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Skhvilo Castle
The Skhvilo fortress (), also known as Skhvilo castle, is a medieval fortress located in the region of Shida Kartli, in Kaspi District, Georgia. It was built in the 14th century, and served as the first residence of the duke (tavadi) family Amilakhori. Architecture Skhvilo castle stretches along a ridge, bordered by the ravine of Rekhula river from the west and Tiriponi valley from the east. The castle is elongated rectangular, with only a narrow entrance to the west. Relatively well preserved, it has an area of about 45 × 20 m, protrudes with high walls of three to four floors (about 14 m) from the ground, ending with merlons. Wooden battle trail, held on consoles, was stretching along behind. Arrowslits were on the same level. The thickness of the walls is three to four meters (two meters by other sourceЗакарая, П. (1983) Памятники Восточной Грузии. Искусство, Москва, 376 с. akaraya, P. Monuments of Eastern GeorgiaIn Russia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arrowslits
An arrowslit (often also referred to as an arrow loop, loophole or loop hole, and sometimes a balistraria) is a narrow vertical aperture in a fortification through which an archer can launch arrows or a crossbowman can launch bolts. The interior walls behind an arrow loop are often cut away at an oblique angle so that the archer has a wide field of view and field of fire. Arrow slits come in a variety of forms. A common one is the cross, accommodating the use of both the longbow and the crossbow. The narrow vertical aperture permits the archer large degrees of freedom to vary the elevation and direction of their bowshot, but makes it difficult for attackers to harm the archer since there is only a small target at which to aim. Balistraria, plural balistrariae, from balister, crossbowman can often be found in the curtain walls of medieval battlements beneath the crenellations. History The invention of the arrowslit is attributed to Archimedes during the siege of Syracuse in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Givi Amilakhvari
Givi Amilakhvari ( ka, გივი ამილახვარი) (1689–1754) was a Georgia (country), Georgian nobleman (''tavadi'') with a prominent role in the politics of eastern Georgia in the first half of the 18th century. He waged a lengthy struggle against the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman and Afsharid dynasty, Iranian encroachments, changing sides and forging various alliances as he tried to preserve autonomy for his native kingdom of Kartli as well as to prevent the ascendant Bagrationi dynasty of the neighboring Georgian kingdom of Kingdom of Kakheti, Kakheti from seizing the throne of Kartli. In the closing years of his turbulent life, Amilakhvari stood by his erstwhile Kakhetian foes and sponsored several construction projects across the country. Grebelsky, P. Kh., Dumin, S.V., Lapin, V.V. (1993), Дворянские роды Российской империи. Том 4: Князья Царства Грузинского. ("Noble families of the Russian Empire. Vol. 4: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kartli
Kartli ( ka, ქართლი ) is a historical region in central-to-eastern Georgia traversed by the river Mtkvari (Kura), on which Georgia's capital, Tbilisi, is situated. Known to the Classical authors as Iberia, Kartli played a crucial role in the ethnic and political consolidation of the Georgians in the Middle Ages. Kartli had no strictly defined boundaries and they significantly fluctuated in the course of history. After the partition of the kingdom of Georgia in the 15th century, Kartli became a separate kingdom with its capital at Tbilisi. The historical lands of Kartli are currently divided among several administrative regions of Georgia. The Georgians living in the historical lands of Kartli are known as Kartleli (ქართლელი) and comprise one of the largest geographic subgroups of the Georgian people. Most of them are Eastern Orthodox Christians adhering to the national Georgian Orthodox Church and speak a dialect which is the basis of the modern Georg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amilakhvari Castle
The Amilakhvari castle () is an architectural monument located at the village of Kvemo Chala, in Kaspi, Georgia. The monument is a large complex, built in the 17th–18th century, which originally contained three castles and various buildings in each of them, and belonged to a Georgian noble family of Amilakhvari. The complex suffered considerable destruction during the centuries, and currently only the main castle and the fragments of the other two remain. Georgia has inscribed the castle on its registry of Cultural Monuments of National Significance. History The castle, built during the 17th century by the family of nobles Amilakhvari, was north of a larger complex that has now almost completely disappeared. It is now not possible to tell how the castle originally looked. According to an 18th-century historian, there were "large palaces" here. Indeed, Kvemo Chala originally had three rather different castles: the main one in the western part of the village, and two smaller ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kvemo Chala
Kvemo Chala ( — ''the lower dell'') is a village in Georgia, in Kaspi Municipality. It is the center of Theme (Villages: Akhalsheni, Gamdlistskaro, Goraka, Vake, Pantiani, Sakorintlo).აღწერა 2014 The village is situated on a plain, on the middle stream of Lekhura river. The village was the home of the Karbelashvili brothers and their father Grigol. The last family castle of Amilakhvari dukes is also found in the village. This place is also known for being the village of famous people like the Lycan skin owner Bishop and his descendant Sandro ( Hebrew: סנדרו; Russian: Сандро; Urdu: سینڈرو ). Demography See also * Shida Kartli Notes Sources * Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia The ''Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia'' ( ka, ქართული საბჭოთა ენციკლოპედია, ქსე) is the first universal encyclopedia in the Georgian language, printed in Tbilisi from 1965, the editor in chi ..., p. 517, Tb., ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sapping
Sapping is a term used in siege operations to describe the digging of a covered trench (a "sap") to approach a besieged place without danger from the enemy's fire. (verb) The purpose of the sap is usually to advance a besieging army's position towards an attacked fortification. It is excavated by specialised military units, whose members are often called sappers. By using the sap, the besiegers could move closer to the walls of a fortress, without exposing the sappers to direct fire from the defending force. To protect the sappers, trenches were usually dug at an angle in zig-zag pattern (to protect against enfilading fire from the defenders), and at the head of the sap a defensive shield made of gabions (or a mantlet) could be deployed. Once the saps were close enough, siege engines or cannon could be moved through the trenches to get closer to—and enable firing at—the fortification. The goal of firing is to batter a breach in the curtain walls, to allow attacking infan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bastion
A bastion or bulwark is a structure projecting outward from the curtain wall of a fortification, most commonly angular in shape and positioned at the corners of the fort. The fully developed bastion consists of two faces and two flanks, with fire from the flanks being able to protect the curtain wall and the adjacent bastions. Compared with the medieval fortified towers they replaced, bastion fortifications offered a greater degree of passive resistance and more scope for ranged defence in the age of gunpowder artillery. As military architecture, the bastion is one element in the style of fortification dominant from the mid 16th to mid 19th centuries. Evolution By the middle of the 15th century, artillery pieces had become powerful enough to make the traditional medieval round tower and curtain wall obsolete. This was exemplified by the campaigns of Charles VII of France who reduced the towns and castles held by the English during the latter stages of the Hundred Years War, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Console (architecture)
In architecture, a corbel is a structural piece of stone, wood or metal jutting from a wall to carry a superincumbent weight, a type of bracket. A corbel is a solid piece of material in the wall, whereas a console is a piece applied to the structure. A piece of timber projecting in the same way was called a "tassel" or a "bragger" in England. The technique of corbelling, where rows of corbels deeply keyed inside a wall support a projecting wall or parapet, has been used since Neolithic (New Stone Age) times. It is common in medieval architecture and in the Scottish baronial style as well as in the vocabulary of classical architecture, such as the modillions of a Corinthian cornice. The corbel arch and corbel vault use the technique systematically to make openings in walls and to form ceilings. These are found in the early architecture of most cultures, from Eurasia to Pre-Columbian architecture. A console is more specifically an "S"-shaped scroll bracket in the classic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mkhare
A ''mkhare'' ( ka, მხარე, ''mxare'') is a type of administrative division in the country of Georgia (country), Georgia. It is usually translated as "region". According to presidential decrees in 1994 and 1996, Georgia's division into regions is on a provisional basis until the secessionist conflicts in Abkhazia and South Ossetia are resolved. The regional administration is headed by a State Commissioner (სახელმწიფო რწმუნებული, ''Saxelmćipo Rćmunebuli'', usually translated as "Governor"), an official appointed by the President of Georgia, President. The regions are further subdivided into ''raionis'' (districts). There are 9 regions in Georgia (see also map opposite): See also * Administrative divisions of Georgia (country), Administrative divisions of Georgia References {{Authority control Regions of Georgia (country), Types of administrative division Georgian words and phrases ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merlons
A merlon is the solid upright section of a battlement (a crenellated parapet) in medieval architecture or fortifications.Friar, Stephen (2003). ''The Sutton Companion to Castles'', Sutton Publishing, Stroud, 2003, p. 202. Merlons are sometimes pierced by narrow, vertical embrasures or slits designed for observation and fire. The space between two merlons is called a crenel, and a succession of merlons and crenels is a crenellation. Crenels designed in later eras for use by cannons were also called embrasures. Etymology The term ''merlon'' comes from the French language, adapted from the Italian , possibly a shortened form of , connected to Latin (pitchfork), or from a diminutive , from or (a wall). An alternative etymology suggests that the medieval Latin (mentioned from the end of the 10th century) functioned as a diminutive of Latin , " blackbird", expressing an image of this bird sitting on a wall. As part of battlements As an essential part of battlements, merlons were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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