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Sisters Overseas Service
Sisters Overseas Service (SOS) was a New Zealand organisation that helped women travel to Australia to obtain abortions in the 1970s and early 1980s. It was founded in response to the restrictions imposed by the Contraception, Sterlisation, and Abortion Act 1977. SOS arranged for women from all parts of New Zealand to travel to Australian abortion clinics as well as helping to fund women's travel. By 1979 the law was interpreted more liberally reducing the need for the services of SOS. History The Contraception, Sterilisation, and Abortion Act 1977 passed into legislation on 15 December 1977, making New Zealand abortion law more restrictive and legal abortions virtually inaccessible. In early 1978 a feminist-launched petition called for parliament to repeal the 1977 act but it was not presented to parliament. In response to the law change groups of women banded together to form SOS. SOS provided counselling and support and made arrangements for women to travel to Australian cli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contraception, Sterilisation, And Abortion Act 1977
Contraception, Sterilisation, and Abortion Act 1977, also known as the CS&A Act 1977, is an Act of Parliament in New Zealand. It was passed shortly following an inquiry by the Royal Commission on Contraception, Sterilisation and Abortion. The legislation established the legal framework for abortion in New Zealand; with abortions being allowed provided the procedure was approved by two certifying consultants and that the circumstances met the criteria of the Crimes Act 1961. In March 2020, several of its provisions were amended by the Abortion Legislation Act 2020, which eased access to abortion and eliminated most of the criteria established by the Crimes Act 1961. Legislative features 1977 legislation The Contraception, Sterilisation and Abortion Act 1977 regulated the supply of contraceptives to young people, the conditions that sterilisations could be undertaken, and the circumstances under which abortions could be authorised. The legislation decriminalised abortions for preg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elizabeth Sewell (activist)
Elizabeth Sewell (1940–1988) was a New Zealand activist in the feminist movement in the 1970s and 1980s. She was the first head of the Ministry for Consumer Affairs. Career Sewell was a manufacturing jeweller and feminist in Christchurch setting up the Pregnancy Advisory Service in 1974. She was instrumental in the creation and operation of the Christchurch office of Sisters Overseas Service (SOS), an organisation which supported women to travel to Sydney for abortions in the late 1970s. She supervised two paid employees and volunteers as well as handling publicity and counselling of women. She was one of the organisers of the 1977 United Women's Convention, moving to Wellington in 1979 to become a researcher and private secretary to the Member of Parliament Marilyn Waring. In the early 1980s she was National Executive Director of the Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) as well as being active in the Women's Electoral Lobby (WEL). In 1986 she became the first Gener ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carol Shand
Meon Carolyn Shand (born 1939) is a New Zealand doctor, general practitioner and advocate for women's health, maternity care, contraception, abortion and the medical care of the victims of sexual abuse and child abuse. Early life and education Shand was the daughter of farmer and politician Tom Shand and doctor Claudia Lilian Shand, née Weston. She had a brother Anthony and two sisters, Jill and Ann. She graduated with her medical degree from the University of Otago in 1962. Career Shand was a house surgeon (a surgical "RMO" or "house officer") at Wellington Hospital early in her career but became a general practitioner, running a general practice in Wellington with her husband Erich Geiringer. Shand has worked over the years to make abortions safe and available, with her colleague Margaret Sparrow. She was active in the Wellington branch of Sisters Overseas Service (SOS) in the late 1970s helping women to go to Australia for abortions. She pioneered work in the medica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret Sparrow
Dame Margaret June Sparrow (née Muir, born 25 June 1935) is a New Zealand medical doctor, reproductive rights advocate, and author. Early life, family, and education Sparrow was born in Inglewood on 25 June 1935 to Daniel James Muir and Jessie Isobel Muir (née McMillan), and was educated at Waitara District High School and New Plymouth Girls' High School. She went on to study at Victoria University College from 1953 to 1955, graduating BSc; the University of Otago from 1957 to 1963, from where she graduated MB ChB; and the University of London, where she completed a Diploma in Venereology in 1976. In 1956, she married Peter Charles Methven Sparrow, and the couple went on to have two children. Peter Sparrow died in 1982. Career Sparrow started her career in health working at the student health centre at Victoria University of Wellington in the late 1960s. At the time, the clinic would only allow contraception to be given to married couples, and she had to go against the wis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broadsheet (magazine)
''Broadsheet'' was a monthly New Zealand feminist magazine produced in Auckland from 1972 to 1997. The magazine played a significant part in New Zealand women's activism. It was to become one of the world's longest-lived feminist magazines. It was co-founded by Anne Else, Sandra Coney, Rosemary Ronald, and Kitty Wishart. The magazine was "New Zealand's first feminist magazine focusing on women's issues and information sharing on a national and international level".Auckland City Libraries, ''Broadsheet Collective'', p 2 The first issue was released in July 1972, and "consisted of twelve foolscap pages – stapled"; 200 copies were produced, which sold out. Before the second issue was published they had 50 paid subscribers. Māori issues sometimes received considerable coverage in the magazine, which provoked "fierce exchanges in the letters pages". On 19 September 1992, the magazine and New Women's Press (NWP) celebrated a joint anniversary (''Broadsheets twentieth and NWP's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sue Orr (writer)
Sue Orr (born 1962) is a fiction writer, journalist and creative writing teacher from New Zealand. Background Orr was born 1962 in Thames, New Zealand, Thames and spent her childhood on the Hauraki Plains. She has a BA in History and French from the University of Waikato, a Diploma in Journalism from Auckland University of Technology, Auckland Technical Institute, and an MA and PhD in Creative Writing at Victoria University of Wellington. She currently lives in Wellington, and teaches creative writing at Rimutaka and Arohata prisons, and in women's refuges in the region. Career Orr has worked as a journalist in New Zealand (in Tokoroa, Tauranga, Wellington), the UK, and France. Since completing her MA in 2006, Orr has been writing fiction and teaching creative writing at Manukau Institute of Technology and Massey University. Orr has published four works of fiction: * ''Etiquette for a Dinner Party: Short Stories'' (2008, Random House) * ''From Under the Overcoat'' (2011, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abortion In New Zealand
Abortion in New Zealand is legal within the framework of the Abortion Legislation Act 2020, which permits the termination of pregnancy after 20 weeks in rare circumstances. and removed abortion from the Crimes Act 1961. After 20 weeks, abortion is permitted only if a health practitioner deems it "clinically appropriate" and consults at least one other health practitioner. Abortion is illegal only if a person who is not a licensed health practitioner procures or performs it. In March 2022, New Zealand implemented explicit "safe access zones" by legislation around abortion clinics and/or hospitals. Current legislation Abortion in New Zealand is regulated by four laws: the Abortion Legislation Act 2020, the Contraception, Sterilisation, and Abortion Act 1977 (CS&A Act 1977), the Health Practitioners Competence Assurance Act 2003, and Section 38 of the Care of Child Act 2004. A woman who is not more than 20 weeks pregnant may seek abortion from a health practitioner. A woman seeking ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organizations Established In 1977
An organization or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is an entity—such as a company, an institution, or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose. The word is derived from the Greek word ''organon'', which means tool or instrument, musical instrument, and organ. Types There are a variety of legal types of organizations, including corporations, governments, non-governmental organizations, political organizations, international organizations, armed forces, charities, not-for-profit corporations, partnerships, cooperatives, and educational institutions, etc. A hybrid organization is a body that operates in both the public sector and the private sector simultaneously, fulfilling public duties and developing commercial market activities. A voluntary association is an organization consisting of volunteers. Such organizations may be able to operate without legal formalities, depending on jurisdiction, includi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1977 Establishments In New Zealand
Events January * January 8 – Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group. * January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo). * January 17 ** 49 marines from the and are killed as a result of a collision in Barcelona harbour, Spain. * January 18 ** Scientists identify a previously unknown bacterium as the cause of the mysterious Legionnaires' disease. ** Australia's worst railway disaster at Granville, a suburb of Sydney, leaves 83 people dead. ** SFR Yugoslavia Prime minister Džemal Bijedić, his wife and 6 others are killed in a plane crash in Bosnia and Herzegovina. * January 19 – An Ejército del Aire CASA C-207C Azor (registration T.7-15) plane crashes into the side of a mountain near Chiva, on approach to Valencia Airport in Spain, killing all 11 people on board. * January 20 – Jimmy Carter is sworn in as the 39th Pres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abortion-rights Organisations In New Zealand
The abortion debate is a longstanding, ongoing controversy that touches on the moral, legal, medical, and religious aspects of induced abortion. In English-speaking countries, the debate most visibly polarizes around adherents of the self-described "pro-choice" and "pro-life" movements. ''Pro-choice'' emphasizes a woman's right to bodily autonomy, while the ''pro-life'' position argues that a fetus is a human deserving of legal protection, separate from the will of the mother. Both terms are considered loaded in mainstream media, where terms such as "abortion rights" or "anti-abortion" are generally preferred. Each movement has, with varying results, sought to influence public opinion and to attain legal support for its position. Many who take a position argue that abortion is essentially a moral issue, concerning the beginning of human personhood, rights of the fetus, and bodily integrity. The debate has become a political and legal issue in some countries with anti-abortion c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women's Organisations Based In New Zealand
A woman is an adult female human. Prior to adulthood, a female human is referred to as a girl (a female child or Adolescence, adolescent). The plural ''women'' is sometimes used in certain phrases such as "women's rights" to denote female humans regardless of age. Typically, women inherit a pair of X chromosomes, one from each parent, and are capable of pregnancy and giving childbirth, birth from puberty until menopause. More generally, sex differentiation of the female fetus is governed by the lack of a present, or functioning, SRY-gene on either one of the respective sex chromosomes. Female anatomy is distinguished from male anatomy by the female reproductive system, which includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and vulva. A fully developed woman generally has a wider pelvis, broader hips, and larger breasts than an adult man. Women have significantly less facial and other body hair, have a higher body fat composition, and are on average shorter and less muscu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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