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Shanti Committee
East Pakistan Central Peace Committee ( bn, পূর্ব পাকিস্তান কেন্দ্রীয় শান্তি কমিটি; ur, مشرقی پاکستان مرکزی امن کمیٹی), also known as the Nagorik Shanti Committee (Citizen's Peace Committee), or more commonly Peace Committee or Shanti Committee, was one of several committees formed in East Pakistan (present-day Bangladesh) in 1971 by the Pakistan Army to aid its efforts in crushing the rebellion for Bangladesh independence. Nurul Amin, as a leader of Pakistan Democratic Party, led the formation of the Shanti Committee to thwart the Mukti Bahini who fought for the independence of Bangladesh. Background On 25 March 1971, the liberation war began. On 4 April 1971, twelve pro-Pakistan leaders, including Nurul Amin, Ghulam Azam and Khwaja Khairuddin, met General Tikka Khan of the Pakistan Army and assured him of co-operation in opposing the Bangladesh rebellion. After subsequent meetings, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Pakistan
East Pakistan was a Pakistani province established in 1955 by the One Unit Scheme, One Unit Policy, renaming the province as such from East Bengal, which, in modern times, is split between India and Bangladesh. Its land borders were with India and Myanmar, with a coastline on the Bay of Bengal. East Pakistanis were popularly known as "Pakistani Bengalis"; to distinguish this region from India's state West Bengal (which is also known as "Indian Bengal"), East Pakistan was known as "Pakistani Bengal". In 1971, East Pakistan became the newly independent state Bangladesh, which means "country of Bengal" in Bengali. East Pakistan was renamed from East Bengal by the One Unit Scheme of Pakistani Prime Minister Mohammad Ali of Bogra. The Constitution of Pakistan of 1956 replaced the Pakistani monarchy with an Islamic republic. Bengali politician H. S. Suhrawardy served as the Prime Minister of Pakistan between 1956 and 1957 and a Bengali bureaucrat Iskander Mirza became the first Presid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Market, Dhaka
New Market () is a commercial shopping market in north of Azimpur, Dhaka. It is situated on the opposite side of Chandni Chowk. History The market was set up 1954 as a shopping complex, to cater to the needs of the people from the residential areas of University of Dhaka, Azimpur and Dhanmondi. Construction began in 1952, on 35 acres of land during the tenure of Nurul Amin as the Chief Minister of East Bengal ur, , common_name = East Bengal , status = Province of the Dominion of Pakistan , p1 = Bengal Presidency , flag_p1 = Flag of British Bengal.svg , s1 = East .... Construction ended in 1954. Today the market has multiple buildings as well as sidewalk vendors. Architecture New Market area is triangular in shape with high arched entry gates on three sides. There were spaces for 440 shops and a triangular lawn at the center. The total area was of land. Legacy During 1950's to early 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Shams (East Pakistan)
The Al-Shams ( bn, আল শামস) was an anti-Bangladesh paramilitary wing of several Islamist parties in East Pakistan composed of local Bengalis and Muhajirs that along with the Pakistan Army and the Al-Badr, is accused of conducting a mass killing campaign against Bengali nationalists, civilians, religious and ethnic minorities during 1971. The group was banned by the independent government of Bangladesh, but most of its members had fled the country during and after the Bangladesh Liberation War, which led to Bangladesh's independence. Naming and inspirations Al-Shams is an Arabic word meaning 'The Sun' and also the name of a Surah in the Holy Quran, Surat Ash-Shams. Al Shams and Al-Badr were local Bengali and Bihari armed groups formed by the Pakistan Army which were mostly recruited from the student wing of Jamaat-e-Islami to fight out and resist Mukti Bahini. Background On 25 March 1971, after Operation Searchlight, the exiled leadership of what is now Bangladesh dec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Badr (East Pakistan)
The Al-Badr ( bn, আল বদর) was a paramilitary force composed mainly of Bihari Muslims which operated in East Pakistan against the Bengali nationalist movement during the Bangladesh Liberation War, under the patronage of the Pakistani government. Etymology The name Al-Badr means the full moon and refers to the Battle of Badr. History Organization Al-Badr was constituted in September 1971 under the auspices of General Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi, then chief of the Pakistan Army eastern command. Members of Al-Badr were recruited from public schools and madrasas (religious schools). The unit was used for raids and special operations; the Pakistan army command initially planned to use the locally recruited militias (Al-Badr, Razakar, Al-Shams) for policing cities of East Pakistan, and regular army units to defend the border with India. Most members of Al-Badr appear to have been Biharis. Despite their similarities in opposing the independence of Bangladesh, the Raza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Muslim League
The Council Muslim League was a faction of the Pakistan Muslim League that divided from the Convention Muslim League that was supportive of the military regime of the President of Pakistan Gen. Ayub Khan. Sardar Muhammad Zafarullah, Mian Mumtaz Daultana, Sardar Shauket Hyat-Khan, Chaudhry Muhammad Husain Chattha, Khawaja Muhammad Safdar and Chaudhry Zahoor Elahi Chaudhry Zahoor Elahi (1917 - 25 September 1981) was a Pakistani politician who rose to prominence from a small town of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Chaudhry Zahoor Elahi began his career in the police force as a constable but gave it up soon after ... were prominent leaders of the Council Muslim League. References Islamic political parties in Pakistan Muslim League Political parties established in 1962 1962 establishments in Pakistan Defunct political parties in Pakistan Political parties with year of disestablishment missing Muslim League breakaway groups {{Pakistan-party-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biharis
The Biharis () is a demonym given to the inhabitants of the Indian state of Bihar. Bihari people can be separated into three main Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic groups, Bhojpuris, Maithils and Magadhis. They are also further divided into a variety of hereditary caste groups. In Bihar today, the Bihari identity is seen as secondary to caste/clan, linguistic and religious identity but nonetheless is a subset of the larger Indian identity. Biharis can be found throughout India, and in the neighbouring countries of Nepal, Pakistan and Bangladesh. During the Partition of India in 1947, many Bihari Muslims migrated to East Bengal (renamed to East Pakistan; later became Bangladesh). Bihari people are also well represented in the Muhajir people of Pakistan (formerly West Pakistan) because of Partition. History Bihar is one of the longest inhabited places in the world with a history going back to the Neolithic age. Since that time, Biharis have long been involved in some of the most ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami
Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami ( bn, বাংলাদেশ জামায়াতে ইসলামী, Bānglādēsh Jāmāyatē Islāmī, Bangladesh Islamic Assembly), previously known as Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh, or Jamaat for short, was the largest Islamist political party in Bangladesh. On 1 August 2013, the Bangladesh Supreme Court cancelled the registration of the Jamaat-e-Islami, ruling that the party is unfit to contest national elections. Its predecessor, the party (Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan), strongly opposed the independence of Bangladesh and break-up of Pakistan. In 1971, paramilitary forces associated with the party collaborated with the Pakistan Army in mass killings of Bengladeshi nationalists and pro-intellectuals. Upon the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, the new government banned Jamaat-e-Islami from political participation since the government was secular and some of its leaders went into exile in Pakistan. Following the assassination of the first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muslim League (Bangladesh)
Muslim League may refer to: Political parties Subcontinent ; British India *All-India Muslim League, Mohammed Ali Jinah, led the demand for the partition of India resulting in the creation of Pakistan. **Punjab Muslim League, a branch of the organization above. **Unionist Muslim League, the autonomous Punjab unit of the All India Muslim League, under the leadership of Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan. **All-India Jamhur Muslim League, formed in 1940 to counter the All-India Muslim League's plans for a separate Pakistan. ; Pakistan ;;Historical *Muslim League (Pakistan), the original successor to the All-India Muslim League, lasting from independence to 1958. *Convention Muslim League, a brief discontent faction of the Pakistan Muslim League, formed in 1962 *Council Muslim League, a brief discontent faction of the Convention Muslim League *Muslim League (Qayyum), a political party formed in 1970 *Pakistan Muslim League (J), a political party from 1993 to 2004 *Pakistan Muslim League (Jinnah) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Pakistan
West Pakistan ( ur, , translit=Mag̱ẖribī Pākistān, ; bn, পশ্চিম পাকিস্তান, translit=Pôścim Pakistan) was one of the two Provincial exclaves created during the One Unit Scheme in 1955 in Pakistan. It was dissolved to form 4 provinces in 1970 before 1970 General Elections under the 1970 Legal Framework Order. Following its independence from British rule, the new Dominion of Pakistan was physically separated into two exclaves, with the western and eastern wings geographically separated from each other by India. The western wing of Pakistan comprised three governor's provinces (the North-West Frontier, West Punjab and Sind), one chief commissioner's province ( Baluchistan) along with the Baluchistan States Union, several independent princely states (notably Bahawalpur, Chitral, Dir, Hunza, Khairpur and Swat), the Karachi Federal Capital Territory, and the autonomous tribal areas adjoining the North-West Frontier Province. The eastern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tikka Khan
General Tikka Khan ( ur, ٹکا خان; 10 February 1915 – 28 March 2002) was a Pakistan Army general who was the first chief of army staff from 3 March 1972 until retiring on 1 March 1976. Along with Yahya Khan, he is considered a chief architect of the 1971 Bangladesh genocide which according to independent researchers led to the deaths of 300,000 to 500,000 people. Gaining a commission in 1940 as an artillery officer in the British Indian Army to participate in World War II, he rose to command the 8th and 15th infantry divisions in the war with India in 1965. In 1969, he was appointed as the commander of IV Corps while acting as martial law administrator in West Pakistan under President Yahya Khan. In 1971, he took over the command of army's Eastern Command in East Pakistan and appointed as Governor of East Pakistan where he oversaw the planning and the military deployments to execute the military operations to quell the liberation war efforts by the Awami League. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maghbazar
Maghbazar or Mogbazar ( bn, মগবাজার) is the name of a neighborhood in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It is located near the neighborhoods of Tejgaon, Ramna and Malibagh. It is under Ramna thana and administered by the Dhaka South City Corporation. Its origins date back to the Mughal Empire. Location Coordinates: 23°44'55"N,90°24'28"E Ramna Thana History Maghbazar is named after the Maghs or Mogs, whose ancestors were originally from Arakan Burma. In 1620, the Magh kingdom was attacked by the Mughals at ancient Dhaka, the heart of Bengal. The Mughal subedar Islam Khan, under the Mughals gained victory over the Maghs at their base at Chittagong. Their leader Mukut Ray surrendered, and along with his followers, accepted Islam; after which the subedar permitted them to stay in the area of what is now known as Maghbazar. However, the historian Muntasir Mamun holds the view that it was named during the British rule when the then Magh leader King Bring and his followers lived ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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