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Situationist Approach
The Situationist International (SI) was an international organization of social revolutionaries made up of avant-garde artists, intellectuals, and political theorists. It was prominent in Europe from its formation in 1957 to its dissolution in 1972. The intellectual foundations of the Situationist International were derived primarily from libertarian Marxism and the avant-garde art movements of the early 20th century, particularly Dada and Surrealism. Overall, situationist theory represented an attempt to synthesize this diverse field of theoretical disciplines into a modern and comprehensive critique of mid-20th century advanced capitalism. Essential to situationist theory was the concept of the spectacle, a unified critique of advanced capitalism of which a primary concern was the progressively increasing tendency towards the expression and mediation of social relations through images. The situationists believed that the shift from individual expression through directly l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giuseppe Pinot-Gallizio
Giuseppe Pinot-Gallizio (1902–1964) was an Italian painter, the formulator of industrial painting, and a founding member of the Situationist International. He was also a scholar of popular culture, archaeology, nomadism, and botany.Mirella Bandini ''an enormous and unknown chemical reaction: the EXPERIMENTAL LABORATORY in ALBA'', published in Elisabeth Sussman (1989) ''On the passage of a few people through a rather brief moment in Time: The Situationist International 1957-1972'' Life Pinot-Gallizio was born in Alba, Italy, Alba, Piedmont, where he became an independent Left councilman and a chemist. In 1955, he met Asger Jorn, with whom he co-founded the Experimental Laboratory of the Imaginist Bauhaus in Alba, which was part of the International Movement for an Imaginist Bauhaus, in opposition to the return to productivism by others in the Bauhaus school, in particular Max Bill. It was held in Pinot-Gallizio's studio, a monastery from the seventeenth century, and was attende ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mustapha Khayati
Mustapha Khayati is a Tunisian social critic, and was a member of the Situationist International The Situationist International (SI) was an international organization of social revolutionaries made up of avant-garde artists, intellectuals, and political theorists. It was prominent in Europe from its formation in 1957 to its dissolution ... in the 1960s. Though collaborating with other Situationists, he was the chief author of the pamphlet ''De la misère en milieu étudiant considérée sous ses aspects économique, politique, psychologique, sexuelet notamment intellectuel et de quelques moyens pour y remédier'' (English: ''On the Poverty of Student Life Considered in Its Economic, Political, Psychological, Sexual, and Especially Intellectual Aspects, With a Modest Proposal for Doing Away With It'', aka '' On the Poverty of Student Life''). This pamphlet has been translated into English by Chris Gray and Ken Knabb. Ten thousand copies of '' On the Poverty of Student ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libertarian Marxism
Libertarian socialism is an anti-authoritarian and anti-capitalist political current that emphasises self-governance and workers' self-management. It is contrasted from other forms of socialism by its rejection of state ownership and from other forms of libertarianism by its rejection of private property. Broadly defined, it includes schools of both anarchism and Marxism, as well as other tendencies that oppose the state and capitalism. With its roots in the Age of Enlightenment, libertarian socialism was first constituted as a tendency by the anti-authoritarian faction of the International Workingmen's Association (IWA), during their conflict with the Marxist faction. Libertarian socialism quickly spread throughout Europe and the American continent, reaching its height during the early stages of the Russian Revolution of 1917 and particularly during the Spanish Revolution of 1936. Its defeat during these revolutions led to its brief decline, before its principles were resurre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Philosophy
Political philosophy studies the theoretical and conceptual foundations of politics. It examines the nature, scope, and Political legitimacy, legitimacy of political institutions, such as State (polity), states. This field investigates different forms of government, ranging from democracy to authoritarianism, and the values guiding political action, like justice, equality, and liberty. As a normative field, political philosophy focuses on desirable norms and values, in contrast to political science, which emphasizes empirical description. Political ideologies are systems of ideas and principles outlining how society should work. Anarchism rejects the coercive power of centralized governments. It proposes a stateless society to promote liberty and equality. Conservatism seeks to preserve traditional institutions and practices. It is skeptical of the human ability to radically Social change, reform society, arguing that drastic changes can destroy the wisdom of past generations. Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avant-garde
In the arts and literature, the term ''avant-garde'' ( meaning or ) identifies an experimental genre or work of art, and the artist who created it, which usually is aesthetically innovative, whilst initially being ideologically unacceptable to the artistic establishment of the time. The military metaphor of an ''advance guard'' identifies the artists and writers whose innovations in style, form, and subject-matter challenge the artistic and aesthetic validity of the established forms of art and the literary traditions of their time; thus, the artists who created the anti-novel and Surrealism were ahead of their times. As a stratum of the intelligentsia of a society, avant-garde artists promote progressive and radical politics and advocate for societal reform with and through works of art. In the essay "The Artist, the Scientist, and the Industrialist" (1825), Benjamin Olinde Rodrigues's political usage of ''vanguard'' identified the moral obligation of artists to "ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proletarian Internationalism
Proletarian internationalism, sometimes referred to as international socialism, is the perception of all proletarian revolutions as being part of a single global class struggle rather than separate localized events. It is based on the theory that capitalism is a world-system and therefore the working classes of all nations must act in concert if they are to replace it with communism. Proletarian internationalism was strongly embraced by the first communist party, the Communist League, as exercised through its slogan "Workers of the world, unite!, Proletarians of all countries, unite!", later popularized as "Workers of the world, unite!" in English literature. This notion was also embraced by the Bolshevik Party. After the formation of the Soviet Union, Marxist proponents of internationalism suggested that country could be used as a "homeland of communism" from which revolution could be spread around the globe. Though world revolution continued to figure prominently in Soviet rhe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Situationist International
The Second Situationist International were a small group of situationists (the "Nashists") who broke away from the Situationist International (SI). Jørgen Nash identifies the first manifestation of the group as a leaflet signed by himself along with Jacqueline de Jong and Ansgar Elde, shortly after the group Seven Rebels was formed at Situationist Bauhaus at Asger Jorn's farm Drakabygget in southern Sweden. Before the rupture with the SI, Jorn, who sided with the SI against Nash, emphasised situlogy, "the transformative morphology of the unique." Howard Slater describes the break between the "Parisian" and the "Scandinavian" tendencies as amounting to "a conflict between a conceptual and an expressionist approach, or, to echo Jorn's two tendencies of situlogy, a conflict between the ludic and the analytical," and quotes the ''Drakabygget Declaration'': The Franco-Belgian Situationists base themselves on the same principles as Pascal, Descartes ... action precedes emotion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
René Viénet
René Viénet (born 6 February 1944, in Le Havre) is a French sinologist who is famous as a situationist writer and filmmaker. Viénet used the situationist technique of détournement — the diversion of already existing cultural elements to new subversive purposes. Career René Viénet was a member of the Situationist International (SI) from 1963 to 1971. He was one of the SI's two filmmakers, though his films were made and released after he had left the group. But his footprint goes much beyond the few youthful years he spent in this organization, as he explained in a 2015 interview with Daoud Boughezala for ''Causeur'' and in an earlier two-hour-long radio conversation on France-Culture with Hélène Hazera. These two interviews are his only public discussions of his life and work to date. Viénet has supplied most of the details, and approved the present premature epitaph, assuming it remains unaltered. René Viénet was born on 6 February 1944 to a family that had been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Trocchi
Alexander Whitelaw Robertson Trocchi ( ; 30 July 1925 – 15 April 1984) was a Scottish novelist. Early life and career Trocchi was born in Glasgow to Alfred (formerly Alfredo) Trocchi, a music-hall performer of Italian parentage, and Annie (née Robertson), who ran a boarding house and died of food poisoning when Trocchi was a teenager. He attended Hillhead High School in the city and Cally House School in Gatehouse of Fleet, having been evacuated there during World War II.Sammaddra (16 December 2013)"The Edwin Morgan Papers: Alexander Trocchi – ‘cosmonaut of inner space’" ''University of Glasgow Library Blog''. Retrieved 2 December 2021. After working as a seaman on the Murmansk convoys, he studied English Literature and Moral Philosophy at the University of Glasgow, and was awarded second-class honours in 1950. Without graduating, Trocchi obtained a travelling grant that enabled him to relocate to continental Europe. In the early 1950s he lived in Paris and edit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gianfranco Sanguinetti
Gianfranco Sanguinetti (born 16 July 1948, Pully, Switzerland) is a writer who was a member of the Situationist International (SI), a political art movement. He is Teresa Mattei's son. Biography Sanguinetti was deported from France in 1971 and settled in Italy. By 1972, Sanguinetti and Guy Debord were the only two remaining members of the SI. Together they wrote ''The Veritable Split in the International'' a book detailing the rise and fall of the SI. Again working with Debord, in August 1975, Sanguinetti wrote a pamphlet titled ( English: ''The Real Report on the Last Chance to Save Capitalism in Italy''), which (inspired by Niccolò Machiavelli and Bruno Bauer) purported to be the cynical writing of "Censor", a powerful industrialist. The pamphlet was to show how the ruling class of Italy supported the Piazza Fontana bombing and other covert, false flag mass slaughter, for the higher goal of defending the capitalist status quo from the communist claims. The pamphlet was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ralph Rumney
Ralph Rumney (5 June 1934 – 6 March 2002) was an English artist, born in Newcastle upon Tyne, where his father was an Anglican vicar. In 1957 lifelong conscientious objector Rumney—he evaded National Service by going on the run in continental Europe—was one of the co-founders of the London Psychogeographical Association. This organization was, along with COBRA and the Lettrist International, involved in the formation of the Situationist International (SI). Amongst those present at the founding in the Italian village of Cosio d'Arroscia were Walter Olmo, Michèle Bernstein (later his second wife), Asger Jorn, and Guy Debord. However, within seven months Rumney had been "amiably" expelled from the SI by Debord for "failing to hand in a psychogeography report about Venice on time." Rumney spent much of his life living as a wanderer, and was variously described as both a "recluse" and a "media whore", seeing his existence as a "permanent adventure and endless experiment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constant Nieuwenhuys
Constant Anton Nieuwenhuys (21 July 1920 – 1 August 2005), better known as Constant, was a Dutch painter, sculptor, graphic artist, author and musician. Early period Constant was born in Amsterdam on 21 July 1920 as the first son of Pieter Nieuwenhuijs and Maria Cornelissen. Their second son, Jan Nieuwenhuys, was born a year later. Both sons became artists although their parents had no apparent interest in art.Constant, une rétrospective, Musée Picasso Antibes, 2001 As a young child Constant drew passionately and showed great talent. He read literature with a special preference for poetry and played musical instruments. During his teenage years he learned to sing and to read music while in the church choir at the Ignatius Gymnasium, a prestigious Jesuit school in Amsterdam. In his later years, greatly inspired by gypsy style, gypsy music, he only played improvised music. He played guitar, violin and at 45 years of age also mastered playing the cimbalon.Trudy van der Horst, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
