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Shōō (Kamakura Period)
was a after ''Kōan'' and before ''Einin.'' This period spanned the years from April 1288 through August 1293. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1288 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Kōan'' 11. Events of the ''Shōō'' era * April 16, 1288 (''Shōō 1, 15th day of the 3rd month''): The accession of Emperor Fushimi took place. * 1288 (''Shōō 1''): Oracles of the three deities — Amaterasu, Hachiman and Kasuga appeared on the surface of the pond at Todaiji in Nara. * May 26, 1293 (''Shōō 6, 13th day of the 4th month''): An earthquake in Kamakura, Japan kills an estimated 23,000. Notes References * Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005) ''Japan encyclopedia.''Cambridge: Harvard University Press. OCLC 58053128* Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Nihon Odai Ichiran''; ou ''Annales des empereurs du Japon.'' Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shōsōin
The is the treasure house of Tōdai-ji Temple in Nara, Japan. The building is in the ''azekura'' ( log-cabin) style with a raised floor. It lies to the northwest of the Great Buddha Hall. The Shōsō-in houses artifacts connected to Emperor Shōmu (聖武天皇)(701–756) and Empress Kōmyō (光明皇后)(701–760), as well as arts and crafts of the Tempyō (天平) era of Japanese history. History The construction of the Tōdai-ji Buddhist temple complex was ordained by Emperor Shōmu as part of a national project of Buddhist temple construction. During the Tempyō period, the years during which Emperor Shōmu reigned, multiple disasters struck Japan as well as political uproar and epidemics. Because of these reasons Emperor Shōmu launched a project of provincial temples. The Tōdai-ji was appointed as the head temple of these provincial temples. Emperor Shōmu was a strong supporter of Buddhism and he thought it would strengthen his central authority as well. The orig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Era Name
The , also known as , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being ""), followed by the literal "" meaning "year". Era names originated in 140 BCE in China, during the reign of the Emperor Wu of Han. As elsewhere in East Asia, the use of era names was originally derived from Chinese imperial practice, although the Japanese system is independent of the Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese era-naming systems. Unlike these other similar systems, Japanese era names are still in use. Government offices usually require era names and years for official papers. The five era names used since the end of the Edo period in 1868 can be abbreviated by taking the first letter of their romanized names. For example, S55 means Shōwa 55 (i.e. 1980), and H22 stands for Heisei 22 (2010). At 62 years and 2 weeks, Shōwa is the longest era to date. The c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kōan (Kamakura Period)
was a after ''Kenji'' and before '' Shōō.'' This period spanned the years from February 1278 through April 1288. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * 1278 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Kenji'' 4. Events of the ''Kōan'' era * August 15, 1281 (''Kōan 4, 7th day of the intercalary 7th month''): Battle of Kōan -- The second Mongol invasion of Japan is foiled, as a large typhoon – famously called a ''kamikaze'', or divine wind – destroys much of the combined Chinese and Korean fleet and forces, numbering over 140,000 men and 4,000 ships. * November 27, 1287 (''Kōan 10, 21st day of the 10th month''): In the 14th year of Go-Uda''-tennō''s reign (後宇多天皇14年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (‘‘senso’’) was received by his cousin. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Fushimi is said to have acceded to the throne (‘‘sokui’’).Titsingh, p. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Einin
was a after '' Shōō'' and before ''Shōan.'' This period spanned the years from August 1293 through April 1299. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * 1293 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Shō'ō'' 6. Events of the ''Einen'' era * August 30, 1298 (''Einin 6, 22nd day of the 7th month''): In the 11th year of Fushimi''-tennō''s reign (伏見天皇11年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (''senso'') was received by his son. * November 17, 1298 (''Einin 6, 13th day of the 10th month''): Emperor Go-Fushimi is said to have acceded to the throne (''sokui'') and the ''nengō'' was changed to ''Shōan'' to mark the beginning of a new emperor's reign. * 1299 (''Einin 7''): The 8th rector of the nunnery at Hokkeji died.Meeks, Lori Rachelle. (2010). Notes References * Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005) ''Japan encyclopedia.''Cambridge: Harvard University Pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Fushimi
was the 92nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1287 through 1298. Name Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his ''imina'') was . Although the Roman-alphabet spelling of the name of this 13th-century emperor is the same as the personal name of the 20th century Emperor Shōwa, the kanji are different: * Emperor Fushimi, formerly Prince Hirohito (熈仁) * Emperor Shōwa, also known as Emperor Hirohito (裕仁) Genealogy He was the second son of Emperor Go-Fukakusa. They were from the Jimyōin-tō line. *Empress: Saionji (Fujiwara) Shoshi (西園寺（藤原）鏱子) later Eifukumon’In (永福門院), Saionji Sanekane‘s daughter *Consort: Tōin (Fujiwara) Sueko (洞院（藤原）季子) later Kenshinmon-in (顕親門院; 1265-1336), Tōin Saneo‘s daughter **First daughter: Imperial Princess Jushi (甝子内親王; 1287-1310）later Sakuheimon-in (朔平門院） **Third ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Breen (scholar)
John Lawrence Breen (born 3 March 1956) is a British academic and Japanologist. He is a specialist in Japanese history at the in Kyoto. He writes in English and Japanese on the history of Shinto and the imperial institution. Early life Breen was awarded his BA at the University of Cambridge in 1979. He earned a Ph.D. in 1993 at Cambridge. Career From 1985 through 2008, Breen was a Lecturer, Senior Lecturer and Reader in Japanese at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London. He is currently Professor at the International Research Centre for Japanese Studies. He is also Editor-in-Chief of the peer-reviewed journal ''Japan Review''. Breen's critical examination of religious practices in Japan has been informed by his historical research. Historicity is construed as a fundamental component of Breen's view of Shinto.Rambelli, Fabio "Dismantling stereotypes surrounding Japan's sacred entities,"''Japan Times.'' July 15, 2001 Breen's work on Shinto is influenced by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mark Teeuwen
Mark J. Teeuwen (Marcus Jacobus Teeuwen, born 9 February 1966, Eindhoven) is a Dutch academic and Japanologist. He is an expert in Japanese religious practices, and he is a professor at the University of Oslo.University of Oslo faculty CV/ref> In a 2002 essay called From Jindō to Shinto: A Concept Takes Shape, he traced the evolution of the term "Shinto" from the reconstructed pronunciation ''Jindō'' at the time of the Nihon Shoki until today, describing the changes its meaning has gone through. Early life Teeuwen was awarded his MA at the University of Leiden in 1989. His earned a Ph.D. at Leiden in 1996. Career From 1994 through 1999, Teeuwen was a Lecturer at the Japanese Studies Centre, University of Wales in Cardiff. Since 1999, he has been Professor of Japanese at the University of Oslo. Teeuwen's critical examination of religious practices in Japan is considered ground-breaking. His published work has been informed by his historical research. Historicity is construed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1293 Kamakura Earthquake
The 1293 Kamakura earthquake in Japan occurred at about 06:00 local time on 27 May 1293. It had an estimated magnitude of 7.1–7.5 and triggered a tsunami. The estimated death toll was 23,024. It occurred during the Kamakura period, and the city of Kamakura was seriously damaged. In the confusion following the quake, Hōjō Sadatoki, the Shikken of the Kamakura shogunate, carried out a purge against his subordinate Taira no Yoritsuna. In what is referred to as the Heizen Gate Incident, Yoritsuna and 90 of his followers were killed. It has been suggested that the reference to a large tsunami may be incorrect, although a tsunami deposit has been found that is consistent with this age. See also * List of earthquakes in Japan * List of historical earthquakes References 1293 Kamakura earthquake The 1293 Kamakura earthquake in Japan occurred at about 06:00 local time on 27 May 1293. It had an estimated magnitude of 7.1–7.5 and triggered a tsunami. The estimate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kamakura, Kanagawa
is a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Kamakura has an estimated population of 172,929 (1 September 2020) and a population density of 4,359 persons per km² over the total area of . Kamakura was designated as a city on 3 November 1939. Kamakura was the ''de facto'' capital of Japan from 1185 to 1333 as the seat of the Kamakura Shogunate, and became the nation's most populous settlement during the Kamakura period. Kamakura is a popular domestic tourist destination in Japan as a coastal city with a high number of seasonal festivals, as well as ancient Buddhist and Shinto shrines and temples. Geography Surrounded to the north, east, and west by hills and to the south by the open water of Sagami Bay, Kamakura is a natural fortress. Before the construction of several tunnels and modern roads that now connect it to Fujisawa, Ofuna ( ja) and Zushi, on land it could be entered only through narrow artificial passes, among which the seven most important were called , a name some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvard University Press
Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing. It is a member of the Association of American University Presses. After the retirement of William P. Sisler in 2017, the university appointed as Director George Andreou. The press maintains offices in Cambridge, Massachusetts near Harvard Square, and in London, England. The press co-founded the distributor TriLiteral LLC with MIT Press and Yale University Press. TriLiteral was sold to LSC Communications in 2018. Notable authors published by HUP include Eudora Welty, Walter Benjamin, E. O. Wilson, John Rawls, Emily Dickinson, Stephen Jay Gould, Helen Vendler, Carol Gilligan, Amartya Sen, David Blight, Martha Nussbaum, and Thomas Piketty. The Display Room in Harvard Square, dedicated to selling HUP publications, closed on June 17, 2009. Related publishers, imprints, and series HUP owns the Belknap Press imprint, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaac Titsingh
Isaac Titsingh FRS ( January 1745 – 2 February 1812) was a Dutch diplomat, historian, Japanologist, and merchant.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Isaak Titsingh" in . During a long career in East Asia, Titsingh was a senior official of the Dutch East India Company ( nl, Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC)). He represented the European trading company in exclusive official contact with Tokugawa Japan, traveling to Edo twice for audiences with the shogun and other high bakufu officials. He was the Dutch and VOC governor general in Chinsura, Bengal.Stephen R. Platt, ''Imperial Twilight: the Opium War and the End of China's Last Golden Age'' (NY: Knopf, 2018), 166-73. Titsingh worked with his counterpart, Charles Cornwallis, who was governor general of the British East India Company. In 1795, Titsingh represented Dutch and VOC interests in China, where his reception at the court of the Qing Qianlong Emperor stood in contrast to the rebuff suffered by British diplomat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nihon Odai Ichiran
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, and Taiwan in the south. Japan is a part of the Ring of Fire, and spans Japanese archipelago, an archipelago of List of islands of Japan, 6852 islands covering ; the five main islands are Hokkaido, Honshu (the "mainland"), Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa Island, Okinawa. Tokyo is the Capital of Japan, nation's capital and largest city, followed by Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Fukuoka, Kobe, and Kyoto. Japan is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eleventh most populous country in the world, as well as one of the List of countries and dependencies by population density, most densely populated and Urbanization by country, urbanized. About three-fourths of Geography of Japan, the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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