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Shapour Marhaba
Shapour Marhaba ( fa, شاپور مرحبا; born 1957) is an Iranian politician. Marhaba was elected from the Astara electoral district to the 4th, 5th (By-election) and 7th Iranian legislative elections. Biography Shapour Marhaba's brother Yosuf Marhaba was assassinated by the Mujahedin on 22 August 1981 while he was prosecutor of Astara. After this Shapour was also targeted in an assassination plot on 29 August 1981 when he was a key member of Astara's IRGC, but he survived. Marhaba was then elected three times to represent the city. Marhaba was: * President of the Iran–Georgia Friendship Group, * President of the Iran–Bulgaria Friendship Group, * Vice President of the Iran–Azerbaijan Friendship Group, and * Vice President of the Iran–Romania Friendship Group in the Iranian Parliament. Shapour Marhaba was banned by the Council of Guardians from taking part in the 2012 and 2016 Iranian legislative elections. Electoral history Books # Report to the hon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Consultative Assembly
The Islamic Consultative Assembly ( fa, مجلس شورای اسلامی, Majles-e Showrā-ye Eslāmī), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the national legislative body of Iran. The Parliament currently consists of 290 representatives, an increase from the previous 272 seats since the 18 February 2000 election. The most recent election took place on 21 February 2020 and the new parliament convened on 28 May 2020. History Islamic Republic of Iran After the Iranian Revolution of 1979, the Senate of Iran was abolished and was effectively replaced by the Guardian Council thus the Iranian legislature remained bicameral. In the 1989 revision of the constitution, the ''National Consultative Assembly'' became the ''Islamic Consultative Assembly''. The Parliament of Iran has had six chairmen since the Iranian Revolution. Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani was the first chairman, from 1980 to 1989. Then came Mehdi Karroubi (1989– ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1996 Iranian Legislative Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iran on 8 March 1996, with a second round on 19 April. The Combatant Clergy Association and its allies emerged as the largest bloc in the Majlis, winning 110 of the 270 seats. Electoral system The constitution approved in a December 1979 referendum provided for a 270-seat Majlis, with five seats reserved for minority groups including Jews, Zorastrians, Armenians from the north and south of the country and one jointly elected by Assyrians and Chaldeans.Iran IPU The elections were conducted using a , with the number of candidates progressing to the second round being double the number of seats available. Candidates required an absolute majority to win a seat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Parliament
The Islamic Consultative Assembly ( fa, مجلس شورای اسلامی, Majles-e Showrā-ye Eslāmī), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the national legislative body of Iran. The Parliament currently consists of 290 representatives, an increase from the previous 272 seats since the 18 February 2000 election. The most recent election took place on 21 February 2020 and the new parliament convened on 28 May 2020. History Islamic Republic of Iran After the Iranian Revolution of 1979, the Senate of Iran was abolished and was effectively replaced by the Guardian Council thus the Iranian legislature remained bicameral. In the 1989 revision of the constitution, the ''National Consultative Assembly'' became the ''Islamic Consultative Assembly''. The Parliament of Iran has had six chairmen since the Iranian Revolution. Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani was the first chairman, from 1980 to 1989. Then came Mehdi Karroubi (1989–1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free Trade Zone
A free-trade zone (FTZ) is a class of special economic zone. It is a geographic area where goods may be imported, stored, handled, manufactured, or reconfigured and re- exported under specific customs regulation and generally not subject to customs duty. Free trade zones are generally organized around major seaports, international airports, and national frontiers—areas with many geographic advantages for trade. Definition The World Bank defines free trade zones as "small, fenced-in, duty-free areas, offering warehousing, storage, and distribution facilities for trade, transshipment, and re-export operations". Free-trade zones can also be defined as labor-intensive manufacturing centers that involve the import of raw materials or components and the export of factory products, but this is a dated definition as more and more free-trade zones focus on service industries such as software, back-office operations, research, and financial services. Synonyms Free-trade zones are refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Library Of Iran
The National Library and Archives of Iran (NLAI) or National Library of the Islamic Republic of Iran is located in Tehran, Iran, with twelve branches across the country. The NLAI is an educational, research, scientific, and service institute authorized by the Islamic Consultative Assembly. Its president is appointed by the President of Iran. The NLAI is the largest library in the Middle East and includes more than fifteen-million items in its collections.Kent, Allen and Lancour, Harold and Daily, Jay E. (eds.). "Iran, Libraries". ''Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science''. vol. 13. New York: Marcel Dekker. pp. 26–28 History Iran's national library and national archives began as separate institutions. In 2002, the two merged to form the National Library and Archives of Iran, but continue to operate in two independent buildings. Library The prototype of a national library in Iran was the Library of Dar al-Funun College, established in 1851. The college's small libra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2008 Iranian Legislative Election
Legislative elections for Majlis of Iran were held on 14 March 2008, with a second round held on 25 April 2008. Conservatives loyal to President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad were considered the victors of the election, at least in part because "all the most prominent" reformist candidates were disqualified from running. Qualification of candidates and campaign A few months before the election on December 14, 2007, twenty-one moderate and reformist parties formed a coalition centered on Mohammad Khatami to increase their chances in the election. However, around 1,700 candidates were barred from running by the Guardian Council vetting body, the Supervisory and Executive Election Boards, on the grounds that they were not sufficiently loyal to the Iranian revolution. These included 90% of "independent and reformist candidates," 19 sitting MPs, and Ayatollah Khomeini's grandson, Ali Eshraghi, who complained, "What saddens me most is the method of discernment used y the Council of Guardians . . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2000 Iranian Legislative Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iran on 18 February 2000, with a second round on 5 May. The result was a solid victory for 2nd of Khordad Front and its allies, the reformist supporters of President Mohammad Khatami. Campaign A total of 6,083 candidates contested the elections. 225 of the 290 seats were won in the first round of voting. Registration process took place between 11 and 16 December 1999. Main reformist coalition lists were "2nd of Khordad Press" and "Coalition of 15 Groups Supporting 2nd of Khordad" (including 11 out of 18 members in the 2nd of Khordad Front) and main principlist coalition was Coalition of Followers of the Line of Imam and Leader. Rest of lists were issued by solitary parties. For the first time Council of Nationalist-Religious Activists of Iran issued an electoral list and was able to win two exclusive seats ( Alireza Rajaei in Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr and Rahman Kargosha in Arak, Komijan and Khondab) but the Guardian Council dec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1984 Iranian Legislative Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iran on 15 April 1984, with a second round on 17 May. The majority of seats were won by independents, whilst the Islamic Republican Party was the only party to win seats. Voter turnout was 65.1% in the first round. The Freedom Movement of Iran declared that it would boycott the elections after its headquarters was attacked and the authorities refused to permit the party to hold two seminars. Background The election was held under conditions of severe sanctions on politic and economical sector as well as war with Iraq's Baathist government ( Iran-Iraq War). This election was also first time since 1979 revolution which only one political party were allowed to participated (as other political parties were banned & even dissolved before this election). Conduct The election was held under conditions of war with Iraq's Baathist government ( Iran-Iraq War), caused many cities in border with Iraq were severely destroyed (or could not hold direct electi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2016 Iranian Legislative Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iran on 26 February 2016 to elect members of the Islamic Consultative Assembly for all seats in the 10th parliament in the Islamic Republic era and the 34th since the Persian Constitutional Revolution. A second round was held on 29 April 2016 for some constituencies where candidates failed to obtain the required minimum 25 percent of votes cast. The elected MPs served from 28 May 2016 to 27 May 2020. The election was held as part of a general election which also elected members of the Assembly of Experts. This election was the first time that both bodies were elected simultaneously. There were 54,915,024 registered voters (in Iran, the voting age is 18). More than 12,000 people filed to run for office. 5,200 candidates, mostly Reformists, were rejected by the Guardian Council and 612 individuals withdrew. Electoral system The 290-seat Islamic Consultative Assembly has 285 directly elected members and five seats reserved for the Zoroastria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012 Iranian Legislative Election
, seats5 = 9 , percentage5 = 3.10% , colour6 = 000000 , image6 = , leader6 = Shahabodin Sadr , alliance6 = Insight and Islamic Awakening Front , party6 = — , leaders_seat6 = Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr(''disqualified'') , seats6 = 7 , percentage6 = 2.41% , colour7 = FFFF00 , image7 = , leader7 = Ali Motahari , alliance7 = People's Voice , party7 = — , leaders_seat7 = Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr , seats7 = 2 , percentage7 = 0.68% , colour8 = 228B22 , image8 = , leader8 = ''Mohammad Khatami'' , alliance8 =''Council for coordinating the Reforms Front'' , party8 = — , leaders_seat8 = ''Did not stand'' , seats8 = — , percentage8 = ''0''% , title = Speaker , before_election = Ali Larijani , after_election = Ali Larijani , before_party = United Front of Principlists , after_party = United Front of Principlists The parliamentary election for the 9th Islamic Consultative Assembly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of Guardians
The Guardian Council, (also called Council of Guardians or Constitutional Council, fa, شورای نگهبان, Shourā-ye Negahbān) is an appointed and constitutionally mandated 12-member council that wields considerable power and influence in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The constitution of the Islamic Republic gives the council three mandates: :a) veto power over legislation passed by the parliament (Majles); :b) supervision of elections; and :c) approving or disqualifying candidates seeking to run in local, parliamentary, presidential, or Assembly of Experts elections. The Iranian constitution calls for the council to be composed of six Islamic faqihs (experts in Islamic Law), "conscious of the present needs and the issues of the day" to be selected by the Supreme Leader of Iran, and six jurists, "specializing in different areas of law, to be elected by the Majlis (the Iranian Parliament) from among the Muslim jurists nominated by the Chief Justice", (who, in turn, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Parliament
The Islamic Consultative Assembly ( fa, مجلس شورای اسلامی, Majles-e Showrā-ye Eslāmī), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the national legislative body of Iran. The Parliament currently consists of 290 representatives, an increase from the previous 272 seats since the 18 February 2000 election. The most recent election took place on 21 February 2020 and the new parliament convened on 28 May 2020. History Islamic Republic of Iran After the Iranian Revolution of 1979, the Senate of Iran was abolished and was effectively replaced by the Guardian Council thus the Iranian legislature remained bicameral. In the 1989 revision of the constitution, the ''National Consultative Assembly'' became the ''Islamic Consultative Assembly''. The Parliament of Iran has had six chairmen since the Iranian Revolution. Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani was the first chairman, from 1980 to 1989. Then came Mehdi Karroubi (1989–1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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