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Slow DoS Attack
The term Slow DoS Attack (abbreviated to SDA) was introduced in 2013, to clearly define a specific category of denial of service attacks which make use of low-bandwidth rate to accomplish their purpose. Similar terms can be found in literature, such as: * application layer DoS, focusing on attacks targeting the application layer only, while a Slow DoS Attack may exploit lower-layers of the ISO/OSI stack * low-rate DoS, focusing on the characteristics of using a limited amount of attack bandwidth, hence, for instance, including also exploit-based threats Particularly, in order to reduce bandwidth, a Slow DoS Attack often acts at the application layer of the ISO/OSI stack (e.g. in case of ''timeout exploiting'' threatsCambiaso, Enrico; Papaleo, Gianluca; Chiola, Giovanni; Aiello, Maurizio (2015). "Designing and modeling the slow next DoS attack". ''Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems Conference (CISIS 2015)''. 249-259. Springer.), although this is not a req ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Denial-of-service Attack
In computing, a denial-of-service attack (DoS attack) is a cyber-attack in which the perpetrator seeks to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users by temporarily or indefinitely disrupting services of a host connected to a network. Denial of service is typically accomplished by flooding the targeted machine or resource with superfluous requests in an attempt to overload systems and prevent some or all legitimate requests from being fulfilled. In a distributed denial-of-service attack (DDoS attack), the incoming traffic flooding the victim originates from many different sources. More sophisticated strategies are required to mitigate this type of attack, as simply attempting to block a single source is insufficient because there are multiple sources. A DoS or DDoS attack is analogous to a group of people crowding the entry door of a shop, making it hard for legitimate customers to enter, thus disrupting trade. Criminal perpetrators of DoS attacks oft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OSI Model
The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model) is a conceptual model that 'provides a common basis for the coordination of SOstandards development for the purpose of systems interconnection'. In the OSI reference model, the communications between a computing system are split into seven different abstraction layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application. The model partitions the flow of data in a communication system into seven abstraction layers to describe networked communication from the physical implementation of transmitting bits across a communications medium to the highest-level representation of data of a distributed application. Each intermediate layer serves a class of functionality to the layer above it and is served by the layer below it. Classes of functionality are realized in all software development through all and any standardized communication protocols. Each layer in the OSI model has its own well-defined functi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slowloris (computer Security)
Slowloris is a type of denial of service attack tool which allows a single machine to take down another machine's web server with minimal bandwidth and side effects on unrelated services and ports. Slowloris tries to keep many connections to the target web server open and hold them open as long as possible. It accomplishes this by opening connections to the target web server and sending a partial request. Periodically, it will send subsequent HTTP headers, adding to, but never completing, the request. Affected servers will keep these connections open, filling their maximum concurrent connection pool, eventually denying additional connection attempts from clients. The program was named after slow lorises, a group of primates which are known for their slow movement. Affected web servers This includes but is not necessarily limited to the following, per the attack's author: * Apache 1.x and 2.x * dhttpd * Websense "block pages" (unconfirmed) * Trapeze Wireless Web Portal (unconfi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slowdroid
SlowDroid is the firstAlturki, A. A. U. M. A., Vivek, T. B. K. M. K., & Talcott, N. A. S. C. (2019). Resource-Bounded Intruders in Denial of Service Attacks. denial of service attack which allows a single mobile device to take down a network server requiring minimal bandwidth. The attack has been created for research purposes by Enrico Cambiaso and Maurizio Aiello for the IEIIT Institute of the National Research Council of Italy and released as an Android application. SlowDroid behavior is similar to other Slow DoS Attacks such as Slowloris, since it creates many connections with the victim in order to saturate the resources of the listening daemon application. One difference is on sent payload, which in case of SlowDroid is not compliant to a specific protocol: instead of sending a forged HTTP request, an endless sequence of spaces is sent instead. This characteristic makes SlowDroid able to target different protocols with the same payload. Another difference is on sending: du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trinoo
The trinoo or trin00 is a set of computer programs to conduct a DDoS attack. It is believed that trinoo networks have been set up on thousands of systems on the Internet that have been compromised by remote buffer overrun exploits. The first suspected trinoo attacks are described in CERT Incident Note 99–04. A trinoo network has been connected to the February 2000 distributed denial of service attack on the Yahoo! Yahoo! (, styled yahoo''!'' in its logo) is an American web services provider. It is headquartered in Sunnyvale, California and operated by the namesake company Yahoo Inc., which is 90% owned by investment funds managed by Apollo Global Manage ... website. Trinoo is famous for allowing attackers to leave a message in a folder called cry_baby. The file is self replicating and is modified on a regular basis as long as port 80 is active. Trinoo was authored by a teenager from New Orleans who went by the alias phifli. Using Trinoo Step 1 The attacker, using a c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stacheldraht
Stacheldraht (German language, German for "barbed wire") is malware which performs a distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack. It was written by "Thomas Stacheldraht", a member of the Austrian hacker group TESO_(Austrian_hacker_group), TESO. It was first released in 1999. Stacheldraht uses a number of different denial-of-service (DoS) attack methods, including Ping flood, User Datagram Protocol, UDP UDP flood, flood, Transmission Control Protocol, TCP SYN flood, and Smurf attack. Further, it can detect and automatically enable IP address spoofing, source address forgery. Adding encryption, it combines features of Trinoo and of Tribe Flood Network. The software runs on both Linux and Solaris (operating system), Solaris. Stacheldraht was later superseded by Blitzkrieg, which was maintained by "random" and a loose group of associates. See also * Low Orbit Ion Cannon (LOIC) – a stress test tool that has been used for DDoS attacks * High Orbit Ion Cannon (HOIC) – the replacemen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Denial Of Service
In computing, a denial-of-service attack (DoS attack) is a cyber-attack in which the perpetrator seeks to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users by temporarily or indefinitely disrupting services of a host connected to a network. Denial of service is typically accomplished by flooding the targeted machine or resource with superfluous requests in an attempt to overload systems and prevent some or all legitimate requests from being fulfilled. In a distributed denial-of-service attack (DDoS attack), the incoming traffic flooding the victim originates from many different sources. More sophisticated strategies are required to mitigate this type of attack, as simply attempting to block a single source is insufficient because there are multiple sources. A DoS or DDoS attack is analogous to a group of people crowding the entry door of a shop, making it hard for legitimate customers to enter, thus disrupting trade. Criminal perpetrators of DoS attacks oft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LAND
Land, also known as dry land, ground, or earth, is the solid terrestrial surface of the planet Earth that is not submerged by the ocean or other bodies of water. It makes up 29% of Earth's surface and includes the continents and various islands. Earth's land surface is almost entirely covered by regolith, a layer of rock, soil, and minerals that forms the outer part of the crust. Land plays important roles in Earth's climate system and is involved in the carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, and water cycle. One-third of land is covered in trees, 15% is used for crops, and 10% is covered in permanent snow and glaciers. Land terrain varies greatly and consists of mountains, deserts, plains, plateaus, glaciers, and other landforms. In physical geology, the land is divided into two major categories: mountain ranges and relatively flat interiors called cratons. Both are formed over millions of years through plate tectonics. A major part of Earth's water cycle, streams shape the lands ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Low Orbit Ion Cannon
Low Orbit Ion Cannon (LOIC) is an open-source network stress testing and denial-of-service attack application written in C#. LOIC was initially developed by Praetox Technologies, however it was later released into the public domain and is currently available on several open-source platforms. Use LOIC performs a DoS attack (or, when used by multiple individuals, a DDoS attack) on a target site by flooding the server with TCP, UDP, or HTTP packets with the intention of disrupting the service of a particular host. People have used LOIC to join voluntary botnets. The software inspired the creation of an independent JavaScript version called ''JS LOIC'', as well as LOIC-derived web version called ''Low Orbit Web Cannon''. These enable a DoS from a web browser. Countermeasures Security experts quoted by the BBC indicated that well-written firewall rules can filter out most traffic from DDoS attacks by LOIC, thus preventing the attacks from being fully effective. In at leas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Orbit Ion Cannon
High Orbit Ion Cannon (HOIC) is an open-source network stress testing and denial-of-service attack application designed to attack as many as 256 URLs at the same time. It was designed to replace the Low Orbit Ion Cannon which was developed by Praetox Technologies and later released into the public domain. The security advisory for HOIC was released by Prolexic Technologies in February 2012. Development HOIC was developed during the conclusion of Operation Payback by the hacktivist collective Anonymous. As Operation Payback concluded there was massive pressure on the group from law enforcement agencies, which captured and prosecuted more than 13 individuals connected with the group. This forced many members of the group to rethink their strategies and subsequently this part of the group launched Operation Leakspin. However a large part of Anonymous remained focused on launching opt-in DDoS attacks. However the Low Orbit Ion Cannon was not powerful enough to launch attacks wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
