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Shinoridate
The site of in Hakodate, Hokkaidō, Japan, is that once occupied by the Shinori Fort or Fortified Residence (as denoted by the ''tate'' or ''date'' ending). This was the easternmost of the so-called "Twelve Garrisons of Southern Hokkaido", built on the Oshima Peninsula by the '' Wajin'' from the fourteenth century. The site was designated a National Historic Site in 1934 and is one of the Japan Castle Foundation's Continued Top 100 Japanese Castles. Shinori fort Shinoridate is located some to the east of the center of Hakodate, along a stretch of coast with many good natural harbours. A short distance inland from Shinori Fishing Port, with the mouth of the Shinori River to the west, the gently sloping site overlooks the Tsugaru Strait and Shimokita Peninsula, with views also towards Mount Hakodate. The earthworks rise to a height of on the north side and to the south and are interrupted by an opening on both the east and the west sides. The moat is wide on the north and w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hakodate
is a city and port located in Oshima Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. It is the capital city of Oshima Subprefecture. As of July 31, 2011, the city has an estimated population of 279,851 with 143,221 households, and a population density of 412.83 persons per km2 (1,069.2 persons per sq. mi.). The total area is . The city is the third biggest in Hokkaido after Sapporo and Asahikawa. History Hakodate was Japan's first city whose port was opened to foreign trade in 1854, as a result of Convention of Kanagawa, and used to be the most important port in northern Japan. Also, the city had been the biggest city in Hokkaido before the Great Hakodate Fire of 1934. Pre-Meiji restoration Hakodate (like much of other parts of Hokkaido), was originally populated by the Ainu. They lived in the Oshima Peninsula. The name "Hakodate" may have originated from an Ainu word, "hak-casi" ("shallow fort"). Another possibility is that it means "box" or "building" in Japanese which refers to the castl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hokkaidō
is Japan's second largest island and comprises the largest and northernmost prefecture, making up its own region. The Tsugaru Strait separates Hokkaidō from Honshu; the two islands are connected by the undersea railway Seikan Tunnel. The largest city on Hokkaidō is its capital, Sapporo, which is also its only ordinance-designated city. Sakhalin lies about 43 kilometers (26 mi) to the north of Hokkaidō, and to the east and northeast are the Kuril Islands, which are administered by Russia, though the four most southerly are claimed by Japan. Hokkaidō was formerly known as ''Ezo'', ''Yezo'', ''Yeso'', or ''Yesso''. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Hokkaidō" in Although there were Japanese settlers who ruled the southern tip of the island since the 16th century, Hokkaido was considered foreign territory that was inhabited by the indigenous people of the island, known as the Ainu people. While geographers such as Mogami Tokunai and Mamiya Rinzō explored the isla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Twelve Garrisons Of Southern Hokkaido
The Twelve Garrisons of Southern Hokkaido (Japanese: 道南十二館, "Twelve Garrisons of the Southern Circuit") was a general term encompassing the Japanese feudal possessions in southern Ezo (now Hokkaido). The names come from the " Shinra no Kiroku" which describes the history of the Matsumae Domain. It is distributed along the southern coastline of the Oshima peninsula facing the Tsugaru Strait, from the Shimosa Garrison in Hakodate to Hanazawa Garrison in Kaminokuni. These garrisons were possessed by the Ando clan and were important sites for trade between Japanese merchants and the indigenous Ainu. List of garrisons History In the middle of the 10th century, the Aonae culture, a creole between the Satsumon culture and the Haji pottery culture of Honshu, was established as the pre-stage of the establishment of the Ainu culture. The migration of Japanese to the Oshima Peninsula occurred from the end of the Kamakura period to the middle of the Muromachi period. From a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eishō (Muromachi Period)
was a after ''Bunki'' and before ''Daiei''. The period spanned the years from February 1504 through August 1521. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1504 : The era name was changed to mark the beginning of a new cycle of the Chinese zodiac. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Bunki'' 4, on the 30th day of the 2nd month. Events of the ''Eishō'' era * 1504 (''Eishō 1''): A great famine. * 1505 (''Eishō 2''): Noda Castle built. * 1508 (''Eishō 5, 1st month''): A new revolt in Miyako and the assassination of Hosokawa Masamoto encouraged former-Shōgun Ashikaga Yoshitane in believing that this would be a good opportunity to re-take Heian-kyō. He assembled his troops and marched at their head towards the capital; and by the 6th month of ''Eishō'' 5, he was once more in command of the streets of Miyako. Starting in 1508, Yoshitane is known as the Muromachi period's 10th shōgun.Titsingh p. 367./ref> * September 21, 1510 (''Eishō 7, 18th day of the 8th mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matsumae Domain
The was a Japanese clan that was confirmed in the possession of the area around Matsumae, Hokkaidō as a march fief in 1590 by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and charged with defending it, and by extension the whole of Japan, from the Ainu "barbarians" of the north. The clan, originally known as the Kakizaki clan (蠣崎氏), had settled in Kakizaki, Kawauchi, Mutsu on the Shimokita Peninsula. Claiming descent from the Takeda clan of Wakasa Province, the family later took the name Matsumae. In exchange for their service in defending the country, the Matsumae were made exempt from owing rice to the shogunate in tribute, and from the ''sankin-kōtai'' system, under which most ''daimyōs'' (feudal lords of Edo period Japan) were required to spend half the year at Edo, while their families spent the entire year at Edo and were, essentially, held hostage to prevent rebellion. Relations with the Ainu and Russia Due to their location, and their role as border defenders, the Matsumae wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shinra No Kiroku
or "Record of Shinra" is an early-Edo period Japanese domainal history. The chronicle is also known as or . It was compiled in 1643 by , the sixth son of Matsumae Yoshihiro, first daimyō of the . Its two scrolls recount the early history of the Matsumae clan and describe the extension of '' Wajin'' influence over Ezo and encounters with the Ainu. The history is named after Shinra Saburō, an alias of Minamoto no Yoshimitsu, from whom the Matsumae clan claimed descent. The original text from 1643 is preserved in private hands in Okushiri and is the earliest extended record of Hokkaidō. See also * List of Cultural Properties of Japan - writings (Hokkaidō) This list is of the Cultural Properties of Japan designated in the categories of and for the Circuit of Hokkaidō. National Cultural Properties Calligraphic works and classical texts As of 1 November 2016, one Important Cultural Property has ... * Koshamain's War References {{Reflist External links Scroll OneScrol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chōroku
was a after ''Kōshō'' and before ''Kanshō.'' This period spanned the years from September 1457 through December 1460. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1457 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events. The old era ended and a new one commenced in ''Kōshō'' 3. Events of the ''Chōroku'' era * 1457 (''Chōroku 1): Tarō Sayemon attempted to retrieve the Sacred Jewel for Emperor Go-Hanazono; and he actually did manage to gain possession of it for a brief time. A counterattack prevented the success of this dangerous mission in Yoshino. In 1443 (''Kakitsu 3, 23rd day of the 9th month''), an armed group of rebels penetrated the palace defenses. A fire was started and one of the men sought to kill Emperor Go-Hanazono, but the emperor escaped. However, the intruders managed to steal the Sacred Treasures – the mirror, the sword and the jewel. Later, a guard found the mirror and a priest found the sword, but the location of jewel was not known un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koshamain's War
was an armed struggle between the Ainu and Wajin that took place on the Oshima Peninsula of southern Hokkaidō, Japan, in 1457. Escalating out of a dispute over the purchase of a sword, Koshamain and his followers sacked , before being overcome by superior forces under Takeda Nobuhiro. The principal record of the conflict is ''Shinra no Kiroku or "Record of Shinra" is an early-Edo period Japanese domainal history. The chronicle is also known as or . It was compiled in 1643 by , the sixth son of Matsumae Yoshihiro, first daimyō of the . Its two scrolls recount the early history of the ...''. See also * Shakushain's revolt * Menashi-Kunashir rebellion References {{Reflist Ainu history History of Hokkaido Conflicts in 1457 15th century in Japan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ainu People
The Ainu are the indigenous people of the lands surrounding the Sea of Okhotsk, including Hokkaido Island, Northeast Honshu Island, Sakhalin Island, the Kuril Islands, the Kamchatka Peninsula and Khabarovsk Krai, before the arrival of the Yamato Japanese and Russians. These regions are referred to as in historical Japanese texts. Official estimates place the total Ainu population of Japan at 25,000. Unofficial estimates place the total population at 200,000 or higher, as the near-total assimilation of the Ainu into Japanese society has resulted in many individuals of Ainu descent having no knowledge of their ancestry. As of 2000, the number of "pure" Ainu was estimated at about 300 people. In 1966, there were about 300 native Ainu speakers; in 2008, however, there were about 100. Names This people's most widely known ethnonym, "Ainu" ( ain, ; ja, アイヌ; russian: Айны) means "human" in the Ainu language, particularly as opposed to , divine beings. Ainu also i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Creative Commons
Creative Commons (CC) is an American non-profit organization and international network devoted to educational access and expanding the range of creative works available for others to build upon legally and to share. The organization has released several copyright licenses, known as Creative Commons licenses, free of charge to the public. These licenses allow authors of creative works to communicate which rights they reserve and which rights they waive for the benefit of recipients or other creators. An easy-to-understand one-page explanation of rights, with associated visual symbols, explains the specifics of each Creative Commons license. Content owners still maintain their copyright, but Creative Commons licenses give standard releases that replace the individual negotiations for specific rights between copyright owner (licensor) and licensee, that are necessary under an "all rights reserved" copyright management. The organization was founded in 2001 by Lawrence Lessig, Hal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matsumae Clan
The was a Japanese clan that was confirmed in the possession of the area around Matsumae, Hokkaidō as a march fief in 1590 by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and charged with defending it, and by extension the whole of Japan, from the Ainu "barbarians" of the north. The clan, originally known as the Kakizaki clan (蠣崎氏), had settled in Kakizaki, Kawauchi, Mutsu on the Shimokita Peninsula. Claiming descent from the Takeda clan of Wakasa Province, the family later took the name Matsumae. In exchange for their service in defending the country, the Matsumae were made exempt from owing rice to the shogunate in tribute, and from the ''sankin-kōtai'' system, under which most ''daimyōs'' (feudal lords of Edo period Japan) were required to spend half the year at Edo, while their families spent the entire year at Edo and were, essentially, held hostage to prevent rebellion. Relations with the Ainu and Russia Due to their location, and their role as border defenders, the Matsumae wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hakodate City Museum
is a museum of history and natural history in Hakodate Park, Hakodate, Hokkaidō, Japan. The forerunner of the current museum, the Hakodate Provisional Museum, building one, opened in May 1879, the second building in 1884, and the third building (later demolished) in 1891. In 1932 the first building became the Fisheries Pavilion and the second the Indigenous Peoples Pavilion. Legislation to create the current museum was passed in 1948, and the Hakodate City Museum opened in April 1966. Gallery Image:Former Hakodate Museum 1.jpg, Former First Museum Building Image:Former Hakodate Museum 2.jpg, Former Second Museum Building Image:Former Hakodate Museum 3.jpg, Former Third Museum Building See also * Hakodate City Museum of Northern Peoples * List of Cultural Properties of Japan - paintings (Hokkaidō) * List of Cultural Properties of Japan - historical materials (Hokkaidō) * Shiryōkaku (literally, "four-point fort") is a fort in the city of Hakodate in southern Hokkaidō, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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