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Sir Thomas Dereham, 4th Baronet
Sir Thomas Dereham, 4th Baronet (or Derham) (ca. 1678–1739), Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS, was an English baronet who spent most of his life in Italy, where he acted as an informal representative for the James Francis Edward Stuart, Old Pretender, known as James III to his supporters. Origins Sir Thomas Dereham was born in West Dereham Abbey, Norfolk, the son and heir of Sir Richard Dereham, 3rd Baronet, by his wife Frances Villiers (alias Wright, Howard, Danvers), a daughter of Robert Danvers, Robert Danvers, Viscount Purbeck (1624-1674) (alias Wright, Howard, Villiers) the illegitimate son of Frances Coke (probably by Sir Robert Howard of Clun Castle, Shropshire), the estranged wife of John Villiers, 1st Viscount Purbeck. Career He was an English soldier and landowner who briefly sat in the House of Commons in 1659 and 1660. The illegitimate child of a notorious liaison, Danvers had at least four different names, changed his religion four times, and sided according to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massimiliano Soldani Benzi
Massimiliano Soldani or Massimiliano Soldani Benzi (15 July 1656 – 23 February 1740) was an Italian baroque sculptor and medallist, mainly active in Florence. Born at Montevarchi, the son of a Tuscan cavalry captain, Soldani was employed by the Medici for his entire career.Klaus Lankheit, ''Florentinische Barockplastik'', 1962. Name He first went under the name ''Soldani'' but, claiming descent from the family of bishop Soldani of Fiesole and from the aristocratic Benzi family of Figline, he applied for and received, in 1693, an official letter acknowledging his nobility based on this ancestry. From this date forward, he called himself, and is referred to in many documents as, ''Soldani Benzi''. Life Soldani began training in the Medici drawing school in Florence. He attracted the attention of Grand Duke Cosimo III de' Medici who sent Soldani to his grand-ducal academy in Rome to study under Ciro Ferri and Ercole Ferrata, and to train in coining. During his years in Rome (1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Society
The Royal Society, formally The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, is a learned society and the United Kingdom's national academy of sciences. The society fulfils a number of roles: promoting science and its benefits, recognising excellence in science, supporting outstanding science, providing scientific advice for policy, education and public engagement and fostering international and global co-operation. Founded on 28 November 1660, it was granted a royal charter by King Charles II as The Royal Society and is the oldest continuously existing scientific academy in the world. The society is governed by its Council, which is chaired by the Society's President, according to a set of statutes and standing orders. The members of Council and the President are elected from and by its Fellows, the basic members of the society, who are themselves elected by existing Fellows. , there are about 1,700 fellows, allowed to use the postnominal title FRS (Fellow of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1739 Deaths
Events January–March * January 1 – Bouvet Island is discovered by French explorer Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier, in the South Atlantic Ocean. * January 3: A 7.6 earthquake shakes the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in China killing 50,000 people. * February 24 – Battle of Karnal: The army of Iranian ruler Nader Shah defeats the forces of the Mughal emperor of India, Muhammad Shah. * March 20 – Nader Shah occupies Delhi, India and sacks the city, stealing the jewels of the Peacock Throne, including the Koh-i-Noor. April–June * April 7 – English highwayman Dick Turpin is executed by hanging for horse theft. * May 12 – John Wesley lays the foundation stone of the New Room, Bristol in England, the world's first Methodist meeting house. * June 13 – (June 2 Old Style); The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences is founded in Stockholm, Sweden. July–September * July 9 – The first group purporting to repres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1678 Births
Events January–March * January 10 – England and the Dutch Republic sign a mutual defense treaty in order to fight against France. * January 27 – The first fire engine company (in what will become the United States) goes into service. * February 18 – The first part of English nonconformist preacher John Bunyan's Christian allegory, ''The Pilgrim's Progress'', is published in London. * March 21 – Thomas Shadwell's comedy '' A True Widow'' is given its first performance, at The Duke's Theatre in London, staged by the Duke's Company. * March 23 – Rebel Chinese general Wu Sangui takes the imperial crown, names himself monarch of "The Great Zhou", based in the Hunan report, with Hengyang as his capital. He contracts dysentery over the summer and dies on October 2, ending the rebellion against the Kangxi Emperor. * March 25 – The Spanish Netherlands city of Ypres falls after an eight-day siege by the French Army. It is later return ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dereham Baronets
The Dereham Baronetcy, of West Dereham in the County of Norfolk, was a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created on 8 June 1661 for Thomas Dereham. The fourth Baronet was a Fellow of the Royal Society The Royal Society, formally The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, is a learned society and the United Kingdom's national academy of sciences. The society fulfils a number of roles: promoting science and its benefits, re .... The title became extinct on his death in 1739. Dereham Baronets, of West Dereham (1661) *Sir Thomas Dereham, 1st Baronet (–1668) *Sir Henry Dereham, 2nd Baronet (c. 1643–1682) *Sir Richard Dereham, 3rd Baronet (1644–c. 1710) * Sir Thomas Dereham, 4th Baronet (c. 1678–1739) References * {{DEFAULTSORT:Dereham Extinct baronetcies in the Baronetage of England ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jonathan Sisson
Jonathan Sisson (1690 – 1747) was a prominent English instrument maker, the inventor of the modern theodolite with a sighting telescope for surveying, and a leading maker of astronomical instruments. Career Jonathan Sisson was born in Lincolnshire around 1690. He was apprenticed to George Graham (1673–1751), then became independent in 1722. He remained an associate of Graham and of the instrument maker John Bird (1709–1776). All three were recommended by the Royal Society and received some funding from the state, which recognised the value of instruments both to the Royal Navy and to merchant ships. After striking out on his own in 1722 and opening a business in the Strand in London, Sisson gained a reputation for making highly accurate arcs and circles, and for the altazimuth theodolites that he made to his own design. He became a well-known maker of optical and mathematical instruments. In 1729 Sisson was appointed mathematical instrument maker to Frederick, Prince of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Celia Grillo Borromeo
Clelia Grillo Borromeo Arese or Celia Grillo Borromeo (1684 – 23 August 1777) was an Italian (Genovese) natural philosopher, mathematician and scientist. Life and education Borromeo was born in Genoa, the daughter of duke Marcantonio of Mondragone and Maria Antonia, the marquise Imperial. Borromeo was educated in several languages, mathematics, natural science and mechanics. She spoke eight languages and was interested in geometry, natural science and mathematics. She was educated first by her mother and then in a convent, but it is unknown where she received education in the subjects she became known for. In 1707, she married count Giovanni Borromeo Arese Benedict (1679–1744), and became the mother of eight children. Borromeo died in Milan. Contributions She was famous for her ability to solve every mathematical problem presented to her. Borromeo was described as an independent person, which was regarded as eccentric because it was not considered natural for her gender. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli
Count Luigi Ferdinando Marsili (or Marsigli, Lat. ''Marsilius''; 10 July 1658 – 1 November 1730) was an Italian scholar and eminent natural scientist, who also served as an emissary and soldier. Biography Born in Bologna, he was a member of an ancient patrician family and was educated in accordance with his noble social rank. He supplemented his reading by studying mathematics, anatomy, and natural history helped by the best Bolognese tutors and enhanced by his personal observations. After a course of scientific studies in his native city he travelled throughout Asia Minor collecting data on the Ottoman Empire's military organisation, as well as on its natural history. On his return he entered the service of the Emperor Leopold (1682) and fought with distinction against the Turks, by whom he was wounded and captured in an action on the River Rába; sold to a pasha who met him after the Battle of Vienna, his release was secured in 1684. He returned to the Imperial Army de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academy Of The Institute Of Sciences And The Arts Of Bologna
The Academy of Sciences of the Institute of Bologna (''Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna'') is an academic society in Bologna, Italy, that was founded in 1690 and prospered in the Age of Enlightenment. Today it is closely associated with the University of Bologna. Origins By the end of the seventeenth century the University of Bologna, one of the world's oldest and once a thriving center of artistic and scientific discovery, had entered a long period of decline. The ''Academy degli Inquieti'' was founded in Bologna around 1690 by Eustachio Manfredi as a place where mathematical topics could be discussed. At first, the academy held its meetings in Manfredi's house, where it began to attract scholars working in other disciplines such as anatomy and physiology, from Bologna and from nearby provinces. In 1694 the academy moved to the house of Jacopo Sandri, a professor of anatomy and medicine at the University of Bologna. In 1704 the academy acquired a more formal struct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27) was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author (described in his time as a "natural philosopher"), widely recognised as one of the greatest mathematicians and physicists and among the most influential scientists of all time. He was a key figure in the philosophical revolution known as the Enlightenment. His book (''Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy''), first published in 1687, established classical mechanics. Newton also made seminal contributions to optics, and shares credit with German mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz for developing infinitesimal calculus. In the , Newton formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation that formed the dominant scientific viewpoint for centuries until it was superseded by the theory of relativity. Newton used his mathematical description of gravity to derive Kepler's laws of planetary motion, account for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Jurin
James Jurin Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, FRCP (baptised 15 December 168429 March 1750) was an English scientist and physician, particularly remembered for his early work in capillary action and in the epidemiology of smallpox vaccine, smallpox vaccination. He was a staunch proponent of the work of Sir Isaac Newton and often used his gift for satire in Newton's defence. Early life Jurin's father was John Jurin, a London Dyeing, dyer. His mother was John's wife Dorcas Cotesworth. He was educated at Christ's Hospital where he won a scholarship to Trinity College, Cambridge, graduating BA in 1705, and being elected Fellow#Oxford, Cambridge and Dublin, fellow the following year. Becoming the ''protégé'' of the master of Trinity, Richard Bentley, Jurin became tutor to Mordecai Cary, travelling with him internationally. Jurin achieved his Master of Arts, MA in 1709 and became headteacher of the Royal Grammar School, Newcastle. Jurin beca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Dereham Abbey
West Dereham Abbey was an abbey in Norfolk, England. St Mary's Abbey, West Dereham, was founded in 1188 by Hubert Walter, Dean of York, at his birthplace. It was to be a daughter house of Welbeck Abbey, Nottinghamshire, for canons regular of the Premonstratensian order. The canons were to pray for the souls of the founder and his parents, his brothers and sisters and all his relatives and friends. It was surrounded by a moat and was to become one of the larger religious houses in Norfolk, with up to twenty six canons in the late 13th century, and was also quite wealthy, with extensive estates. The last recorded Bishop's visitation took place 10 August 1503. Richard Redman (bishop), Bishop Redman of Ely found several insufficiently taught; therefore he recalled Brother Robert Watton from the university, to be joined in office with the prior, and diligently to teach his brethren. Thomas Fychele was removed from the subpriorship for his negligence in his duty; otherwise the con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
