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Skra-di-Legen
The Battle of Skra-di-Legen (Skora di Legen) was a two-day battle which took place at the Skra fortified position, located northeast of Mount Paiko, which is north-west of Thessaloniki, on May 29–30, 1918, on the Macedonian front of World War I. The battle was the first large-scale employment on the front of Greek troops of the National Defense Army Corps (Greece, united after the National Schism, had joined the war in summer 1917), and resulted in the elimination of a whole enemy regiment and in the capture of the heavily fortified Bulgarian positions. The Allied force comprised three Greek divisions of the National Defense Army Corps under Lieutenant General Emmanouil Zymvrakakis, plus one French brigade. The three Greek divisions comprised *the Archipelago Division under Major General Dimitrios Ioannou, *the Crete Division under Major General Panagiotis Spiliadis, *the Serres Division under Lieutenant Colonel Epameinondas Zymvrakakis. The 5th and 6th Regiments from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macedonian Front
The Macedonian front, also known as the Salonica front (after Thessaloniki), was a military theatre of World War I formed as a result of an attempt by the Allied Powers to aid Serbia, in the autumn of 1915, against the combined attack of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria during World War I, Bulgaria. The expedition came too late and in insufficient force to prevent the fall of Serbia, and was complicated by the internal political crisis in Kingdom of Greece, Greece (the "National Schism"). Eventually, a stable front was established, running from the Albanian Adriatic Sea, Adriatic coast to the Struma River, pitting a Allied Army of the Orient, multinational Allied force against the Bulgarian Army, which was at various times bolstered with smaller units from the other Central Powers. The Macedonian front remained quite stable, despite local actions, Vardar offensive, until the great Allied offensive in September 1918, which resulted in the capitulation of Bulgaria and the libe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Defence Army Corps
The Army of National Defence ( el, Στρατός Εθνικής Αμύνης) was the military force of the Provisional Government of National Defence, a pro- Allied government led by Eleftherios Venizelos in Thessaloniki in 1916–17, against the royal government of Constantine I of Greece, King Constantine I in Athens, during the so-called National Schism. By the spring of 1917, it comprised three infantry divisions that formed the National Defence Army Corps (Σώμα Στρατού Εθνικής Αμύνης) and fought in the Macedonian front. Following the ousting of King Constantine and the reunification of Greece under the leadership of Venizelos in June 1917, the Corps continued as part of the reconstituted Hellenic Army until 1920, when it became the Army of Thrace. Background The question of Greece's participation in World War I had led to acute political divisions, with the pro- Allied Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos opposed by the pro-German Constantine I of Gree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army Of National Defence
The Army of National Defence ( el, Στρατός Εθνικής Αμύνης) was the military force of the Provisional Government of National Defence, a pro- Allied government led by Eleftherios Venizelos in Thessaloniki in 1916–17, against the royal government of King Constantine I in Athens, during the so-called National Schism. By the spring of 1917, it comprised three infantry divisions that formed the National Defence Army Corps (Σώμα Στρατού Εθνικής Αμύνης) and fought in the Macedonian front. Following the ousting of King Constantine and the reunification of Greece under the leadership of Venizelos in June 1917, the Corps continued as part of the reconstituted Hellenic Army until 1920, when it became the Army of Thrace. Background The question of Greece's participation in World War I had led to acute political divisions, with the pro- Allied Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos opposed by the pro-German King Constantine I, who favoured neutralit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dimitrios Ioannou
Dimitrios Ioannou ( el, Δημήτριος Ιωάννου, 1861–1926) was a senior officer of the Hellenic Army who fought in the Macedonian front during World War I and in the opening stages of the Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922. Biography Born on 23 October 1861 at Levadeia, Ioannou entered the Hellenic Military Academy and was commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant in the Engineers on 25 July 1884. In 1897, as a Captain, he participated in the Greek expeditionary force to Crete under Colonel Timoleon Vassos. By the time the First Balkan War broke out October 1912 he was a Lt. Colonel, and served as chief of staff of the Army of Epirus, under Lt. General Konstantinos Sapountzakis. Later, during the Battle of Bizani, he commanded a detachment of four Evzone battalions, and was distinguished for his drive and determination. He was named as the commanding officer of the newly raised 9th Infantry Division in 1913, and commanded it until 1916, when he joined the Venizelist Moveme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archipelago Division
The Archipelago Division ( el, Μεραρχία Ἀρχιπελάγους, Merarchia Archipelagous) was an infantry division of Greece in World War I and the early stages of the Asia Minor Campaign. Establishment The division began being raised in September 1916 by the Provisional Government of National Defence, as part of its efforts to create its own army for service alongside the Allies on the Macedonian front. Initial planning called for the establishment of four infantry divisions to be recruited in the areas controlled by the National Defence government (Crete, the Aegean islands, and Macedonia). As its name signifies, the Archipelago Division (Μεραρχία Ἀρχιπελάγους) was recruited in the Aegean islands, chiefly Chios, Lesbos, and Samos. Its core were men already serving in the islands, as well as the classes of 1915 and 1916; this proved insufficient to complete recruitment, and in March 1917 eight older classes were mobilized to fill the division' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skra, Kilkis
Skra ( gr, Σκρα), before 1926 Loumitsa ( ruq, Liumnița) is a village and community in the municipality of Paionia, Kilkis regional unit of Greece. In 2011 the population was 187 for the village, and 234 for the community, including the village Koupa. It is situated 10 km south of the border with the Republic of North Macedonia and its altitude is 548 m. The village is best known for the Battle of Skra-di-Legen of May 1918. The village has a monument and museum dedicated to the battle. Before the First World War, the village was much larger and inhabited mainly by Megleno-Romanians. According to the book "Macedonia — ethnography and statistics" by Vasil Kanchov, there were 2,600 Megleno-Romanian inhabitants in the village in 1900. Notable people * Dumitru Ciotti Dumitru Ciotti (1882 or 26 October 1885 – 1974) was a Megleno-Romanian activist, editor and schoolteacher. Ciotti was born in the Megleno-Romanian village of Skra ( ruq, Liumnița in Megleno-Rom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emmanouil Zymvrakakis (Army General)
Emmanouil Zymvrakakis ( el, Εμμανουήλ Ζυμβρακάκης, 1858–1928) was a Hellenic Army officer who rose to the rank of Lieutenant General, and was distinguished in World War I. Biography He was born to the expatriate Cretan Charalambos Zymvrakakis in Nafplio in 1858. His younger brother was Epameinondas Zymvrakakis, who also became a Lieutenant General in World War I. He graduated the Hellenic Military Academy as an Artillery Ensign. Named 2nd Lieutenant in 1881, he went on to continue his studies at Orléans in France. In 1897, he volunteered for and fought in the Cretan Revolt in the Greek expeditionary corps under Colonel Timoleon Vassos. He later became an active member of the Military League, and it was he who suggested, following the Goudi coup, to call upon the Cretan Eleftherios Venizelos to come to Greece. Subsequently he served as adjutant to King George I of Greece and King Constantine I of Greece during the Balkan Wars. He was then promoted to Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emmanouil Zymvrakakis (army General)
Emmanouil Zymvrakakis ( el, Εμμανουήλ Ζυμβρακάκης, 1858–1928) was a Hellenic Army officer who rose to the rank of Lieutenant General, and was distinguished in World War I. Biography He was born to the expatriate Cretan Charalambos Zymvrakakis in Nafplio in 1858. His younger brother was Epameinondas Zymvrakakis, who also became a Lieutenant General in World War I. He graduated the Hellenic Military Academy as an Artillery Ensign. Named 2nd Lieutenant in 1881, he went on to continue his studies at Orléans in France. In 1897, he volunteered for and fought in the Cretan Revolt in the Greek expeditionary corps under Colonel Timoleon Vassos. He later became an active member of the Military League, and it was he who suggested, following the Goudi coup, to call upon the Cretan Eleftherios Venizelos to come to Greece. Subsequently he served as adjutant to King George I of Greece and King Constantine I of Greece during the Balkan Wars. He was then promoted to Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auguste Gérôme
Auguste Clément Gérôme was a French general who notably served at the Macedonian front of World War I. Biography Gérôme was born on 2 March 1857 in Badonviller, at the time in Meurthe.Acte de naissance He was the son of Clément Gérôme, a non-commissioned officer in the , and Marguerite Guillemette. On 26 December 1881 he married Élisabeth Léonie Léonard, originally from Nancy. He enlisted on 14 March 1869 and served in the 60th Infantry Regiment. He attended the |
Serres Division
The Serres Division ( el, Μεραρχία Σερρῶν, Merarchia Serrōn) was an infantry division of Hellenic Army in World War I and the annexation of Western Thrace. Establishment The division began being raised in September 1916 by the Provisional Government of National Defence, as part of its efforts to raise its own army for service alongside the Allies on the Macedonian front. These efforts entailed the establishment of four infantry divisions to be recruited in the areas controlled by the government (Crete, the Aegean islands, and Macedonia). The Serres Division (Μεραρχία Σερρῶν), under Colonel Nikolaos Christodoulou, was the first division to be formed, as it could draw on the limited forces already available to the Provisional Government: the remnants of the disbanded IV Army Corps who had fled the Bulgarian advance and the Corps' capitulation to Thasos. These were officers and men from the 6th Infantry Division's 17th and 18th infantry regimen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
122nd Infantry Division (France)
122nd Infantry Division was an infantry division of the French Army during the First World War. It was deployed overseas, seeing action on the Salonika front, fighting alongside British troops. It was sent to the Crimea in December 1918 as part of the Army of the Danube. Creation and nomenclature * 9 December 1914 - 27 April 1915 : Division provisoire Tassin * 27 April - 15 June 1915 : Division provisoire Guérin * starting from 15 June 1915 : 122nd Infantry Division Commanders * 9 December 1914 - 27 April 1915 : Général Tassin * 27 April - 15 June 1915 : Général Guérin * 15 June - 20 December 1915 : Général de Lardemelle * 20 December 1915 - 23 May 1917 : Général Régnault * 23 May - 2 November 1917 : Général Gérôme * 2 November 1917 - 1 March 1918 : Général Castaing * 1 March 1918 : Général Topart Chronology 1914 * 9 December 1914 - 21 June 1915 : occupation of a sector towards la Neuvillette and north of Loivre . :: 16 February 1915 : attack on Luxe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lieutenant Colonel
Lieutenant colonel ( , ) is a rank of commissioned officers in the armies, most marine forces and some air forces of the world, above a major and below a colonel. Several police forces in the United States use the rank of lieutenant colonel. The rank of lieutenant colonel is often shortened to simply "colonel" in conversation and in unofficial correspondence. Sometimes, the term 'half-colonel' is used in casual conversation in the British Army. In the United States Air Force, the term 'light bird' or 'light bird colonel' (as opposed to a 'full bird colonel') is an acceptable casual reference to the rank but is never used directly towards the rank holder. A lieutenant colonel is typically in charge of a battalion or regiment in the army. The following articles deal with the rank of lieutenant colonel: * Lieutenant-colonel (Canada) * Lieutenant colonel (Eastern Europe) * Lieutenant colonel (Turkey) * Lieutenant colonel (Sri Lanka) * Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom) * L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
