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Siege Of Perpignan (1642)
The siege of Perpignan was a siege during the Catalan Revolt. History The troops of Louis XIII of France besieged Perpignan from November 4, 1641 onward. The King himself was present during spring 1642, but left before the conquest of the city. Two Spanish attempts to relieve the city failed: on land in the Battle of Montmeló on March 28 and at sea in the Battle of Barcelona in July. The governor, the Marquis de Flores Dávila, was forced to surrender the city on September 9, 1642, because of the large number of casualties by hunger and the fall of Cotlliure. The city was occupied by French troops supported by the Catalan rebels. There were only 500 Spanish survivors. Consequences After the fall of Perpignan, the Fort de Salses remained completely isolated without any hope of relief, and therefore also surrendered. The whole of the Roussillon had fallen into French hands and remained French until today because of the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659. Sources {{coord, 42.698 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reapers' War
The Reapers' War ( ca, Guerra dels Segadors, , es, Guerra de los Segadores), also known as the Catalan Revolt, was a conflict that affected a large part of the Principality of Catalonia between the years of 1640 and 1659. It had an enduring effect in the Treaty of the Pyrenees (1659), which ceded the County of Roussillon and the northern half of the County of Cerdanya to France (see French Cerdagne), splitting these northern Catalan territories off from the Principality of Catalonia and the Crown of Aragon, and thereby receding the borders of Spain to the Pyrenees. Background The war had its roots in the discomfort generated in Catalan society by the presence of the royal army (made mostly of mercenaries from different nationalities) during the Franco-Spanish War (1635–59), Franco-Spanish War between the Kingdom of France and the Monarchy of Spain as part of the Thirty Years' War. Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares, the chief minister of Philip IV of Spain, Philip I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of The Pyrenees
The Treaty of the Pyrenees (french: Traité des Pyrénées; es, Tratado de los Pirineos; ca, Tractat dels Pirineus) was signed on 7 November 1659 on Pheasant Island, and ended the Franco-Spanish War that had begun in 1635. Negotiations were conducted on Pheasant Island, situated in the middle of the Bidasoa River on the border between the two countries, which has remained a French-Spanish condominium ever since. It was signed by Louis XIV of France and Philip IV of Spain, as well as their chief ministers, Cardinal Mazarin and Don Luis Méndez de Haro. Background France entered the Thirty Years' War after the Spanish Habsburg victories in the Dutch Revolt in the 1620s and at the Battle of Nördlingen against Sweden in 1634. By 1640, France began to interfere in Spanish politics, aiding the revolt in Catalonia, while Spain responded by aiding the Fronde revolt in France in 1648. During the negotiations for the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, France gained the Sundgau and cut o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1642 In Spain
Events in the year 1642 in Spain. Incumbents *Monarch - Philip IV Events *March 4 - Siege of São Filipe near Angra do Heroismo in Azores ends with Portuguese victory *March 28 - Catalan Revolt: Battle of Montmeló *June 29-July 3 - Battle of Barcelona *August - The Dutch drive the Spanish out of their colony of Spanish Formosa and regain control. Sebastián Hurtado de Corcuera, governor of the Philippines, is blamed for the loss of Formosa and eventually tried in court for his actions. *September 9 - Siege of Perpignan (1642). 500 Spanish survive out of original garrison of 3,000J. Sanabre. ''La acción de Francia en Cataluña en la pugna por la hegemonía de Europa'' (1640-1659). Barcelona, 1956 *October 7 - Battle of Lerida (1642) Deaths *November 5 - Luis de Valdivia, Jesuit missionary (born 1560 Year 1560 ( MDLX) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 7 – I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1641 In Spain
Incumbents *Monarch - Philip IV Events *January 17 - Catalan Revolt: Proclamation of the Catalan Republic *January 26 - Catalan Revolt: Battle of Montjuïc (1641) *March 27 - Portuguese Restoration War: beginning of the Siege of São Filipe near Angra do Heroismo in Azores *July 4–6 - Naval Battle of Tarragona (July 1641) *August 20–25 - Battle of Tarragona (August 1641) * Andalusian independentist conspiracy (1641) *November 4 - Franco-Spanish War (1635-1659): beginning of the Siege of Perpignan (1642) Births Deaths *November 9 - Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand (also known as Don Fernando de Austria, Cardenal-Infante Fernando de España and as Ferdinand von Österreich; May 1609 or 1610 – 9 November 1641) was Governor of the Spanish Netherlands, Cardinal of the Holy Catholic ..., younger brother of Philip IV (b. 1609 or 1610) References * * * {{Year in Europe, 1641 1640s in Spain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1642 In France
Events of the year "1642 in France". Incumbents *Monarch: Louis XIII Events *11-12 June: : Henri Coiffier de Ruzé, Marquis of Cinq-Mars, personal favourite of the king, and Gaston, Duke of Orléans, the king's brother, plot against Cardinal Richelieu, the prime minister. Cinq-Mars attempts to get support for the rebellion from Philip IV of Spain but Richelieu's spy service catches him doing so and he is imprisoned and beheaded in the Place des Terreaux in Lyon for high treason along with another conspirator, François Auguste de Thou. *9 September: Reapers' War: Siege of Perpignan: Perpignan is conquered by Franco-Catalan forces led by Charles de La Porte after a 10-month siege. * Briare Canal opens throughout, the first summit level canal in Europe built using pound locks. Births *6 January: Julien Garnier, Jesuit missionary to Canada (d. 1730) *18 February: Marie Champmeslé, actress (d. 1698) *21 April: Simon de la Loubère, diplomat, writer, mathematician and poet (d. 1729) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1641 In France
Events from the year 1641 in France. Incumbents *Monarch: Louis XIII Events * * * * * * * René Descartes' ''Meditations on First Philosophy'' is originally published. Births * * * * * * * * January 18 – François-Michel le Tellier, Marquis de Louvois, French war minister (d. 1691) * February 2 – Claude de la Colombière, French Jesuit priest and saint (d. 1682) * June 15 – Bernard de la Monnoye, French lawyer (d. 1728) * June 28 – Marie Casimire Louise de La Grange d'Arquien (d. 1716) * June 29 – Pierre Cholonec, French Jesuit missionary and biographer in New France (d. 1723) * September 1 – Jean Barbier d'Aucour, French lawyer and satirist (d. 1694) * November 17 – André, marquis de Nesmond, French naval commander (d. 1702) * December 7 – Louis, Count of Armagnac, French noble (d. 1718) ** Pierre Allix, French Protestant clergyman (d. 1717 Events January–March * January 1 – Count Carl Gyllenborg, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sieges Involving Spain
A siege is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or a well-prepared assault. This derives from la, sedere, lit=to sit. Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static, defensive position. Consequently, an opportunity for negotiation between combatants is common, as proximity and fluctuating advantage can encourage diplomacy. The art of conducting and resisting sieges is called siege warfare, siegecraft, or poliorcetics. A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a quick assault, and which refuses to surrender. Sieges involve surrounding the target to block the provision of supplies and the reinforcement or escape of troops (a tactic known as "investment"). This is typically coupled with attempts to reduce the fortifications by means of siege engines, artillery bombardment, mining (also known as sapping), or the us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sieges Involving France
A siege is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or a well-prepared assault. This derives from la, sedere, lit=to sit. Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static, defensive position. Consequently, an opportunity for negotiation between combatants is common, as proximity and fluctuating advantage can encourage diplomacy. The art of conducting and resisting sieges is called siege warfare, siegecraft, or poliorcetics. A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a quick assault, and which refuses to surrender. Sieges involve surrounding the target to block the provision of supplies and the reinforcement or escape of troops (a tactic known as "investment"). This is typically coupled with attempts to reduce the fortifications by means of siege engines, artillery bombardment, mining (also known as sapping), or the use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Of The Reapers' War
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and Battle of Stalingrad, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, wherea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roussillon
Roussillon ( , , ; ca, Rosselló ; oc, Rosselhon ) is a historical province of France that largely corresponded to the County of Roussillon and part of the County of Cerdagne of the former Principality of Catalonia. It is part of the region of ''Northern Catalonia'' or ''French Catalonia'' (the former used by Catalan-speakers and the latter used by French-speakers), corresponding roughly to the present-day southern French ''département'' of Pyrénées-Orientales (with Roussillon, Conflent, and Fenouillèdes) in the former region of Languedoc-Roussillon (today Occitanie). History The name ''Roussillon'' is derived from Ruscino (Rosceliona, Castel Rossello), a small fortified place near modern-day Perpignan where Gaulish chieftains met to consider Hannibal's request for a conference. The region formed part of the Roman province of Gallia Narbonensis from 121 BC to AD 462, when it was ceded with the rest of Septimania to the Visigoth Theodoric II. His successor, Amalaric, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort De Salses
The Fort de Salses (also called Forteresse de Salses) is a Catalan fortress in the ''commune'' of Salses-le-Château, situated in the French ''département'' of Pyrénées-Orientales. It is clearly visible from the A9 autoroute as well as the train line between Perpignan and Narbonne and it is possible to visit from the motorway rest area and the local train station. Built by the Aragonese at the end of the 15th century, the fortress guarded the former frontier between Principality of Catalonia and France. Its layout and architecture, innovative for the time, present a rare example of the transition between medieval castle and the fortresses of the modern period. The fort was captured by the French in 1642, and remained French after the Treaty of the Pyrenees. Fort de Salses is listed as a ''monument historique'' by the French Ministry of Culture, and is operated by the ''Centre des monuments nationaux''. The fortress receives 100,000 visitors a year. During the Spanish Civil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
