move from thei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Maria Gove
Anna Maria Gove (July 6, 1867 – January 28, 1948) was an American physician. Gove was born on July 6, 1867, in Whitefield, New Hampshire, to George Sullivan and Maria Clark Gove. After her education at MIT and Woman's Medical College of New York Infirmary, from which she graduated in 1892, Gove served for a year in the New York Infant Asylum. In 1893 she came to the State Normal and Industrial School (now UNCG). Gove was only the third woman to receive a medical license in the state of North Carolina. She remained at the school as resident physician, professor of hygiene, and director of the Department of Health until her retirement in 1937. The original campus infirmary that was built in 1911 was named in Gove's honor. The infirmary built in 1953 to replace the original infirmary was also named the Gove Infirmary. In September 1970, the building was officially named the Anna M. Gove Student Health Center, the name it retains today. Fond of travel, Gove visited many parts of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruth Gaines-Shelton
Ruth Ada Gaines-Shelton (April 8, 1872 – 1938) was an American playwright and educator. She is a playwright of the Harlem Renaissance era and is best known for her allegorical comedy,''The Church Fight'', written in 1925. Biography Gaines-Shelton was born on April 8, 1872 in Glasgow, Missouri. Her father was Reverend George W. Gaines, a minister in the African Methodist Episcopal Church and her mother was Mary Elizabeth Gaines. Gaines-Shelton was raised by her father following her mother’s early death when Gaines-Shelton was only a little girl. Throughout her life, Gaines-Shelton assisted her father with church work as he directed the building of the Old Bethel AME Church on Dearborn Street in Chicago. Gaines-Shelton attended Wilberforce University in Ohio and graduated in 1895. She taught in public schools in Montgomery, Missouri from 1894 to 1899. In 1898, Gaines-Shelton married William Osbern Shelton and together they had three children. Gaines-Shelton is most well known f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harriet Bliss Ford
Harriet Chalmers Bliss Ford (November 28, 1876 – February 20, 1964) was an American editor, writer, and clubwoman. From 1899 to 1912, she was an editor at ''The Century'' ''Magazine''. Later, she held national leadership roles in the YWCA, and worked in Paris during World War I. She was elected vice-president of Smith College in 1931. Early life and education Bliss was born in New York City and raised in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, the daughter of Charles Bliss and Harriet Maria Kopper Bliss. Her father was a physician and Union Army veteran of the American Civil War, and her mother was born in Scotland. Both of her parents died in the 1880s. She graduated from Smith College in 1899. Career From 1899 to 1912, Bliss was an editorial assistant and then editor at ''The Century'' ''Magazine''. Later, she held national leadership roles in the YWCA. She was based in Paris during World War I, at the Paris headquarters of the American Red Cross, and as chair of the city's committee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorothy Sears Ainsworth
Dorothy Sears Ainsworth (March 8, 1894 – December 2, 1976) was an American physical educator. She was director of physical education at Smith College from 1926 to 1960. For her international work, she was referred to as "Physical Education's First Lady of the World." Early life and education Ainsworth was born in Moline, Illinois, the daughter of Harry Ainsworth and Stella Davidson Ainsworth. She graduated from Smith College in 1916. She earned a master's degree in 1925, and completed doctoral studies at Teachers College, Columbia University in 1930. She also studied dance with Margaret H'Doubler at the University of Wisconsin in the summer of 1922, with further dance training in Denmark, Germany, and Austria. Career Ainsworth taught high school in Moline immediately after college. She went to France with the Smith College Relief Unit during World War I, and served in Grécourt. She also taught one year at Skidmore College. She was director of physical education at Smith ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First World War
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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