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Sino-Vietnamese Conflicts (1979–1991)
The Sino-Vietnamese conflicts of 1979–1991 were a series of border and naval clashes between the People's Republic of China and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam following the Sino-Vietnamese War in 1979. These clashes lasted from the end of the Sino-Vietnamese War until the normalization of ties in 1991. When the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) withdrew from Vietnam in March 1979 after the war, China announced that they were not ambitious for "any square inch of the territory of Vietnam". However, Chinese troops occupied an area of , which was disputed land controlled by Vietnam before hostilities broke out. In some places such as the area around Friendship Gate near the city of Lạng Sơn, Chinese troops occupied territories which had little military value but important symbolic value. Elsewhere, Chinese troops occupied the strategic positions of military importance as springboards to attack Vietnam. The Chinese occupation of border territory angered Vietnam, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Indochina War
The Third Indochina War was a series of interconnected military conflicts, mainly among the various communist factions over strategic influence in Indochina after Communist victory in South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia in 1975. The conflict primarily started due to continued raids and incursions by the Khmer Rouge into Vietnamese territory that they sought to retake. These incursions would result in the Cambodian–Vietnamese War in which the newly unified Vietnam overthrew the Pol Pot regime and the Khmer Rouge, in turn ending the Cambodian genocide. Vietnam had installed a government led by many opponents of Pol Pot, most notably Hun Sen, a former Khmer Rouge commander. This led to Vietnam's occupation of Cambodia for over a decade. The Vietnamese push to completely destroy the Khmer Rouge led to them conducting Vietnamese border raids in Thailand, border raids in Thailand against those who had provided sanctuary. Vietnam-China relations became tense because Vietnam chose to b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trường Chinh
Trường Chinh (, meaning "Long March"), born Đặng Xuân Khu (9 February 1907 – 30 September 1988) was a Vietnamese communism, communist political leader, revolutionary and theoretician. He was one of the key figures of Vietnamese politics for over 40 years, and played a major role in the 1946-54 war against the French. Trường also played an important role in shaping the politics of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) and creating the Socialism, socialist structure of the new Vietnam. Between November 9, 1940 and November 11, 1945, when the party dissolved, Trường was General Secretary of the Indochinese Communist Party Central Committee. Between 1946 and 1954, the First Indochina War led to the fall of French Indochina and the partitioning of Vietnam between North Vietnam, north and South Vietnam, south. On February 19, 1951, Trường became First Secretary of the Workers' Party of Vietnam Central Committee (although Ho Chi Minh, Hồ Chí Minh, in his capacity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambodia
Cambodia, officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. It is bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the north, and Vietnam to the east, and has a coastline along the Gulf of Thailand in the southwest. It spans an area of , dominated by a low-lying plain and the confluence of the Mekong river and Tonlé Sap, Southeast Asia's largest lake. It is dominated by a tropical climate and is rich in biodiversity. Cambodia has a population of about 17 million people, the majority of which are ethnically Khmer people, Khmer. Its capital and most populous city is Phnom Penh, followed by Siem Reap and Battambang. In 802 AD, Jayavarman II declared himself king, uniting the warring Khmer princes of Chenla Kingdom, Chenla under the name "Kambuja".Chandler, David P. (1992) ''History of Cambodia''. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, . This marked the beginning of the Khmer Empire. The Indianised kingdom facilitated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lạng Sơn
Lạng Sơn () is a city in far Northern Vietnam, and the capital of Lạng Sơn Province. It is accessible by road and rail from Hanoi, the Vietnamese capital, and it is the northernmost point on National Route 1. History Due to its geography as Vietnam's gateway to China (being located just across from Guangxi), Lạng Sơn (諒山) and its ancient citadel have been in the path of many invasions, and were the site of three French defeats during the colonial era. Occupied by Qing forces during the military buildup that preceded the Sino-French War, the city was occupied by France after the two-week Lạng Sơn Campaign in February 1885. However, the French brigade there conducted a hasty retreat after launching a failed attack at the Battle of Bang Bo into China; the " retreat from Lạng Sơn" became the most controversial aspect of the war and led to the fall of Jules Ferry's ministry. Outnumbered French colonial forces clashed with the Japanese 5th Division in the Battle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friendship Pass
Friendship Pass (), also commonly known by its older name Ải Nam Quan (), is a pass near the China-Vietnam border, between China's Guangxi and Vietnam's Lạng Sơn province. The pass itself lies just inside the Chinese side of the border. Vietnamese National Route 1 starts at the border near this pass, which lies less than 5 km north of the town of Đồng Đăng in Lạng Sơn province, ending in Năm Căn in Cà Mau province. China National Highway 322 runs from here to Guangxi province and Hunan province. This is one of the busiest border trading points of Vietnam. It was built in the early Ming dynasty with the name of "South Suppressing Pass" (). In 1953, its name was changed to "South Harmonious Pass" (). In 1965, its name was changed again to the current Friendship Pass, reflecting the close political, military, and economic ties between the People's Republic of China and North Vietnam during the then-ongoing Vietnam War. History Traditionally, the pas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sino-Vietnamese War
The Sino-Vietnamese War (also known by other names) was a brief conflict that occurred in early 1979 between China and Vietnam. China launched an offensive ostensibly in response to Vietnam's invasion and occupation of Cambodia in 1978, which ended the rule of the Chinese-backed Khmer Rouge. The conflict lasted for about a month, with China withdrawing its troops in March 1979. In February 1979, Chinese forces launched a surprise invasion of northern Vietnam and quickly captured several cities near the border. On 6March of that year, China declared that its punitive mission had been accomplished. Chinese troops then withdrew from Vietnam. Vietnam continued to occupy Cambodia until 1989, suggesting that China failed to achieve one of its stated aims of dissuading Vietnam from involvement in Cambodia. China's operation at least forced Vietnam to withdraw the 2nd Corps, from the invasion forces of Cambodia to reinforce the defense of Hanoi. Additionally, it demonstrated that th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vietnam
Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifteenth-most populous country. One of two communist states in Southeast Asia, Vietnam shares land borders with China to the north, and Laos and Cambodia to the west. It shares Maritime boundary, maritime borders with Thailand through the Gulf of Thailand, and the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia through the South China Sea. Its capital is Hanoi and its largest city is Ho Chi Minh City. Vietnam was inhabited by the Paleolithic age, with states established in the first millennium BC on the Red River Delta in modern-day northern Vietnam. Before the Han dynasty's invasion, Vietnam was marked by a vibrant mix of religion, culture, and social norms. The Han dynasty annexed Northern and Central Vietnam, which were subs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after India, representing 17.4% of the world population. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and Borders of China, borders fourteen countries by land across an area of nearly , making it the list of countries and dependencies by area, third-largest country by land area. The country is divided into 33 Province-level divisions of China, province-level divisions: 22 provinces of China, provinces, 5 autonomous regions of China, autonomous regions, 4 direct-administered municipalities of China, municipalities, and 2 semi-autonomous special administrative regions. Beijing is the country's capital, while Shanghai is List of cities in China by population, its most populous city by urban area and largest financial center. Considered one of six ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vũ Lập
Vũ Lập (born Nông Văn Phách) (1924–1987) was a colonel general in the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) active during Laotian Civil War and all three Indochina Wars. He commanded PAVN forces in Campaign 139 in Laotian Civil War, and PAVN Military Region 2 in Sino-Vietnamese War. Early years Vũ Lập was born in Cao Bằng province of the Tonkin Protectorate, French Indochina. Joining Vietnamese revolutionary movement since childhood, Vũ Lập was sent to attend military training in Guangxi at age 17, together with Hoàng Văn Thái, Đàm Quang Trung, and Vũ Nam Long in 1941. Military career In the Battle of Điện Biên Phủ, Vũ Lập was the chief of staff, together with the commander Lê Quảng Ba Lê Quảng Ba (born Đàm Văn Mông) (1915–1988) was a major-general in the People's Army of Vietnam active during the First Indochina War. He commanded Việt Minh forces in Battle of Thập Vạn Đại Sơn. In 1941, Lê Quảng Ba together ... and politi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Đàm Quang Trung
Đàm Quang Trung (born Đàm Ngọc Lưu) (12 September 1921 – 3 March 1995) was a colonel general in the People's Army of Vietnam, active during the First Indochina War, Vietnam War and Sino-Vietnamese War. He commanded PAVN Military Region 1 in Sino-Vietnamese War. Early years Đàm Quang Trung was born in Cao Bằng province of the Tonkin Protectorate, French Indochina. He joined the Indochinese Communist Party in 1939. In May 1940 he was imprisoned by French colonial authorities, but was released in March 1941 after interrogation without result. After that, he was sent to study at the Whampoa Military Academy. In September 1944, he began building a guerrilla warfare on the northern border of the country to China. In December, he joined the communist guerrilla movement. Military career During the August Revolution in 1945, he served as a company commander of Việt Minh The Việt Minh (, ) is the common and abbreviated name of the League for Independence of Vietnam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Văn Tiến Dũng
Văn Tiến Dũng (; 2 May 1917 – 17 March 2002) was a Vietnamese general in the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN), PAVN chief of staff (1954–1974); PAVN commander in chief (1975–1980); member of the Central Military–Party Committee (CMPC) (1984–1986) and Socialist Republic of Vietnam defense minister (1980–1987). Military career Born in Cổ Nhuế commune, Từ Liêm District, Hà Nội of Tonkin (French protectorate) to a craftsman family, Văn Tiến Dũng took part in some democracy movements and public struggles of Hà Nội workers since 1936, joined the Indochinese Communist Party in 1937. He was imprisoned by French colonial authorities three times and escaped from prisons successfully two times between 1939 and 1944. In the August Revolution, Dũng directed the armed forces to seize power in the province of Hòa Bình, Ninh Bình and Thanh Hóa. In 1951, he was appointed as a commander commissar of the newly formed Brigade 320. By November 1953, d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Võ Chí Công
Võ Chí Công (; born Võ Toàn ; 7 August 1912 – 8 September 2011) was a Vietnamese Communist revolutionary, and the Chairman of the Council of State of Vietnam (Alternatively: President of Vietnam) between 1987 and 1992. He was the Standing Deputy Chairman of the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam from 1962 to 1976. Early life and political activities Võ Chí Công was born Võ Toàn in Quảng Nam, French Indochina, in 1912. Võ Chí Công's father was Võ Nghiệm a patriot who later became a communist party member and a secretary, who was condemned as a martyr by the Vietnamese government. His mother Nguyễn Thị Thân was later conferred the Vietnamese title as Vietnamese heroic mother. Công was educated in patriotic spirit and influenced by many land magnates such as Hoàng Diệu, Trần Quý Cáp, Phan Châu Trinh, and Huỳnh Thúc Kháng. He first became politically active in 1930, when he joined with Phan Bội Châu and Phan Chu Trinh, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
